National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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Organizational History and List of Officers

Organizational History

  • 1909: Issued the “Call,” a statement calling for a conference to protest discrimination and violence against African Americans Convened the National Negro Conference on May 31 and June 1, New York, N.Y. Established the Committee on the Negro, also known as the Committee of Forty on Permanent Organization and as the National Negro Committee
  • 1910: Adopted the name National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Undertook first major legal case in defending Pink Franklin against a murder charge in South Carolina Published first issue of the magazine Crisis: A Record of the Darker Races
  • 1910 - 1934 : Crisis edited by W. E. B. Du Bois
  • 1911: Incorporated the NAACP
  • 1911 - 1914 : Organized fifty branches throughout the United States
  • 1914: Published an open letter to Woodrow Wilson protesting segregation in federal agencies
  • 1915: Awarded the first Spingarn Medal to Ernest E. Just for research in biology and physiology Protested the film Birth of a Nation
  • 1916: Established an antilynching committee
  • 1916 - 1923 : Published the Branch Bulletin
  • 1917: Organized the Silent Protest Parade, New York, N.Y.
  • 1919: Published Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States, 1889-1918. New York: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
  • 1930: Opposed the nomination of John J. Parker to the Supreme Court Retained full-time legal services of Charles Hamilton Houston
  • 1934: Resignation of W. E. B. Du Bois
  • 1935 - 1948 : Crisis edited by Roy Wilkins
  • 1939: Awarded the Spingarn Medal to Marian Anderson
  • 1941: Supported proposed March on Washington
  • 1942: Opened the Washington Bureau, Washington, D.C.
  • 1943: Walter Francis White and Thurgood Marshall submitted reports on riots in Detroit, Mich.
  • 1944: Recorded 430,000 memberships, largest in the association's history W. E. B. Du Bois returned to the NAACP Smith v. Allwright voting rights decision
  • 1944 - 1945 : Walter Francis White toured European and Pacific theaters of operation during World War II
  • 1945: Established position of public relations director Walter Francis White published A Rising Wind. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran and Co. Moved national office from Fifth Avenue to West Fortieth Street, New York, N.Y.
  • 1946: Established Labor Department
  • 1947: Established Church Department Elmore v. Ricedecision relating to the Democratic Party primary in South Carolina Harry S. Truman addressed the NAACP's thirty-eighth annual conference, Washington, D.C.
  • 1948: W. E. B. Du Bois resigned from the association Closed Veterans Affairs office, Washington, D.C. Sipuel v. Board of Regents decision
  • 1949 - 1966 : Crisis edited by James W. Ivy
  • 1950: Organized the National Emergency Civil Rights Mobilization, Washington, D.C. Sweatt v. Painter decision
  • 1950 - 1977 : Appointed Clarence Mitchell (1911-1984) head of the Washington Bureau, Washington, D.C.
  • 1953: Established Fighting Fund for Freedom
  • 1954: Brown v. Board of Education decision
  • 1956: Legal Defense Fund reorganized as the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., an independent entity Held meeting in Atlanta, Ga., to plan strategy for future desegregation campaigns
  • 1957: Central High School, Little Rock, Ark., integrated NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund allowed to retain NAACP as part of its name Awarded the Spingarn Medal to Martin Luther King, Jr.
  • 1960: Youth members participated in sit-in demonstrations and defended participants from other organizations
  • 1963: Joined other organizations in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom Medgar Wiley Evers, NAACP field secretary, murdered in Jackson, Miss. Council of Federated Organizations (COFO) created as a united front by civil rights organizations to register voters in Mississippi
  • 1963 - 1964 : Association lawyers participated in the defense of Freedom Riders
  • 1964: Established NAACP Special Contribution Fund as a tax-exempt fund Broadcast “Freedom Television Spectacular,” a fund-raising telethon
  • 1966 - 1974 : Crisis edited by Henry Lee Moon
  • 1967: Roy Wilkins appointed by Lyndon B. Johnson to the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders Established the Mississippi Emergency Relief program to alleviate hunger in the state
  • 1968: Resignation of the legal staff after the dismissal of Lewis M. Steel by the Board of Directors for publication of his article “Nine Men in Black Who Think White” in the New York Times Magazine Reactivated the Housing Department
  • 1969: Established the Armed Services and Veterans Affairs Department Created the National Afro-American Builders Corp. Reorganized branches in various large cities into multiple branches as an experiment
  • 1971: Established the NAACP National Housing Corp. through which local branches sponsored nonprofit housing programs
  • 1975: Crisis edited by Warren Marr
  • 1976: Claiborne Hardware Co v. NAACP decision, the Port Gibson, Miss., case that threatened to bankrupt the association
  • 1977: Organized NAACP National Energy Conference, Washington, D.C.
  • 1978: Awarded the first Walter Francis White Award to Hubert H. Humphrey Received a five-year, $500,000 educational grant from the Rockefeller Foundation Regents of the University of California v. Bakke decision Organized NAACP Leadership Summit Conference, Chicago, Ill. Created Afro-Academic Cultural Technical Scientific Olympics (ACT-SO) Established Economic Policy Advisory Council
  • 1979: Appointed Leroy Mobley director of prison programs Organized Black Leadership Meeting, New York, N.Y.
  • 1981: Eight persons arrested in alleged conspiracy to bomb the Baltimore, Md., NAACP branch headquarters
  • 1982: Moved national headquarters to 186 Remsen Street, Brooklyn, from 1790 Broadway, New York, N.Y. Established Operation Fair Share program
  • 1983: Executive director Benjamin L. Hooks suspended by the chairman of the board, Margaret Bush Wilson, and later reinstated Board of Directors transferred chairman powers to Kelly M. Alexander, Sr.
  • 1985: Board of Directors authorized move of national headquarters to Baltimore, Md. Suspicious fire destroyed NAACP branch headquarters in Dover, Del. Created Back-to-School/Stay-in-School program
  • 1986: Moved national headquarters to Baltimore, Md., and retained a small office in New York, N.Y. Association sued some of its former salaried lawyers over legal fees
  • 1987: Completed “Long-Range Plan: The Year 2000 and Beyond” report
  • 1989: Awarded Spingarn Medal to Jesse Jackson
  • 1990: Organized the NAACP Conference on the Present Crisis, Washington, D.C.
  • 1993: Benjamin L. Hooks resigned as executive director

List of Officers

  • 1910 - 1911 : Frances Blascoer, secretary
  • 1910 - 1929 : Moorfield Storey, president
  • 1911 - 1912 : Mary White Ovington, secretary
  • 1912 - 1916 : May Childs Nerney, secretary
  • 1916: Mary White Ovington, acting secretary
  • 1916 - 1917 : Royal Freeman Nash, secretary
  • 1917 - 1918 : James Weldon Johnson, acting secretary
  • 1918 - 1920 : James R. Shillady, secretary
  • 1920 - 1931 : James Weldon Johnson, secretary
  • 1930 - 1939 : Joel Elias Spingarn, president
  • 1931 - 1955 : Walter Francis White, secretary and executive secretary
  • 1940 - 1965 : Arthur B. Spingarn, president
  • 1949 - 1950 : Roy Wilkins, acting secretary
  • 1955 - 1964 : Roy Wilkins, executive secretary
  • 1965 - 1977 : Roy Wilkins, executive director
  • 1966 - 1974 : Kivie Kaplan, president
  • 1975 - 1983 : Margaret Bush Wilson, chair, Board of Directors
  • 1976 - 1982 : W. Montague Cobb, president
  • 1977 - 1993 : Benjamin L. Hooks, executive director
  • 1983: James Kemp, president
  • 1983 - 1984 : Kelly Alexander, Sr., chair, Board of Directors
  • 1984 - 1989 : Enolia P. McMillan, president
  • 1985 - 1995 : William F. Gibson, chair, Board of Directors
  • 1990 - 1992 : Hazel N. Dukes, president

From the guide to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Records, 1842-1999, (bulk 1919-1991), (Manuscript Division Library of Congress)

Agency History (1909-1967)

This chronology covers key events in the NAACP's history, providing a general framework and points of reference for understanding the visual materials in this collection. Listed events do not necessarily correspond to particular visual materials in the collection; some listed events are well covered in the collection, while others are not.

  • 1909: Oswald Garrison Villard issues the “Call,” a petition calling for a national conference to discuss means for ending social and civil injustices against African Americans. Out of this effort the National Negro Committee, sometimes referred to as the Committee of Forty, is formed.
  • 1910: The National Negro Committee holds its second meeting and changes its name to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. First legal case: Pink Franklin v. State of South Carolina. First issue of the Crisis, the official magazine of the NAACP, is published with W.E.B. Du Bois serving as editor. First NAACP office opens at 20 Vesey Street, New York, N.Y.
  • 1911: NAACP is incorporated in New York, N.Y.
  • 1912: First board of directors is selected. Oswald Garrison Villard is appointed chairman of the board of directors.
  • 1913: 50 branches in existence.
  • 1914: Joel Spingarn is elected chairman of the board of directors, replacing Oswald Garrison Villard. Offices move to 70 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y.
  • 1915: First Spingarn Medal is awarded to biologist Ernest Just, Howard University Medical School, Washington, D.C.
  • 1916: The first Amenia Conference is held at Troutbeck, Joel Spingarn's estate at Amenia, N.Y. James Weldon Johnson is hired as field secretary. Anti-lynching campaign starts with the formation of a committee to raise funds and public awareness about lynching.
  • 1917: Silent Protest parade is organized to protest the injustices of discrimination and segregation.
  • 1918: John Shillady is appointed executive secretary. Walter White is appointed assistant secretary.
  • 1919: NAACP publishes a major study of lynching entitled Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States, 1889-1918. Anti-lynching Conference is held at Carnegie Hall, New York, N.Y. Memberships total 56,000. Mary White Ovington becomes chairman of the board of directors.
  • 1920: James Weldon Johnson is appointed executive secretary. He becomes the first African American to be appointed to this level within the Association. He replaces John Shillady, who resigned after being beaten by a mob in Austin, Texas, while on official business for the Association. William Pickens is appointed field secretary. Offices move to 69 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y.
  • 1922 - 25 : Involvement in various legal cases concerning restrictive convenants, peonage, and voting rights.
  • 1927: The Life Membership program is initiated.
  • 1929: Moorfield Storey, first president, dies. 325 branches in 44 states. Voting rights, housing, and employment discrimination campaigns accelerate.
  • 1930: Joel Spingarn succeeds Moorfield Storey as president. Daisy Lampkin becomes regional field secretary. James Weldon Johnson resigns. NAACP leads a successful campaign against the nomination of Judge John Parker to the United States Supreme Court.
  • 1931: Walter White is appointed executive secretary. Roy Wilkins is hired as assistant secretary.
  • 1933: Roy Wilkins and George Schuyler investigate working conditions of African Americans employed by the Mississippi Flood Control Project. The second Amenia Conference is held to discuss the social and political progress of African Americans.
  • 1934: Campaigns against employment discrimination get underway. Dr. Louis Wright becomes chairman of the board of directors. W.E.B. Du Bois resigns.
  • 1935: Roy Wilkins becomes acting editor of the Crisis. Charles Houston is appointed special counsel. Youth councils begin to spring up across the nation.
  • 1936: William Pickens becomes director of branches. William English Walling, founding member, dies. NAACP initiates campaigns against unequal salaries for African American teachers--first cases filed in Maryland. Campaigns and legal action to eliminate segregation in education at the college level.
  • 1937: Roy Wilkins becomes editor of the Crisis.
  • 1938: Thurgood Marshall is appointed special counsel, replacing Charles Houston. E. Frederic Morrow becomes coordinator of branches.
  • 1939: Joel Spingarn, president, dies. Legal Defense Fund formed.
  • 1940: Campaigns for elimination of discrimination in the armed services. Arthur Spingarn becomes president.
  • 1941: Ella Baker joins staff as assistant field secretary. Campaigns against discrimination in defense industries hiring practices. 55 youth councils and 14 college chapters exist.
  • 1942: Washington, D.C., bureau is established.
  • 1943: Ruby Hurley is appointed youth director. Ella Baker becomes director of branches.
  • 1944: W.E.B. Du Bois returns to the Association as director of special research.
  • 1945: Offices move to 20 West 40th Street, New York, N.Y.
  • 1946: Campaigns against segregation in education continue--a number of new cases filed. Clarence Mitchell is appointed national labor secretary, Washington, D.C., bureau. Ella Baker, director of branches, resigns. Gloster Current succeeds Ella Baker as director of branches.
  • 1948: Henry Lee Moon is appointed director of public relations. W.E.B. Du Bois, director of special research, resigns.
  • 1949: Walter White, executive secretary, resigns due to poor health. Oswald Garrison Villard, founding member, dies.
  • 1950: Clarence Mitchell is appointed director, Washington, D.C., bureau. The National Emergency Civil Rights Mobilization meets in Washington, D.C., to support enactment of civil rights laws.
  • 1951: “Equality under Law” campaign is initiated to eliminate segregation in elementary and secondary schools.
  • 1952: School desegregation cases reach the United States Supreme Court. Dr. Louis Wright, chairman of the board of directors, dies.
  • 1953: “Fight for Freedom” campaign is initiated, with the goal to eliminate segregation and discrimination by 1963, the 100th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. Organizers vowed to raise $1,000,000 annually through 1963 to help fund the campaign. Channing Tobias is appointed chairman of the board of directors.
  • 1954: Brown v. Board of Education decided; the United States Supreme Court decision overturns the “separate but equal” doctrine.
  • 1955: Walter White, former executive secretary, dies. Roy Wilkins succeeds Walter White as executive secretary. Memberships surpass 300,000.
  • 1956: Legal action is initiated against the NAACP by the states of Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas, challenging the right of the NAACP to operate in those states.
  • 1957: Federal court orders Little Rock, Arkansas, to desegregate its schools. Widespread violence breaks out as the first nine African American students try to attend Central High School. Local NAACP leaders Daisy and L.C. Bates direct the strategy for implementing the United States Supreme Court's desegregation orders in Little Rock. Civil Rights Act of 1957 is enacted through coordinated efforts of the NAACP and other civil rights and labor groups. Prayer Pilgrimage in Washington, D.C., to show support for civil rights.
  • 1959: Branches are involved in voter registration campaigns in the South. The Association celebrates its 50th anniversary.
  • 1960: Dr. Robert Weaver becomes chairman of the board of directors; he resigns one year later to head the Federal Housing and Home Finance Agency.
  • 1961: Bishop Stephen Gill Spottswood is appointed chairman of the board of directors.
  • 1963: Memberships surpass 500,000. Medgar Evers, Mississippi field director, is assassinated. W.E.B. Du Bois dies in Accra, Ghana.
  • 1966: Arthur Spingarn, president, retires. Kivie Kaplan is elected president.
  • 1967: Offices move to 1790 Broadway, New York, N.Y.

From the guide to the Visual Materials from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Records (Library of Congress), ca. 1838-1969, bulk 1944-1955, (Prints and Photographs Division Library of Congress)

Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Adair, Christia, 1893-. Reminiscences of Christia V. Adair : oral history, 1977. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn Mitchell, Clarence M. (Clarence Maurice), 1911-1984,. Oral history interview, 1977. Maryland historical society
referencedIn Waite, Edward F. (Edward Foote), 1860-1958. Edward F. Waite papers, 1764-1958. Minnesota Historical Society Library
referencedIn Williams, Deborah. NAACP hopes merchants feel impact of Black Dollar Days / by Deborah Williams. Kansas State Historical Society
referencedIn Papers, 1927-1979 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Law, W. W.,. W.W. Law oral history interview, 1990 Nov. 16. Georgia State University
referencedIn Spencer, Chauncey E., 1906-. Chauncey Edward Spencer papers, 1914-1976. Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Bank, Steven A., 1969-. The Dilemma of the NAACP : A Case study : the Trenton six 1948-1953 / By Steven A. Bank, 1991. University of Pennsylvania, Archives & Records Center
referencedIn Juanita Craft Collection MA81-5., 1940-1985 Texas/Dallas History & Archives , Dallas Public Library
referencedIn College of Charleston. Library. College of Charleston Vertical File on "The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People," 1970s and 1980s. College of Charleston, Marlene and Nathan Addlestone Library
referencedIn Hugh H. Smythe papers, 1942-1963 Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Archives Section
referencedIn Bernd, Aaron, 1894-1937. Aaron Bernd papers, 1919-1937. Emory University. Special Collections and Archives
referencedIn Charles S. Scott Papers, 1918-1989 University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library Kanas Collection
referencedIn McKinney, Ernest Rice, 1886-1984. Oral history interview with Ernest McKinney [sound recording] / interviewed by Howard Fredricks. University of Wisconsin - La Crosse, Murphy Library
referencedIn Cohen, James. An oral history with James Cohen, 1976 Feb 2. University of Southern Mississippi, Regional Campus, Joseph Anderson Cook Library
referencedIn Henry, Aaron, 1922-1997. Aaron Henry papers, 1965-1970. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
referencedIn Spingarn, Arthur B. (Arthur Barnett), 1878-1971. Papers, 1914-1971. Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University
referencedIn Generations of Auto Workers: Anderson, Indiana, 1930-1982 Indiana University, Bloomington. Center for the Study of History and Memory
referencedIn Stone, Kathryn H. (Kathryn Haesler), 1906-1995. Papers, ca. 1881-1988 University of Virginia. Library. Special Collections Dept.
referencedIn Wolford, David,. School desegregation in western Kentucky oral history project, 2002. Kentucky Historical Society, Martin F. Schmidt Research Library
referencedIn Raymond family papers, 1862-1977 University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library Kanas Collection
referencedIn AFL-CIO. Civil Rights Dept. Southern Region records, 1963-1972. Georgia State University
referencedIn Morris S. Lazaron papers, 1851-1979 (bulk 1930-1950) The Jacob Rader Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives
referencedIn Park, Maud Wood, 1871-1955. Papers in the Woman's Rights Collection, 1870-1960 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn United States political campaign materials collection, 1840-2000 and undated. Duke University Libraries, Duke University Library; Perkins Library
referencedIn Herbert Aptheker Papers, 1842-1999, (bulk 1934-1994) Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn Spencer, Chauncey E., 1906-. Chauncey Edward Spencer papers, 1914-2006. Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Du Bois, W. E. B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963. William Edward Burghardt Du Bois papers, 1803-1968 (inclusive), 1877-1963 (bulk), [microform]. Yale University Library
creatorOf National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Papers of the NAACP. Supplement to Part 5, Residential segregation, General office files, 1956-1965 [microform] / edited by John H. Bracey, Jr. and August Meier ; project coordinator, Randolph H. Boehm. HCL Technical Services, Harvard College Library
referencedIn Transcript and videorecordings of the South Carolina Voices of the Civil Rights Movement Conference, 1982. Avery Research Center for African American History and Culture
referencedIn New York (State). Office of the Lieutenant Governor. Central subject and correspondence files, 1929-1932, 1983-1985. New York State Archives
referencedIn Mitchell, Juanita Jackson, 1913-. Oral history interview, 1975. Maryland historical society
referencedIn Black women oral history project : oral history, 1976-1980. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn Floyd B. McKissick Papers, 1940s-1980s University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Historical Collection
referencedIn Southern Conference for Human Welfare/Educational Fund, 1982-1983 Indiana University, Bloomington. Center for the Study of History and Memory
referencedIn Records of the Office of the Chancellor (Elmer Ellsworth Brown), 1900-1937 New York University. Archives
referencedIn McCray, John Henry, 1910-1987. John Henry McCray papers, 1929-1989. University of South Carolina, System Library Service, University Libraries
referencedIn Hook, Keith, b. 1917. Keith Hook papers, 1948-1979. Connecticut Historical Society
referencedIn Redfield, Robert, 1897-1958. Papers, 1917-1958 (inclusive). University of Chicago Library
referencedIn Floyd B. McKissick Papers, 1940s-1980s University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Historical Collection
referencedIn Spingarn, Joel E, 1875-1939. Papers, 1934-1938. William & Mary Libraries
referencedIn Clement, A. J. (Arthur J.). A. J. Clement papers, 1926-1986. University of South Carolina, System Library Service, University Libraries
referencedIn Whitney M. Young, Jr. Memorial Foundation. Archives, 1971-1991. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn Diane Ragsdale. Texas Woman's University Library, Mary Evelyn Blagg-Huey Library
referencedIn Ella Baker papers, 1926-1986 Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Archives Section
referencedIn Weightman, Phillip M. 1902-. Philip M. Weightman Papers 1944-1967. Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn Ward, Willis F. (Willis Franklyn), 1912-1983. Willis Franklyn Ward papers, 1941-1955. The Henry Ford, Benson Ford Research Center
referencedIn Taylor, William L., 1931-2010. William L. Taylor papers 1954-2009 George Washington University
referencedIn North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation. North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation records, 1922-1949. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
creatorOf Texas. Attorney-General's Office. State of Texas vs. NAACP case records, 1911-1961 1945-1961. University of Texas Libraries
referencedIn Brown, Elmer Ellsworth, 1861-1934. Elmer Ellsworth Brown administrative records, 1900-1937. New-York Historical Society
referencedIn Spingarn, Arthur B. (Arthur Barnett), 1878-1971. Reminiscences of Arthur B. Spingarn : oral history, 1966. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn Society for the Preservation of Weeksville and Bedford-Stuyvesant History. Miscellaneous photographs and documents, [ca. 1870]-1932. Campbell University, Wiggins Memorial Library
referencedIn Woodward, C. Vann (Comer Vann), 1908-1999. C. Vann Woodward papers, 1804-2004 (inclusive), 1804-2000 (bulk). Yale University Library
referencedIn Anna Strunsky Walling papers, 1880-1968 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
referencedIn Williams, Samuel W. Samuel W. Williams Papers Atlanta University Center, Robert W. Woodruff Library
referencedIn Greenberg, Jack, 1924-. Oral history interview with Jack Greenberg, 1975. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn Cass, Melnea, 1896-1978. Interview with Melnea A. Cass : oral history transcript / tape recorded interview conducted by Tahi Lani Mottl in 1977. Black Women Oral History Project, Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe College, Cambridge, Massachussetts, 1977. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Jacob Potofsky presidential correspondence, 1946-1974, 1960-1970 (bulk) Cornell University Library
referencedIn McCollum, Matthew, d. 1980. Rev. Matthew McCollum papers, 1970-1980 (bulk [undated]). Claflin College
referencedIn Telles, Richard, 1922-2003. Oral history interview with Richard Telles, 1996 [videorecording]. University of Texas at Arlington, Central Library
referencedIn Mosley, Joan. Oral history, 1985-1986. Harold B. Lee Library
referencedIn Worsley, Raymond, 1925-. Interview with Raymond Worsley [electronic resource] 2004 April 17 / interviewer: John Fraser ; transcriber: Erica Lee. University of North Carolina, Charlotte, J. Murrey Atkins Library
referencedIn Monterey Public Library. California History Room. Protests, demonstrations, etc. clippings 1963-2006 Monterey Public Library
referencedIn Moon, Henry Lee, 1901-. The Henry Lee Moon family papers, 1910-1964. Western Reserve Historical Society, Research Library
creatorOf National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Papers of the NAACP. Supplement to Part 17, National staff files, 1956-1965 [microform] / edited by John H. Bracey, Jr. and August Meier ; project coordinator, Randolph H. Boehm. HCL Technical Services, Harvard College Library
referencedIn Sheffield, Horace,. Oral history interview with Horace Sheffield, 1968. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
referencedIn W. E. B. Du Bois Papers MS 312., 1803-1999, 1877-1963 Special Collections and University Archives, UMass Amherst Libraries
referencedIn Roth, Stephen T., 1908-1974. Papers, 1936,1979. Clarke Historical Library
referencedIn Connecticut State Labor Council, AFL-CIO Records, undated, 1909-1991. Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Center.
referencedIn Engelhardt, Sam (Samuel Martin), 1912-1991. Papers 1888-1973. Alabama Department of Archives and History
creatorOf National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People : file of clippings and miscellanea. Michigan State University Libraries, Main Library
referencedIn Malcolm Keith Hatfield papers, 1930-1961 Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn International Ladies Garment Workers Union. Charles S. Zimmerman papers, 1919-1958 [bulk 1920-1945]. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn National Committee Against Discrimination in Housing, Inc. records. 1945-1974 Tulane University, Amistad Research Center
referencedIn John Johnston Parker Papers (#3464), 1920-1956 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Historical Collection
referencedIn Bates, Daisy. Daisy Bates papers, 1948-1986 University of Arkansas - Fayetteville, University Libraries
referencedIn Salter, William Mackintire, 1853-1931. Papers, 1883-1907. Campbell University, Wiggins Memorial Library
referencedIn Goldstein, Louis L., 1913-. Oral history interview, 1976. Maryland historical society
referencedIn Ralph, Leon D. Oral history interview with Hon. Leon D. Ralph, 1991 : oral history transcript / by Arlene Lazarowitz, Oral History Program, California State University, Fullerton, for the State Government Oral History Program, California State Archives, 1993. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Saunders, Robert W. (Robert William), 1921-. Robert W. and Helen S. Saunders papers, 1950-2001. University of South Florida, USF Library
referencedIn Tomlin, Frances. [Frances Tomlin papers] University of Kansas Archives / MSS / Rare Books, Kenneth Spencer Research Library
referencedIn Jackson, Thomas M. Thomas M. Jackson papers, 1903-1963. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Ramírez, Gus, 1953-. Oral history interview with Gus Ramírez, 2001 [videorecording]. University of Texas at Arlington, Central Library
referencedIn McSurely, Alan, 1936-. Alan McSurely papers, 1928-1985 (bulk 1960s-1980s). University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
referencedIn Willis, Winifred Lockhart, 1902-1982. Papers, 1917-1982 (inclusive). Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Johnson, Kathryn M. (Kathryn Magnolia), b. 1878. Papers, 1948. Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Charlottesville (Va.). School Board. Records of the Charlottesville City School Board [manuscript], ca.1869-2006. University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn James Weldon Johnson and Grace Nail Johnson papers, circa 1850-2005, 1900-1976 Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn William Pickens papers (Additions), 1909-1950 Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Archives Section
referencedIn History of Indiana University, 1968-1981 Indiana University, Bloomington. Center for the Study of History and Memory
referencedIn Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967. Papers of Langston Hughes [manuscript], 1925-1982. University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Burnquist, J. A. A. (Joseph Alfred Arner), 1879-1961. J. A. A. Burnquist papers, 1884-1961. Minnesota Historical Society Library
referencedIn Robbins Gilman and family papers., 1699-2009. Minnesota Historical Society
referencedIn Welsh, Edward K., 1902-1979. Papers, 1937-1974. Churchill County Museum
referencedIn Ovington, Mary White, 1865-1951. Papers, 1946-1951 (inclusive). Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Motley, Constance Baker, 1921-2005. The reminiscences of Judge Constance Baker Motley. Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Kaplan, Kivie, 1904-1975. Papers. 1955-1976 and n.d. Tulane University, Amistad Research Center
referencedIn Crockett, George W.,. Oral history interview with George W. Crockett, Jr., 1968. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
referencedIn Gore Vidal papers, 1850-2020 (inclusive), 1936-2008 (bulk) Houghton Library
referencedIn Jackie Robinson Papers, 1934-2001, (bulk 1947-1987) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Oswald Garrison Villard papers Houghton Library
referencedIn Cheney, Gladys,. Gladys Cheney and Geneva Lyde oral history interview, 1989 Oct. 13. Georgia State University
referencedIn Mitchell, Clarence M. (Clarence Maurice), 1911-1984. Reminiscences of Clarence Maurice Mitchell : oral history, 1981. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn Kaplan, Kivie, 1904-1975. Papers, 1948-1975. The Jacob Rader Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives
referencedIn Robert C. Caldwell family papers, 1922-1999 University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library Kanas Collection
creatorOf Ransom, Leon A. (Leon Andrew), 1898-. Papers, 1936-1948. Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University
referencedIn Haughton, James, 1929-. James Haughton papers, 1924-1984 (bulk 1959-1982) New York Public Library System, NYPL
referencedIn Davis, Charles L., 1943 Sept. 23-. Davis (Charles) papers, 1862-2004 (bulk 1970-2001). University of Southern Mississippi, Regional Campus, Joseph Anderson Cook Library
referencedIn N.A.A.C.P. : PAD/D pamphlet file : miscellaneous uncataloged material. Metropolitan Museum of Art, Thomas J. Watson Library
referencedIn Davis, Samuel K., 1899-1968. Samuel K. Davis papers, 1919-1980. Minnesota Historical Society, Division of Archives and Manuscripts
referencedIn Durham, LaRamon,. LaRamon Durham oral history interview, 1989 Oct. 13. Georgia State University
referencedIn Overton, Carrie Burton, 1888-. Carrie Burton Overton papers, 1870-1970, (bulk 1900-1970). Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
referencedIn Edward K. Welsh Papers, Bulk, 1960-1969, circa 1930-1974 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America records, 1914-1980, 1920-1950 (bulk) Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Alabama. Governor. Legal advisors' files, 1963-1972. Alabama Department of Archives and History
referencedIn National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Convention Collection, July 1949. California Polytechnic State University, Robert E. Kennedy Library, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo
referencedIn Davidson, Shelby J. (Shelby Jeames), b. 1868. Shelby J. Davidson papers, 1893-1918. Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University
referencedIn Stella Maris House (Portland, Or.). Stella Maris House collection, 1940-1973 ; bulk : 1960-1972. Oregon Historical Society Research Library
referencedIn Hill, Charles A.,. Oral history interview with Charles A. Hill, 1967. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
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Place Name Admin Code Country
United States 00 US
Baltimore MD US
Subject
Actions and defenses
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
African Americans
Civil rights leaders
Discrimination in housing
Lincoln Day
Pressure groups
Race discrimination
Race relations
Television programs
Occupation
Activity

Corporate Body

Americans

English

Information

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