International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union

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The ILGWU Archives were established in 1973 and transferred to the Kheel Center in 1987.

From the description of ILGWU. Charles Zimmerman Collection of Radical Pamphlets, 1898-1978. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 748341343

The Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, the most significant union representing workers in the men's clothing industry, was founded in New York City in 1914 as a breakaway movement from the United Garment Workers. Radical and immigrant workers in the tailors’ and cutters’ locals were the core of the seceding group, which advocated industrial unionism and economic strikes in opposition to the UGW’s craft organization, which they saw as conservative and timid. Their diverging views had come to the fore during the historic 1910 dispute at the Chicago firm Hart, Schaffner, and Marx. The opposition called the strike against the UGW leadership’s advice, and reached a path-breaking agreement with management that established an arbitration system to settle disputes.

Members flocked to the new union. Around 50,000 strong at its founding, by 1920 the ACWA counted about 170,000 members. Initially composed mostly of immigrants of Jewish European descent with Socialist leanings, the ACWA quickly welcomed members of a great number of nationalities and diverse backgrounds. Like in other garment unions, most workers and many members were women, but the leadership was predominantly male, a situation that did not change for many decades. Early on the union adopted a centralized administrative structure combined with industrial unionism, with the joint boards’ by-laws having precedence over those of locals.

Espousing a philosophy perhaps brought over by its early immigrant socialist members, the Amalgamated went beyond bread and butter issues and adopted a distinctive form of social unionism that was largely absent in the American labor movement. Starting in the 1920s, it provided educational opportunities and recreational facilities for its members, as well as services such as an insurance plan, banks offering personal loans at low interest rates, low-cost housing cooperatives, medical clinics, and even union-owned restaurants.

Sidney Hillman was the first president of the new union and the most important officer in its history. He applied his experience as bargaining representative in Chicago to the whole industry. Under his leadership the union made significant strides in securing better wages and working conditions for its members, and at the same time it consolidated gains and provided stability to the industry through the widespread adoption of the arbitration system tested at Hart, Schaffner, and Marx. Hillman paid close attention to industry issues, such as production, pricing, and marketing. In order to help management meet the competition of non-union firms, the union conducted studies of efficiency, work methods, and factory costs. Letters to the official publication of the union, Advance, document the controversy that ensued within the union over what was perceived to be collaboration with management.

Hillman also understood the importance of labor’s involvement in national affairs and political action. In the 1920s the ACWA sent delegates to the Conference for Progressive Political Action and to the Farmer-labor party conventions. Although many members and officers were Socialists, the union stopped short of officially endorsing the party. Communist attempts at gaining influence within the union were firmly curbed. Hillman’s participation in national affairs and politics became prominent during the New Deal, when he became a close advisor to Franklin D. Roosevelt on labor and economic issues. He also served on the board of the National Recovery Administration. Later, during World War II, he helped establish the Labor’s Non Partisan League. He was also named associate director of the Office of Production Management, which assisted in mobilizing the nation's resources for the war effort. Hillman’s prestige perhaps reflected the healthy condition of his union, which by the end of the conflict was strong and stable.

During the post World War II period the union faced a number of significant challenges. Membership continued to grow (peaking at 395,000 in 1968), but the union’s political influence and visibility in national affairs declined. In their never ending pursuit of lower production costs, many firms relocated to the South, forcing the union to engage in large organizing efforts. Simultaneously, signs began to appear of changes that would lead to the almost complete demise of the domestic apparel industry and, ultimately, to the erosion of union membership. Foreign imports of cheap clothing goods steadily grew in the 1950s and 1960s, and mushroomed in the following two decades, plunging employment in the apparel sector into a steady decline. Union efforts to stem the tide included Buy American campaigns and extensive lobbying in Congress, but they were to no avail. In 1976, the ACWA merged with the Textile Workers of America to become the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Despite successful and much publicized nationwide actions such as the Farah boycott and the J.P. Stevens corporate campaign, the woes threatening the union’s existence continued unabated. The fate of the domestic industry was sealed in the late 1970s and the 1980s by the flight of firms chasing tax breaks and cheap labor abroad. By 1995, when ACTWU voted to merge with the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, their combined membership was 350,000. The new Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE!) seemed poised to infuse new life in a troubled union.

From the guide to the ACTWU's Out-of-Business Contracts, 1937-2000, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

In 1937 a group known as the Players of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union wrote, produced and starred in Pins and Needles, a "witty and tuneful" musical revue satirizing organized labor in general and the ILGWU in particular. Numbers include "Sing us a song with social significance," Doin' the reactionary," and "One big union for two." The play was so successful that it was given a regular run at the Labor Stage in New York, with new skits and songs added periodically to keep the production fresh and topical. More than one performance was standing room only.

From the guide to the Pins and Needles Collection, 1938-1940, (Special Collections Research Center, Syracuse University Libraries)

History

The ILGWU was founded in 1900 under the affiliation of the American Federation of Labor. A San Francisco local was formed soon thereafter. Of the ten firms which in 1903 were using the label of the International, five were located in San Francisco.

The material in this collection dates back to 1931. At that time the president of the International was David Dubinsky and the vice president in charge of the Pacific Coast Bureau with offices in Los Angeles was Israel Feinberg.

In 1934 the dressmakers Local 8 joined with the knitgoods workers Local 191 to form Local 101. A Joint Board was set up to administer the new local composed of representatives from the Executive Boards of the two merging unions. It was headed by Sam White from the knitgoods workers. White, a member of the Young Socialist League, was soon removed from his position during a wave of anti-communist sentiment. Israel Feinberg then appointed Henry Zacharin to replace him. Jennie Matyas, organizer for the international, and according to her own accounts, the token woman representative, was another important figure in the union's activities. In 1937, the Cutters Union Local 213 merged with Local 101 thereby falling under the Joint Board's administration.

From the guide to the International Ladies Garment Workers Union San Francisco Joint Board Records, 1931-1947, (San Francisco State University. Labor Archives & Research Center)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Pacific Northwest District Council records, 1944-2000., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Scrapbooks, 1910-1958., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Alan Howard was Assistant to the President of the ILGWU.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Alan Howard papers, 1970-1997., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Arbitration proceedings and Joint Board minutes, 1913-1917., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Giustizia (Justice), 1950-1970, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Leon Stein was born in Baltimore and raised in New York City. After graduating from City College of New York in 1934, he worked as a cutter and patternmaker. In 1939, Stein began writing for Justice, the official organ of the ILGWU, and in 1952 he became its editor. In 1962, he published The Triangle Fire, an account of the March 25, 1911 fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company that killed 146 people. He edited Justice until his retirement in 1977, the same year he published Out of the Sweatshop. He died at the age of 78, in Cranbury, New Jersey on February 13, 1990.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Leon Stein collection, 1911-1977, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Miscellany, 1904-1986, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Out of Business contracts, 1988-1998., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Association contracts, 1916-1994, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Paintings, photographs, and memorabilia, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Company files, 1971-1995, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Martin Berger was born in New York City in 1929. A graduate of the ILGWU Training Institute, Berger worked as clerk of Local 62 (1947-1950) and Organizer (1951-1952) and Business Agent (1952-1958) in the Southwest Region, before becoming Manager of the Southern Missouri District Council of the Central States Region and, later, Manager of the Upstate New York and Vermont District Council. Working for the ILGWU, he served as National Director of Associate Membership and Union Privilege Benefits, as well as Assistant Director of the Northeast, Western Pennsylvania, and Ohio Department. In 1987, with Berger's leadership, the Garment Workers Justice Center opened in New York City. After the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers of America to form the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE), Berger continued work with the new union. He died in 2006.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Martin Berger papers, 1948-2006, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Local 89 of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU), also known as the Italian Dressmakers' Union, was chartered in 1919 and based in New York, New York. Luigi Antonini, garment worker, labor and political leader, and official of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union.

Luigi Antonini was born in Vallata Irpina, Italy, in 1883. After serving in the Italian army, he emigrated to the United States in 1908. He joined the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) in 1913, and was elected to the executive board of Local 25 the following year. A skilled organizer and leader, he was voted a vice president of the ILGWU in 1925, and became First Vice-President in 1934, a position he held for over thirty years.

Antonini was a founding member of the Anti-Fascist Alliance and president of the Italian-American Labor Council. He was also chairman of the American Labor Party and was one of the founders of the Liberal Party of New York. He served on a number of boards and advisory commissions, public and private, during World War II. Antonini remained active in union and political matters until his death in 1968.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Local 89. Luigi Antonini correspondence, 1919-1968, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. People v. Benedict Macri. Legal transcripts and scrapbook, 1949-1957., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

First published by the ILGWU in April 1910, the Ladies' Garment Worker was the official organ of the International and issued monthly in Yiddish, English, and Italian. In 1919, the Ladies' Garment Worker ceased publication and Justice became the official organ of the ILGWU.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Ladies' Garment Worker, 1911-1917, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Gerechtigkeit (Justice), 1919-1957, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

"Permanent deposit"

From the guide to the ILGWU. Convention records, 1977-1992., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

In 1981, Susan Cowell began working with the ILGWU as a staff member in the Department of Organization and Field Services, designing and conducting surveys and questionnaires and organizing Korean garment workers. In September 1982, she became Assistant to the Manager of Local 23-25 Jay Mazur, and beginning in 1983, when Mazur became General Secretary-Treasurer, Cowell served as Assistant to the General Secretary-Treasurer. In 1986, Cowell was Executive Assistant to the President of the ILGWU, and the next year, she was elected Vice President of the union, a position she held until the merger of the ILGWU with ACTWU to form UNITE in 1995. Prior to working for the ILGWU, Cowell worked as consultant, free-lance writer and editor, and teacher. She holds degrees from Brown University, Harvard University, and Yale University.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Susan Cowell papers, 1923-2002, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Collective Bargaining Agreements, 1907-2000, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Collective Bargaining Agreements. Microfilm, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Canadian publications, 1936-1984., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Wilbur Daniels was born in Detroit in 1922. Daniels held several offices in the ILGWU over more than 40 years, including Research Association and Assistant Director of Research (1943-1950), Associate General Counsel in the Legal Department (1950-1959), Assistant to the President (1959-1961), Director of the Master Agreements Department (1965-1969?), Vice President (1969-1973), and Executive Vice-President (1973-1987). After leaving the ILGWU in 1987, Daniels was Executive Director of the S.H. and Helen R. Scheuer Foundation. He remained involved in New York City civic life, serving on the boards of the Lincoln Center, United Housing Foundation, New York Urban Coalition, and American Arbitration Association. He died in New York City in 1993.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Wilbur Daniels papers, 1937-1987., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Local 39 of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU), also known as the Finishers' Union, was based in Boston, Massachusetts. Local 56 of the ILGWU, also known as the Cloak and Suitmakers' Union, was based in Boston Massachusetts. Local 69 of the ILGWU, also known as the Finishers Union, was based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Local 177 of the ILGWU, also known as the Alteration Workers Union, was based in New York, New York.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Locals minutes, 1913-1958, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Justice, 1975-1995, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Irwin Solomon was born April 22nd, 1926, in Crown Heights, Brooklyn. In 1947, Solomon became auditor of the ILGWU. For a period, he worked as financial secretary of the Philadelphia Joint Board, then as manager of Local 190 in Philadelphia, and then as manager of the Philadelphia Joint Board. From 1983 to 1986, Solomon was Executive Vice President of the ILGWU. From 1986 until his retirement in 1995, Solomon served as Secretary-Treasurer of the ILGWU. Before retiring, he was involved in negotiating the 1995 merger of the ILGWU with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union to create Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE).

From the guide to the ILGWU. Irwin Solomon papers, 1965-1998., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Professional and Clerical Employees (PACE) records, 1976-1990., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

WFDR-FM was a non-profit radio station in New York City, owned by the ILGWU. The radio station was in operation from 1949 to 1952.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Memorabilia. WFDR-FM Inaugural Broadcast Program, 1949., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Library listing of selected material, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Governor Smith's Hearings and Arbitration with Various Associations records, 1924., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Termination analysis log books, 1979-1981., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

  • 1918: Born, New York City, January 9th
  • 1934: Graduated Townsend Harris Hall High School
  • 1940: LL.B Degree, Brooklyn Law School Married Rosalind Bryon Organizer, ILGWU Local 178, Fall River, Massachusetts
  • 1942: Business Agent, Local 281, Boston and Lowell, Massachusetts
  • 1943: U.S. Air Force
  • 1946: Manager, Local 22, ILGWU, Springfield, Massachusetts Manager, Western Mass. District, Northeast Dept., ILGWU
  • 1955: Director, Lower Southwest Region, ILGWU
  • 1959: Vice-President ILGWU
  • 1965: Vice-President ILGWU
  • 1968: Chairman, American Trade Union Council for Histadrut
  • 1969: Associate Trustee, Long Island Jewish Hillside Medical Center
  • 1973: General Secretary-Treasurer, ILGWU Vice-President, AFL-CIO Industrial Union Dept. Member, Board of Directors, New York Urban Coalition
  • 1975: President, ILGWU Vice-President, AFL-CIO and Member, Executive Council Member, Governor's Task Force on Housing
  • 1976: Delegate to Democratic National Convention National Chairman, Trade Union Council for Histadrut
  • 1977: Labor Representative, Belgrade Conference to Review Helsinki Accord on Human Rights Head of AFL-CIO Delegation to International Labor Summit, London Received Labor Human Rights Award, Jewish Labor Committee
  • 1978: Received Townsend Harris Award Member, U.S. Delegation to Attend Funeral of Prime Minister Golda Meir
  • 1979: Present at Signing of Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty at the White House
  • 1980: Member, U.S. Delegation to ILO Session in Geneva Vice-Chair, N.Y. Convention Center Operating Corp. Member, Board of Trustees, Brandeis University Honorary Degrees from Rutgers University and City University of New York Seconded the Nomination of President Carter, Democratic National Convention Published, A Labor Viewpoint: Another Opinion
  • 1982: Head, AFL-CIO Fact-Finding Mission to South Africa Member, N.Y.S. Governor's Special Transit Advisory Panel
  • 1983: Sol C. Chaikin Chair Established at Brandeis University Addressed AFL-CIO Annual Civil Rights Conference Led Import Rollback Campaign
  • 1985: Hosted ZENSEN Delegation from Japan for Discussions of Apparel and Textile Industries
  • 1986: Retired as President of the ILGWU
  • 1991: Died April 1, 1991 at age 73.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Sol Chaikin papers, 1940-1986, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Unpublished Union Histories, 1911-1971., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The ILGWU was formed on June 3, 1900, by eleven delegates representing local unions in New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Newark. These local unions-the United Brotherhood of Cloak Makers, the Skirt Makers Union No. 1 of Greater New York, the Cloak Makers’ Protective Union of Philadelphia, the Cloak Makers Union of Baltimore, the Cloak Makers’ Union of Brownsville, and the Cloak Makers’ Union of Newark, New Jersey-were comprised primarily of Jewish immigrants who had recently arrived from Eastern Europe, many of whom were socialist and had been active trade unionists before coming to America, and in some instances, had become members of the ILGWU’s predecessor unions upon arrival. The ILGWU was granted a charter from the American Federation of Labor on June 22, 1900.

The ILGWU was an important force in establishing the rights to unionize, bargain collectively, and work under safe conditions. In the opening decade of the twentieth century, galvanizing events such as the “Uprising of the 20,000” (1909-1910), the “Great Revolt” (1910), and the Protocol of Peace (1910) helped the union grow quickly and push for major workplaces changes in the industry. A fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory on March 25, 1911, claimed the lives of 146 young women and men and spurred cooperation between organized labor, government, and social reformers to institute unprecedented workplace inspection and regulation.

At the same time, and especially as the union grew, the union’s agenda was not limited strictly to workplace issues. The ILGWU developed several elements of “social unionism.” In addition to maintaining Health, Welfare, and Vacation Funds for members, many local unions also organized Education Departments that presented a variety of course offerings to members, ranging from English language classes, to labor history classes, to visual and performing arts classes. The ILGWU’s Union Health Center in New York City was established in 1913 and chartered in 1930, and Union Health Centers and Mobile Health Units in other locations were soon founded elsewhere; the staff at these centers provided consultation and health services to union members across the United States. The union’s cooperative housing complexes offered affordable options for workers in New York City, and the ILGWU’s Unity House, a resort in the Pocono Mountains of Pennsylvania established in 1919 (and closed in 1989), served as a relatively inexpensive getaway for union members and their families. By the time David Dubinsky was elected president of the ILGWU, the union’s many and varied programs were large and robust, and the union was a formidable presence in American organized labor.

During David Dubinsky’s tenure as president of the ILGWU from 1932 to 1966, the ILGWU grew in numbers, influence, and ambition. As more garment workers in New York City joined the union, manufacturers sought to establish shops where they could hire non-unionized workers and thus turn a greater profit. When these “runaway” shops opened up New England, central Pennsylvania, and the Southeastern United States, the ILGWU followed. The union sent organizers to newly-opened shops, and eventually established district councils and regional departments to gain members and represent these “out-of-town” workers. During this time, the ILGWU established its Training Institute to prepare students for organizing and staff positions with the growing union.

With an increasingly large membership, the union had become even more involved in cultural and educational activities. The musical “Pins and Needles” opened at New York City’s Labor Stage in 1937 and enjoyed a successful Broadway run until 1940; in 1950, the Northeast Department musical narrative, “My Name Is Mary Brown,” was staged at the ILGWU Golden Jubilee Convention in Atlantic City; the ILGWU-produced feature film “With These Hands,” too, was premiered at that convention, and it was later released nationwide. The ILGWU Chorus and local unions’ mandolin orchestras continued to perform at union events in their local communities.

Meanwhile, the ILGWU was becoming increasingly involved in domestic partisan politics and international affairs. The ILGWU became a key stakeholder and major financial contributor to the American Labor Party and later the Liberal Party of New York, before finally aligning with the Democratic Party in the 1960s. By 1962, John F. Kennedy was on hand to ceremoniously open the ILGWU’s cooperative housing at Penn Station South, and in 1964, Lyndon B. Johnson gave a speech to observe the 50th anniversary of the Union Health Center’s opening. In addition, the ILGWU’s Legislative and Political Department, under the longtime direction of Evelyn Dubrow, participated in many and legislative and electoral efforts, with local unions also coordinating activities on the municipal and state levels. A wide range of ILGWU officers presented testimony on a variety of topics relating to trade, workplace conditions, and other labor issues before the U.S. Congress.

On the international scene, in the years leading up to the United States’ involvement in World War II, the ILGWU collaborated with other labor organizations, such as the Jewish Labor Committee and the Italian-American Labor Council, to oppose the rise of fascism and Hitler in Europe; and in the post-war period, under David Dubinsky’s intensely anti-communist leadership, the ILGWU worked closely with AFL leadership to provide material aid to those in war-ravaged Europe and establish non-Communist unions in the region in decolonizing countries.

Nevertheless, over the course of its history, the ILGWU’s international leadership was consistently criticized as non-representative of the union membership. In the union’s early years, this disparity was primarily gendered; a disproportionate number of men rose from the powerful local unions in New York City to hold office of a union whose membership was overwhelmingly female. As the racial demographics of the union changed, especially in the post-war period, the relative absence of union leaders who had risen from the ranks of more recent immigrant members earned the union critics, among them the NAACP. The ILGWU’s reputation as a progressive force in American organized labor was further tarnished by the divisive issue of the right of union staff to organize. Though clerical workers of the ILGWU were organized as part of the Office Employees International Union (OEIU), the ILGWU, and especially David Dubinsky, came under criticism for the treatment of union staff who sought to organize themselves, namely the Federation of Union Representatives (FOUR).

In the 1970s and 1980s, the decline of the United States garment manufacturing industry accelerated. Efforts to stem this decline included the ILGWU’s aggressive campaign to educate American consumers of the importance of buying products bearing the Union Label, testimony before Congressional committees on the effects of imports on garment workers in the United States, and increased collaboration with international federations of clothing workers unions. These conditions, compounded by the controversial issue of regulating homework, posed serious challenges to the union. One response was designed and executed at the local union level, and then expanded for the national membership; from 1983 to 1995, the Immigration Project represented and advised individuals on immigration, naturalization, and amnesty matters, the first such program of this kind established by an American union. Another response was to engage and help in the growth of workers’ centers in the United States and more actively engage with organizing efforts outside of the United States.

By the mid-1990s, however, the strategy for responding to the United States’ declining women’s garment manufacturing industry was to merge with the union that had represented workers in the men’s garment manufacturing industry, the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU). At a joint convention in 1995, the two unions merged to form the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). Now under the leadership of President Jay Mazur, the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU Records, 1884-2006, bulk 1923-1995., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Martin P. Catherwood Library, Cornell University)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Newspapers, 1913-1980, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Broadside collection, 1907-1976, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Local publications, 1914-1975, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. National War Labor Board case files, 1936-1946., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Giustizia (Justice), 1919-1946, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

The ILGWU Archives were established in 1973 and transferred to the Kheel Center in 1987.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Archives Department. Robert Lazar papers, 1890-1985, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

The Research Department of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) supported the administrative operations of the Union. The Research Department was organized to coordinate the ILGWU's investigative operations. It provided Union leaders with information on wages, working conditions, economic conditions, and other matters in the women's garment industry. The Department also collected and housed documents from Union administrative staff that were deemed substantive and of lasting value to the Union, whether produced internally or externally. The information gathered by the Department was of particular value during labor disputes and contract negotiations.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Research Department records, 1945-1995, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Master Agreements. Out-of-Business Contracts, 1941-1994., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Independents. Out-of-Business Contracts, 1943-1995., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Miscellany, 1895-1992, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Joseph Good papers, 1977-1987., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. America's Next Great Designer Award. Scrapbooks, 1968-1982., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Chorus Records and Sheet Music, 1989-2000, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Exhibit display panels, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Muzaffar Chishti was Director of the ILGWU's Immigration Project. After the ILGWU's merger with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union, Chishti served as Director of Immigration Project of the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). Currently, Chishti is the Director of the Migration Policy Institute Office at the New York University School of Law.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Muzaffar Chishti papers, 1991-1995, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Gold Bond certificates, 1928-1935., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Justice index, 1947-1979., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Constitutions and dues books, 1893-1992., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the Triangle Fire Trial Summary and Partial Transcript, November 1911., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

  • 1918: Born, New York City, January 9th
  • 1934: Graduated Townsend Harris Hall High School
  • 1940: LL.B Degree, Brooklyn Law School Married Rosalind Bryon Organizer, ILGWU Local 178, Fall River, Massachusetts
  • 1942: Business Agent, Local 281, Boston and Lowell, Massachusetts
  • 1943: U.S. Air Force
  • 1946: Manager, Local 22, ILGWU, Springfield, Massachusetts Manager, Western Mass. District, Northeast Dept., ILGWU
  • 1955: Director, Lower Southwest Region, ILGWU
  • 1959: Vice-President ILGWU
  • 1965: Vice-President ILGWU
  • 1968: Chairman, American Trade Union Council for Histadrut
  • 1969: Associate Trustee, Long Island Jewish Hillside Medical Center
  • 1973: General Secretary-Treasurer, ILGWU Vice-President, AFL-CIO Industrial Union Dept. Member, Board of Directors, New York Urban Coalition
  • 1975: President, ILGWU Vice-President, AFL-CIO and Member, Executive Council Member, Governor's Task Force on Housing
  • 1976: Delegate to Democratic National Convention National Chairman, Trade Union Council for Histadrut
  • 1977: Labor Representative, Belgrade Conference to Review Helsinki Accord on Human Rights Head of AFL-CIO Delegation to International Labor Summit, London Received Labor Human Rights Award, Jewish Labor Committee
  • 1978: Received Townsend Harris Award Member, U.S. Delegation to Attend Funeral of Prime Minister Golda Meir
  • 1979: Present at Signing of Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty at the White House
  • 1980: Member, U.S. Delegation to ILO Session in Geneva Vice-Chair, N.Y. Convention Center Operating Corp. Member, Board of Trustees, Brandeis University Honorary Degrees from Rutgers University and City University of New York Seconded the Nomination of President Carter, Democratic National Convention Published, A Labor Viewpoint: Another Opinion
  • 1982: Head, AFL-CIO Fact-Finding Mission to South Africa Member, N.Y.S. Governor's Special Transit Advisory Panel
  • 1983: Sol C. Chaikin Chair Established at Brandeis University Addressed AFL-CIO Annual Civil Rights Conference Led Import Rollback Campaign
  • 1985: Hosted ZENSEN Delegation from Japan for Discussions of Apparel and Textile Industries
  • 1986: Retired as President of the ILGWU
  • 1991: Died April 1, 1991 at age 73.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Sol C. Chaikin. The First Year. Presentation volume, 1975-1976., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Pennsylvania records, 1951-1995, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Women's Wear Daily. Scrapbooks, 1977-1985., (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Justicia (Justice), 1933-1991, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

First published by the ILGWU in April 1910, the Ladies' Garment Worker was the official organ of the International and issued monthly in Yiddish, English, and Italian. In 1919, the Ladies' Garment Worker ceased publication and Justice became the official organ of the ILGWU.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Ladies' Garment Worker, 1911-1917, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women’s garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

From the guide to the ILGWU. Association Agreements. Out-of-Business Contracts, 1914-1994, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union was founded in New York City in 1900 by mostly Socialist immigrant workers who sought to unite the various crafts in the growing women's garment industry. The union soon reflected changes in the sector and rapidly organized thousands of unskilled and semi-skilled women, mostly Jewish and Italian young immigrants. Exemplifying the “new unionism,” the ILGWU led two of the most widespread and best-known industrial strikes of the early Twentieth Century: the shirtwaist makers’ strike of 1909 in New York City and the cloak makers’ strike of 1910 in Chicago. The union also tried to adapt to the fragmented and unstable nature of the industry. It adopted the “protocol of peace,” a system of industrial relations that attempted to ensure stability and limit strikes and production disruption by providing for an arbitration system to resolve disputes.

The ILGWU exemplified the European-style social unionism of its founding members. They pursued bread and butter issues but provided educational opportunities, benefits, and social programs to union members as well. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers. The ILGWU also pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but also a resort for union workers, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in citizenship and the English language.

David Dubinsky, an immigrant from Belarus who came to the US in 1911, provided strong leadership that led to unprecedented growth in the union during his presidency from 1932 to 1966. He led the union through successful internal anti-communist struggles, built on the ascendancy of industrial unionism by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization, and helped the union become an important political force in New York City and state politics, and in the national Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well.

In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership as manufacturers avoided unionization and took advantage of less expensive labor by moving shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south, and later abroad. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans, African- Americans, and immigrants from the Caribbean.

In July 1995 the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) at a joint convention, forming UNITE (Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees). At the time the new union had a membership of about 250,000 in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico.

"Permanent deposit"

From the guide to the ILGWU. American Labor Party news article scrapbook., 1937-1941, (Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Cornell University Library)

The ILGWU Archives were established in 1973 and transferred to the Kheel Center in 1987.

From the description of ILGWU. Archives Department. Robert Lazar papers, 1890-1985. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 64059162

Summary: Contains photograph albums presented to David Dubinsky, as well as photograph albums featuring David Dubinsky between 1945 and 1967. Several albums document Dubinsky's international travels, as well as his participation in events in the United States.

From the description of ILGWU. David Dubinsky photographs, 1945-1967. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 556498217

Myrtle Banks was born in North Little Rock, Arkansas in 1919, and in 1946, began work in California's garment industry, and became a member of in the Dressmakers' Union Local 101 in San Francisco. In 1961, after fifteen years working as a garment worker and, for a time, serving as shop steward at Koret of California in San Francisco, Myrtle Banks became a business agent with the ILGWU. In 1984, Banks retired from her position as business representative in the Pacific Northwest District Council. Throughout her career, she served as Chair of the Alameda County Chapter of the A. Philip Randolph Institute, Vice President of the Alameda County Civil Service Commission, and Trustee of the San Francisco Joint Board.

From the description of ILGWU. Myrtle Banks. Photographs. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 662600009

WFDR-FM was a non-profit radio station in New York City, owned by the ILGWU. The radio station was in operation from 1949 to 1952.

From the description of ILGWU. Memorabilia. WFDR-FM Inaugural Broadcast Program, 1949. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 710844490

These papers are in English, Yiddish, Spanish and Italian.

From the description of Stark, Edward, Collector. International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU). Papers. 1959-1974. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 223826255

Alan Howard was Assistant to the President of the ILGWU.

From the description of ILGWU. Alan Howard papers, 1970-1997. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 467829474

Myrtle Banks was born in North Little Rock, Arkansas in 1919, and in 1946, began work in California's garment industry, and became a member of in the Dressmakers' Union Local 101 in San Francisco. In 1961, after fifteen years working as a garment worker and, for a time, serving as shop steward at Koret of California in San Francisco, Myrtle Banks became a business agent with the ILGWU. In 1984, Banks retired from her position as business representative in the Pacific Northwest District Council. Throughout her career, she served as Chair of the Alameda County Chapter of the A. Philip Randolph Institute, Vice President of the Alameda County Civil Service Commission, and Trustee of the San Francisco Joint Board.

From the description of ILGWU. Myrtle Banks. Memorabilia. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 663088552

Irwin Solomon was born April 22nd, 1926, in Crown Heights, Brooklyn. In 1947, Solomon became auditor of the ILGWU. For a period, he worked as financial secretary of the Philadelphia Joint Board, then as manager of Local 190 in Philadelphia, and then as manager of the Philadelphia Joint Board. From 1983 to 1986, Solomon was Executive Vice President of the ILGWU. From 1986 until his retirement in 1995, Solomon served as Secretary-Treasurer of the ILGWU. Before retiring, he was involved in negotiating the 1995 merger of the ILGWU with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union to create Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE).

From the description of ILGWU. Irwin Solomon papers, 1965-1998. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 237190595

Leon Stein was born in Baltimore and raised in New York City. After graduating from City College of New York in 1934, he worked as a cutter and patternmaker. In 1939, Stein began writing for Justice, the official organ of the ILGWU, and in 1952 he became its editor. In 1962, he published The Triangle Fire, an account of the March 25, 1911 fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company that killed 146 people. He edited Justice until his retirement in 1977, the same year he published Out of the Sweatshop. He died at the age of 78, in Cranbury, New Jersey on February 13, 1990.

From the description of ILGWU. Leon Stein collection, 1911-1977. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 239609825

The Research Department of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) supported the administrative operations of the Union. The Research Department was organized to coordinate the ILGWU's investigative operations. It provided Union leaders with information on wages, working conditions, economic conditions, and other matters in the women's garment industry. The Department also collected and housed documents from Union administrative staff that were deemed substantive and of lasting value to the Union, whether produced internally or externally. The information gathered by the Department was of particular value during labor disputes and contract negotiations.

From the description of ILGWU. Research Department records, 1945-1995. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 489673871

In 1981, Susan Cowell began working with the ILGWU as a staff member in the Department of Organization and Field Services, designing and conducting surveys and questionnaires and organizing Korean garment workers. In September 1982, she became Assistant to the Manager of Local 23-25 Jay Mazur, and beginning in 1983, when Mazur became General Secretary-Treasurer, Cowell served as Assistant to the General Secretary-Treasurer. In 1986, Cowell was Executive Assistant to the President of the ILGWU, and the next year, she was elected Vice President of the union, a position she held until the merger of the ILGWU with ACTWU to form UNITE in 1995. Prior to working for the ILGWU, Cowell worked as consultant, free-lance writer and editor, and teacher. She holds degrees from Brown University, Harvard University, and Yale University.

From the description of ILGWU. Susan Cowell papers, 1923-2002. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 467828986

"Permanent deposit"

From the description of ILGWU. American Labor Party news article scrapbook. 1937-1941. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 191049196

Wilbur Daniels was born in Detroit in 1922. Daniels held several offices in the ILGWU over more than 40 years, including Research Association and Assistant Director of Research (1943-1950), Associate General Counsel in the Legal Department (1950-1959), Assistant to the President (1959-1961), Director of the Master Agreements Department (1965-1969?), Vice President (1969-1973), and Executive Vice-President (1973-1987). After leaving the ILGWU in 1987, Daniels was Executive Director of the S.H. and Helen R. Scheuer Foundation. He remained involved in New York City civic life, serving on the boards of the Lincoln Center, United Housing Foundation, New York Urban Coalition, and American Arbitration Association. He died in New York City in 1993.

From the description of ILGWU. Wilbur Daniels papers, 1937-1987. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 63906798

"Permanent deposit"

Archives of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) which document the history of the most significant labor union representing workers in the women's garment industry in the United States and Canada.

The ILGWU was founded in New York City in 1900 by Jewish, Italian, and some Scots-Irish and Irish immigrants. The Union sought to unite the various crafts in its rapidly growing industry to increase their mutual strength. There was early resistance to the ILGWU from the garment manufacturers with whom they collectively bargained. There were also challenges to the Union's domination of the trade by the Industrial Workers of the World and by Daniel DeLeon's Socialist Trades and Labor Alliance.

By 1917, the ILGWU had defeated its rivals. Through a combination of militant and impassioned work stoppages lead by its more radical members and vigorous organizing and negotiation, the Union had also consolidated its power, greatly improved working conditions for its members and created the mechanism for arbitrating disputes and grievances under a labor-management agreement known as the Protocol of Peace. In 1919, the ILGWU became the first American union to negotiate an unemployment compensation fund that was contributed to by its employers.

The momentum of the previous two decades, however, was nearly lost to politically inspired intraunion warfare in the 1920's. Under its newly elected President Morris Sigman, the Union's General Executive Board disbanded left-wing groups within the Union in 1923, charging that they were communist cells. The radicals within the Union formed the Joint Action Committee to coordinate their battle with the parent Union. The issue came to a head in 1926 during a bitter and costly Cloakmaker's strike. Mismanaged by the communist leadership in the local, the strike plunged the International eight hundred thousand dollars into debt. The chaos caused by the strike and the subsequent expulsion of communists from the Union, left it greatly weakened. Sigman resigned in 1928 and was succeeded by Benjamin Schlesinger, who had previously lead the Union between 1914-1923. He remained as President until a fatal illness forced him to resign in 1932.

Despite the political turmoil during the 1920's, the ILGWU pioneered in the establishment of an extremely progressive health care program for its members which included not only regional Union Health Centers but the establishment of a resort for union workers first located in Massachusetts, later in the Pocono Mountains of Pennsylvania, known as Unity House. The Union also had an imaginative and pioneering Education Department which not only trained workers in traditional union techniques, but provided courses in continuation education in such basic skills as citizenship and the English language. The ILGWU also offered its members a forum for their social activities--sponsoring such activities as sports teams and even a mandolin orchestra.

In 1932, David Dubinsky was elected President of the ILGWU. Dubinsky and the ILGWU (then 200,00 strong) were to play an important role in fostering industrial unionism in the United States by encouraging the formation of the Committee for Industrial Organization. The Union would be an important political force in New York City and State politics and in the Democratic Party and Liberal Party as well. Dubinsky and his union were also instrumental in the decade-long effort to bring the plight of European Jews suffering under Nazi persecution to the attention of the world through the efforts of the Jewish Labor Committee. The ILGWU leadership included a number of significant figures in labor history in addition to Dubinsky. Among these were former presidents Benjamin Schlesinger, Morris Sigman, Louis Stulberg, and Sol Chaiken. The names of many of the union's other officials such as Luigi Antonini, Charles Zimmerman, Rose Pesotta, Frederick F. Umhey, Julius Hochman, Fannia M. Cohn, Isidore Nagler, Gus Tyler, and Leon Stein, are also well known to historians. In the period following the Second World War, the union suffered a decline in membership due to the movement of shops from the urban centers in the northeast to the south to avoid unionization and to take advantage of less expensive labor. The ethnic and racial character of the ILGWU also changed as European immigrants were supplanted by Asians, Latin Americans and immigrants from the Caribbean.

The Union's African-American membership was also to greatly grow during this period. In recent years, despite vigorous efforts by union activists to limit such activities, garment manufacturers were to export their manufacturing abroad, taking advantage of cheap third world labor supplies and further cutting the membership base of the union.

From the description of International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union records 1906-1985, 1923-1984 (bulk). (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 64755600

Local 89 of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU), also known as the Italian Dressmakers' Union, was chartered in 1919 and based in New York, New York. Luigi Antonini, garment worker, labor and political leader, and official of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union.

Luigi Antonini was born in Vallata Irpina, Italy, in 1883. After serving in the Italian army, he emigrated to the United States in 1908. He joined the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) in 1913, and was elected to the executive board of Local 25 the following year. A skilled organizer and leader, he was voted a vice president of the ILGWU in 1925, and became First Vice-President in 1934, a position he held for over thirty years.

Antonini was a founding member of the Anti-Fascist Alliance and president of the Italian-American Labor Council. He was also chairman of the American Labor Party and was one of the founders of the Liberal Party of New York. He served on a number of boards and advisory commissions, public and private, during World War II. Antonini remained active in union and political matters until his death in 1968.

From the description of ILGWU. Local 89. Luigi Antonini correspondence, 1919-1968. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 64750604

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995.

From the description of ILGWU. Justice photographs, 1900-1991. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 701235533

The ILGWU Archives were established in 1973 and transferred to the Kheel Center in 1987.

From the description of ILGWU. Archives Department. collected publications, 1895-1987. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 748341342

The International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union organized in 1900 and reached a height of 450,000 members in the 1960s. In 1995, it merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union to create UNITE, a needle trades union of 300,000 members.

From the description of International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union collection, 1937-1968. (Pennsylvania State University Libraries). WorldCat record id: 740478132

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the description of ILGWU. Justice index, 1947-1979. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 64059016

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the description of ILGWU. Gerechtigkeit (Justice), 1919-1957. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 239645691

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the description of ILGWU. Justicia (Justice), 1933-1991. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 556496618

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995.

From the description of ILGWU. Justice, 1975-1995. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 701295344

Muzaffar Chishti was Director of the ILGWU's Immigration Project. After the ILGWU's merger with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union, Chishti served as Director of Immigration Project of the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). Currently, Chishti is the Director of the Migration Policy Institute Office at the New York University School of Law.

From the description of ILGWU. Muzaffar Chishti papers, 1991-1995. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 649823514

First published by the ILGWU in April 1910, the Ladies' Garment Worker was the official organ of the International and issued monthly in Yiddish, English, and Italian. In 1919, the Ladies' Garment Worker ceased publication and Justice became the official organ of the ILGWU.

From the description of ILGWU. Ladies' Garment Worker, 1911-1917. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 239617451

"Permanent deposit."

From the description of International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU). Justice, 1919-1982. Microfilm. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 239644595

Martin Berger was born in New York City in 1929. A graduate of the ILGWU Training Institute, Berger worked as clerk of Local 62 (1947-1950) and Organizer (1951-1952) and Business Agent (1952-1958) in the Southwest Region, before becoming Manager of the Southern Missouri District Council of the Central States Region and, later, Manager of the Upstate New York and Vermont District Council. Working for the ILGWU, he served as National Director of Associate Membership and Union Privilege Benefits, as well as Assistant Director of the Northeast, Western Pennsylvania, and Ohio Department. In 1987, with Berger's leadership, the Garment Workers Justice Center opened in New York City. After the ILGWU merged with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers of America to form the Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE), Berger continued work with the new union. He died in 2006.

From the description of ILGWU. Martin Berger papers, 1948-2006. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 190797845

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the description of ILGWU. Giustizia (Justice), 1950-1970. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 556496601

"Permanent deposit"

From the description of International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU). International Relations Department. Publications. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 496565399

"Permanent deposit"

From the description of International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept., Biography files. Pt.3. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 64059138

Evelyn Dubrow was born in Passaic, New Jersey, in 1911. A graduate of New York University, Dubrow worked as a report for The Morning Call (Patterson, N.J.) and Secretary of the New Jersey organization of the American Newspaper Guild from 1943 to 1946, before becoming Educational Director for the Textile Workers Union of American in New Jersey. In 1949, she became New York State Director for Americans for Democratic Action. In 1956, she was named the ILGWU's chief lobbyist in Washington, D.C. Dubrow worked as Legislative Representative and Executive Secretary of the Political Department of the ILGWU, and continued her work after the union's merger with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers of America to create the Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees (UNITE). Dubrow died in Washington D.C., in 2006.

From the description of ILGWU. Political/Legislative Department. Evelyn Dubrow papers, 1985-1994. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 64058949

"Permanent deposit"

From the description of International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept., Biography files. Pt. 2. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 64059135

Justice was the official organ of the ILGWU from 1919 to 1995. Editions of Justice were published in English, Italian, Spanish, and Yiddish. When compared side by side, the content of some of these different editions of Justice shows significant differences.

From the description of ILGWU. Giustizia (Justice), 1919-1946. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 239646004

Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. ACWA's Sidney Hillman Foundation Records. 1955-1974. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 25. L'Operaia, 1913-1919. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Sigman, Morris, 1880-1931. Morris (Max) Sigman. Transcript of criminal trial, 1915. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. ACTWU's Cotton Garment Control Department Records. 1955-1978. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Women and Work collection, 1978. Yale University Library
referencedIn Levine, Louis. Louis Levine's - Women's Garment Workers manuscript, 1924. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Local publications, 1914-1975 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Starr, Mark. Starr, Mark. Papers, 1951. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Archives Department. Robert Lazar papers, 1890-1985. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Bendiner, Robert. Papers, 1934-1988. Wisconsin Historical Society, Newspaper Project
referencedIn Hotel Employees & Restaurant Employees International Union. Hotel Employees & Restaurant Employees International Union (HERE). Editor's files, 1973-1991. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Lambert, George, 1913-1974. George and Latane Lambert papers, 1935-1974. University of Texas at Arlington, Central Library
referencedIn ACWA's Sidney Hillman Foundation Records, 1955-1974 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf ILGWU. Master Agreements. Out-of-Business Contracts, 1941-1994. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. David Dubinsky Foundation records, 1949-1978 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Education Department. Jasper Peyton papers, 1963-1982 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Southeast Region. ILGWU. Southeast Region records, 1937-1970. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). Alan Howard. Assistant to the President. Files. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Hourwich, Isaac A. (Isaac Aaronovich), 1860-1924. Isaac A. Hourwich. Collection, 1897-1917. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies Garment Workers Union. Benjamin Schlesinger, President. Records, 1914-1923. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ACTWU's Operations Department's Records on the Sidney Hillman Awards, 1947-1999 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 9 (New York, N.Y.). ILGWU. Local 9. Executive Board and Grievance Committee photographs, 1914-1944. Cornell University Library
creatorOf AFSCME. Song-sheets and song-books used by labor organizations. Churchill County Museum
referencedIn Chaikin, Sol C. ILGWU. Sol Chaikin audio-visual materials, 1972-1986. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Goldman, Harry M. Pins & Needles, and Oral History by Harry M. Goldman. 1977. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACWA's Rochester Joint Board Records, 1922-1976 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Research Department reports, 1938-1985. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Nagler, Isidore, 1895-. ILGWU. Local 10. Manager's correspondence, 1942-1968. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Women's Wear Daily. Scrapbooks, 1977-1985. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Dubinsky, David, 1892-1982. International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. David Dubinsky, Memorabilia. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Education Department. Beverly Shulman papers, 1972-1991. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Barkin, Solomon, 1907-. Reminiscences of Solomon Barkin : oral history, 1960. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn New Theatre League records, 1935-1942 New York Public Library. Manuscripts and Archives Division
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Memorabilia. WFDR-FM Inaugural Broadcast Program, 1949. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 89 minutes, 1919-1968. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Office of Corporate and Financial Affairs. Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees (UNITE). Office of Corporate and Financial Affairs. Audiovisual materials, 1987-1996. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Photographs. Glass Plates. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Union Health Center records, 1911-1977. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Miscellany, 1895-1992. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. San Francisco Joint Board. ILGWU. San Francisco Joint Board records, 1930-1969. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Workers' Education Bureau of America. Workers' Education Bureau of America records, 1921-1951. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Archives Department. Robert Lazar papers, 1890-1985 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. UNITE! Photographs, 1995- Cornell University Library
creatorOf Unity House. ILGWU. Unity House memorabilia. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Guide to the Communist Party of the United States of America Records, 1892-2009 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn ACWA's Union Label Department Records, 1931-1975 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn New York (N.Y.) Mayor's Council of Conciliation in the Cloak and Suit Industry. New York City. Mayor's Council of Conciliation, Cloak, Suit, and Skirt Industry, 1915-1916. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 22 (New York, N.Y.). ILGWU. Local 22 minutes, 1932-1972. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. James Lipsig papers, 1921-1978. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn WITH THESE HANDS National Archives at College Park
creatorOf ILGWU. Alan Howard papers, 1970-1997. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn United Textile Workers of America. Secretary-Treasurer's correspondence, 1946-1952. Georgia State University
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Assistant President. ILGWU. Gus Tyler papers, 1956-1996. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Photographs. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Kemp, Maida Springer, 1910-. Oral history interview with Maida Springer Kemp, 1977. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. ILGWU. Research Department. United States NIRA hearing records, 1933-1937. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. General Executive Board minutes. Microfilm, 1900-1975 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn AFL-CIO Internal Disputes Plan Decisions of the Impartial Umpire, 1964-1976. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept. ILGWU. Communications Department records, 1936-2001. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Jacob Pat Papers, Bulk, 1944-1960, 1935-1978, (Bulk 1944-1960) Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn Guide to the New Yorkers at Work Oral History Collection, 1979-2000 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn Guide to the Rutgers Grass Roots - Progressive Activist Files, 1921-1993; 1979-1993 (bulk) Rutgers Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Political Dept. ILGWU. Political Department records, 1962-1983. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Gold Bond certificates, 1928-1935. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Papers of Frieda S. Miller, 1909-1973 (inclusive), 1929-1967 (bulk) Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn ILGWU. Cleveland office records, 1914-1921 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Chaikin, Sol C. ILGWU. Sol Chaikin photographs, 1940-1989. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. [Constitutions, agreements, etc.] Wisconsin historical society
referencedIn Dubrow, Evelyn. Evelyn Dubrow papers. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Toronto Dressmakers Joint Council and Toronto Cloak Joint Board records, 1928-1972. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Schlesinger, Emil. Emil Schlesinger, Collection, 1947-1968. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Schaffer, Joel. Joel Schaffer, Collector. Clara Lemlich Shavelson, Audiocassettes. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. New York Cloak Joint Board. ILGWU. Joint Board of the Dress and Waistmakers' Union of Greater New York. Managers' correspondence, 1909-1978. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. UNITE. Accounting Department. Contractors, 1957-2003. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Cotton Garment Control Department Memorabilia, 1955-1974 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Gerald Hirschfeld "With These Hands". Audio-Visual. 1950. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Rose Schneiderman Papers, Bulk, 1909-1920, 1909-1964, (Bulk 1909-1920) Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Political Department Records, 1962-1983. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Organizing Department. Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees (UNITE). Organizing Department, files, 1994-2000. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Southeast Region records, 1937-1970. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Laundry, Dry Cleaning, and Dye House Workers' International Union. Laundry, Dry Cleaning, and Dye House Workers' International Union. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Guide to the Daniel Nilva Papers, undated Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
creatorOf ILGWU. Susan Cowell papers, 1923-2002 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. David Dubinsky memorabilia. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Stenzor, Isidor. Isidor Stenzor, Collection. Collected documents, 1922-1977. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. A presentation of 65th anniversary convention [art reproduction] : Miami Beach, May 1965 / I.L.G.W.U. Greenfield Community College, Nahman-Watson Library
referencedIn Angela Bambace Papers, 1930-1976 University of Minnesota Libraries. Immigration History Research Center [ihrc]
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Boston Joint Board. ILGWU. Boston Joint Board Photographs. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. ACTWU's Engineering Department Records, 1947-2000. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. National War Labor Board case files, 1936-1946. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Midwest Region. International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Midwest Region, Files, 1970-1995. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Montreal Joint Council minutes, 1936-1963 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Boston Joint Board. UNITE. Boston Joint Board. Audio-Visual Materials. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Educational Dept. Executive Secretary. ILGWU. Education Department. Fannia Cohn photographs, 1920-1960. Cornell University Library
creatorOf Juehring, Viola, 1904-. Oral history interview with Viola Juehring in Clinton, Iowa, 1982 July 08 [microform] / conducted by Merle O. Davis. Iowa State Historical Society
referencedIn ACTWU's International Affairs Department Records, 1976-1984 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 22 (New York, N.Y.). Education Dept. ILGWU. Local 22. Education Department photographs, 1939-1970. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACWA's Buttonhole Makers Local 50 Tribute to President Kennedy, 1963 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU). Publications. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Research Department's Industrial Union Department Company Records, 1956-1989 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Susan Cowell papers, 1923-2002. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladie's Garment Workers' Union. Historical Garment Workers. Photographs from Socialist Call. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Yivo archives - Interviews in Amerikaner, Yiddishe Geschichte Bel-Pe, 1963-1964. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Justice index, 1947-1979. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Legal Department Records, 1942-1995 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf ILGWU. Unpublished Union Histories, 1911-1971. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Papers of Elizabeth Glendower Evans, 1859-1944 (inclusive), 1882-1944 (bulk) Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Sol C. Chaikin. The First Year. Presentation volume, 1975-1976. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Federal Knitting Mills Company records, 1907-1939. Western Reserve Historical Society, Research Library
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referencedIn Women and Work Collection, 1978 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
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referencedIn Colon, George. George Colon. ILGWU Labor Art. Photographs. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Newman, Pauline, ca. 1890-1986. Papers, 1900-1980 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 190 minutes, 1938-1979. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Toronto Dressmakers Joint Council and Toronto Cloak Joint Board records, 1928-1972. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Giustizia (Justice), 1919-1946 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Local 89. Luigi Antonini correspondence, 1919-1968. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Schneiderman, Rose, 1882-1972. Papers, 1909-1964 (bulk 1909-1920). New-York Historical Society
referencedIn Papers, 1942-1981 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Bambace, Angela, 1898-1975. Angela Bambace Papers, 1930-1976. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
referencedIn United Textile Workers of America. President's correspondence, 1937-1957. Georgia State University
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. General Exectutive Board. ACTWU's General Executive Board (GEB) Records. 1916-1988. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Stein, Leon, 1912-. ILGWU. Leon Stein papers. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Scrapbooks, 1910-1958. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Unification Committee Records, 1995 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. General Executive Board. Appeal Committee cases, 1926-1983. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn Amalgamated Ladies' Garment Cutters' Union. ILGWU. Local 10 membership record books, 1911-1916. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Paintings, photographs, and memorabilia, 1952-1979. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Rieve-Pollock Foundation Records, 1935-1996 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Convention records, 1977-1992. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Association contracts, 1916-1994. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Rose Pesotta papers, 1922-1965 New York Public Library. Manuscripts and Archives Division
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Auditing Dept. ILGWU. Auditing Department publications, 1935-1994. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Gold Bond certificates, 1928-1932. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Montreal locals minutes, 1936-1974. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Legal Department records, 1958-1980 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. UNITE Research, 1930-1994. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Organizing Dept. ILGWU. Organizing Department records, 1979-1989. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Mary Jane Miller. Texas Woman's University Library, Mary Evelyn Blagg-Huey Library
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Legislative and Political Dept. ACTWU's Legislative and Political Department Records. 1947-1993. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 1 (New York, N.Y.). New York City. Coat and Suit Industry. Board of Arbitration and Board of Grievances meeting minutes, 1913-1922. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Memorabilia. WFDR-FM Inaugural Broadcast Program, 1949. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Union Label Dept. ACWA's Union Label Department Records. 1931-1975. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Abraham Goldwasser papers, 1970-1997. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. ACTWU's Research Department Records. 1914-1995. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Research Department collected documents, 1907-1948 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Guide to the Daniel Bell Research Files on U.S. Communism, Socialism, and the Labor Movement, 1886-1980 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Collective Bargaining Agreements. Microfilm. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Dressmakers Joint Board clippings, 1933. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Myrtle Banks. Memorabilia. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf ILGWU. Giustizia (Justice), 1950-1970 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Connecticut Workers and Technology Project. Collection of oral histories conducted by Connecticut Workers & Technology Project, 1981-1982. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn ILGWU. Local 62 correspondence, 1913-1976 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Lieberman, Elias, b. 1888. Lieberman, Elias. Manuscripts. Cornell University Library
referencedIn National Institute of Labor Education. Series 6. Mental Health Project files, 1959-1966. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Local 284. ACWA Local 284 Records, 1947-1959. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn ACTWU's Subject Records, 1925-1995 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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creatorOf ILGWU. Exhibit display panels Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn ILGWU. Archives Department records, 1900-1987 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Joseph Good papers, 1977-1987. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 262 minutes, 1943-1970. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Mitch Miller Papers on Anarchism and Libertarianism, Bulk, 1970-2008, 1916-2010 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Miscellany, 1904-1986. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Cole, David Lawrence, 1902-1977. David Lawrence Cole series 4, subseries 1. General case files, 1946-1977. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Office and Professional Employees International Union. Local 21 (Atlanta, Ga.). Local 21 (Atlanta, Ga.) records, 1958-1979. Georgia State University
referencedIn ILGWU. Union Health Center publications, 1915-1986 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Textiles Marketing Publications Collection, 1883-1979 North Carolina State University. Special Collections Research Center
referencedIn Schaffer, Joel. Joel Schaffer, Collector. Clara Lemlich Shavelson files. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Unity House. ILGWU. Unity House audio-visual materials. Cornell University Library
creatorOf Oltmanns, Alice, 1913-. Oral history interview with Alice Oltmanns in Clinton, Iowa, 1982 June 28 [microform] / conducted by Merle O. Davis. Iowa State Historical Society
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Quebec Joint Council (Québec, Québec (Province)). ILGWU. Quebec Joint Council records, 1962-1987. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Research Department records, 1884-1948. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. ACTWU's Locals Records. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Herstein, Lillian,. Oral history interview with Lillian Herstein, 1970-1971. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Correspondence with Marian Anderson, 1965-1970. University of Pennsylvania Libraries, Van Pelt Library
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Ladies' Garment Worker, 1911-1917. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Rose Pesotta. Papers, 1919-1961. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Training Institute evaluation forms, 1951-1965. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 62 (New York, N.Y.). ILGWU. Local 62 records, 1913-1971. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Abelson, Paul, 1878-1953. Paul Abelson. Files, 1912-1915. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Hillquit, Morris, 1869-1933. Papers, 1886-1944. Wisconsin Historical Society, Newspaper Project
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referencedIn Guide to the Josephine Colby Papers, 1912-1933 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Wilbur Daniels papers, 1977-1985. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ACTWU's Sander Genis Papers, 1916-1980 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Muzaffar Chishti papers, 1991-1995. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Lang, Charles. Papers, 1947-1972. Wayne State University
referencedIn Textile Workers Union of America. TWUA's Executive Council Minutes, 1973-1976. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Central Pennsylvania District records, 1956-1985 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Photographs and ad boards. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Peyton, Jasper. ILGWU. Education Department. Jasper Peyton papers, 1963-1982. Cornell University Library
referencedIn United States. Dept. of Labor. United States. Dept. of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Collective Bargaining Agreements, 1958-1975. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Pacific Street Films. Photographs, 1919-1980. Churchill County Museum
referencedIn ACTWU's Southern Regional Joint Board Records, 1989-1997 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Chicago Joint Board. Scrapbook of Morris A. Goldstein, Secretary-Treasurer of Joint Board. 1930s-1940s. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Justice index, 1947-1979. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Kornfeld, Ernest. Ernest Kornfeld papers, 1920-1935. Pennsylvania State University Libraries
referencedIn Newman, Pauline. Pauline M. Newman, autobiography, 1969. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Joint Board shop lists, 1924-1954 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn ILGWU. Research Department records, 1907-1980 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. ILGWU. Research Department reports, 1938-1985. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Daniels, Wilbur, 1923-. ILGWU. Wilbur Daniels papers, 1967-1973. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. President's Office. ILGWU. Jay Mazur papers, 1951-1995, bulk 1983-1995. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Scrapbooks, 1910-1958. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Oral History of the American Left. Interviews by filmmakers. Oral histories, 1976-1981. Churchill County Museum
referencedIn Gross, Maurice. ILGWU. Maurice Gross photographs. Cornell University Library
creatorOf Triangle Fire Trial Summary and Partial Transcript, November 1911. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 48 records, 1926-1977 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. UNITE Posters. Graphics. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Giustizia (Justice), 1919-1946. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Melman, David. ILGWU. David Melman papers, 1974-1992. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Conventions Records, 1972-1987 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Company files, 1971-1995. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. People v. Benedict Macri. Legal transcripts and scrapbook, 1949-1957. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Rose Pesotta. Audio-visual materials. Cornell University Library
referencedIn United States. National Recovery Administration. National Industrial Recovery Administration (NIRA), Hearing reports, 1934-1944. Cornell University Library
creatorOf New Theatre League records, 1935-1942. New York State Historical Documents Inventory
referencedIn National Committee for Labor Israel Records, 1931-2006, bulk 1964-2006 American Jewish Historical Society
referencedIn ILGWU. New York Cloak Joint Board minutes, 1924-1977. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn ILGWU. Apparel Job Training and Research Corporation records, 1974-1981 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Unification Committee. ACTWU's Unification Committee Records, 1995. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU Communications Department Biography Files, Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. ACTWU's Jacob Sheinkman Records from the Sectretary-Treasurer's and President's Offices. 1970-1996. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Central Pennsylvania District. ILGWU. Central Pennsylvania District photographs. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Unity House records, 1971-1993 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ACTWU's Communications and Public Relations Departments Records, 1951-1985 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf ILGWU. Wilbur Daniels papers, 1937-1987. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 190. ILGWU. Local 190 publications, 1951-1983. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Independents. Out-of-Business Contracts, 1943-1995. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Convention records, 1900-1929 [microform]. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. People v. Benedict Macri. Legal transcripts and scrapbook, 1949-1957. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Desser, A. A. A.A. Desser papers, 1936-1937. New York Public Library System, NYPL
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referencedIn ACTWU's Murray Finley Records from the President's Office, 1970-1987 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Charlotte Graham. Texas Woman's University Library, Mary Evelyn Blagg-Huey Library
referencedIn Federation of Union Representatives. Sedares, Constantine, Collector. Federation of Union Representatives (FOUR) files, 1960-1964. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Tape, 1978. New York State Historical Documents Inventory
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referencedIn ACTWU's Local 169 Records, 1923-2003 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn Fredgrant, Sara, 1900-. Oral history interview with Sara Fredgrant, 1978. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
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referencedIn Textile Workers Union of America. Local 406. TWUA. Local 406. Records. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Hispanic apparel union officers oral history collection [sound recording], 1983-1984. Churchill County Museum
referencedIn ACTWU's Executive Vice-President's Office Records, 1927-1996 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Guide to the Mark Starr Papers, 1912-1980s Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn Desser, Abraham Albert, 1902-1979. Papers, 1925-1973. Dartmouth College Library
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referencedIn Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations (University of Michigan--Wayne State University). Program on Women and Work. Transcripts of oral history project, 1970-1978 (inclusive). Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
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referencedIn Learned Hand papers Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
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referencedIn Marsh, Elizabeth Phillips. The uprising of the twenty thousand : a study of women and trade unionism. Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn ILGWU. New York Cloak Joint Board records, 1926-1973 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Antonini, Luigi, 1883-1968. Luigi Antonini Papers, 1920-1959. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
referencedIn Peterson, Esther, 1906-1997. Papers: Series I-IV, 1884-1998 (inclusive), 1929-1998 (bulk). Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Related collections. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf ILGWU. Ladies' Garment Worker, 1911-1917 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn Amalgamated Ladies' Garment Cutters' Union. ILGWU. Local 10, Dues books, 1903-1915. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Hispanic Apparel Union Officers Oral History Collection, 1983-1984 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
creatorOf ILGWU. Muzaffar Chishti papers, 1991-1995 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn ACTWU's General Executive Board (GEB) Records, 1916-1988 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Governor Smith's Hearings and Arbitration with Various Association records, 1924. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Bambace, Angela, 1898-1975. Papers, 1930-1976. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. ACTWU's Vice-President's Office Records. 1960-1979. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Fuller, Mabel. Mabel Durham Fuller. Interview by Jill Fields. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Crivello, Antonino, 1888-1969. Papers, 1939-1965. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
referencedIn Tyler, Gus. ILGWU. Oral histories, 1966-1985. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. San Francisco Joint Board records, 1930-1969. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 62-32 agreements, 1966-1981. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Dept. ILGWU. Legal Department audio-visual materials, 1976. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Rose Newmark Collection on the ILGWU Musical "Pins and Needles" Cornell University Library
referencedIn Rose Pesotta papers, 1922-1965. New York State Historical Documents Inventory
referencedIn ILGWU. Gus Tyler papers, 1952-1980 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Research Department records, 1921-1983 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf ILGWU. Company files, 1971-1995 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Lipsig, James. ILGWU. James Lipsig papers, 1946-1970. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Lucia, Carmen, 1902-. Oral history interview with Carmen Lucia, 1976. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
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referencedIn Guide to the Daniel Nilva Negatives, 1934-1975 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Newspapers, 1913-1980. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Souvenir programs for theatrical productions, 1906-2005. Harvard Theater Collection, Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Harvard University
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 23-25 records, 1972-1994. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 98 records, 1938-1983. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Arbitration proceedings and Joint Board minutes, 1913-1917. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU Communications Department Biography Files, Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Charles Zimmerman Collection of Radical Pamphlets, 1898-1978. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Peterson, Esther, 1906-1997,. Oral history interview with Esther Peterson, 1977. Wayne State University. Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Pacific Northwest District Council photographs, 1989-1993. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Serafino Romualdi papers, 1936-1967 [bulk 1946-1966]. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf Martin Morand papers. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Copelof, Maxwell, 1879-. Papers, 1940-1954 Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Canadian Area films, 1958-1975. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union related. 75th Anniversary Proclamations from a variety of sources, 1975. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. ACTWU's Textile Division Records. 1945-1985. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Cotton Garment Control Department Records, 1955-1978 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Danish, Max D. Max D. Danish, Collected documents, 1946-1964. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Unity House. ILGWU. Unity House photographs. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Executive Secretary. ILGWU. Frederick Umhey correspondence, 1934-1955. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 226 records, 1946-1973. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Guide to the Charles Solomon Photographs, 1935-1960 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 155 records, 1933-1995 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn The Nation, records, 1879-1974 (inclusive), 1920-1955 (bulk). Houghton Library
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referencedIn Montana, Vanni B. The Shambles: Broken Bridges Over the Seas, by Vanni B. Montana, 1977. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Los Angeles Cloak Joint Board (Los Angeles, (Calif.)). ILGWU. Los Angeles Cloak Joint Board minutes, 1934-1968. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Collective Bargaining Agreements, 1907-2000 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union Printed Ephemera Collection, 1903-2009 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn Guide to the Norman Eiger Papers, 1967-2005, bulk 1980-1992 Rutgers Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Yivo archives - Interviews in Irving Howe Collection, 1968. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. General Secretary-Treasurer. Joseph Schlossberg correspondence, 1930-1940. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf ILGWU. Miscellany, 1904-1986 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn Samuel Chiles Mitchell Papers (#1003), 1861-1948 and undated University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Historical Collection
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referencedIn Organized Labor Awards Banquet Committee. [Organized Labor Awards Banquet Committee records] 1969-2003. Georgia State University
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 190. ILGWU. Local 190 minutes, 1938-1979. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Corrigan, William J., 1886-1961. Papers, 1920-1964. Western Reserve Historical Society, Research Library
referencedIn Schaffer, Joel. Joel Schaffter, Collector. Clara Lemlich Shavelson, photographs. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Research Department. United States NIRA hearing records, 1933-1937. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Midwest Region records, 1911-1996. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 62. Managers' Correspondence, 1941-1981. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Merlin D. Bishop Papers., undated, 1924-1975. Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Center.
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Cleveland Joint Board (Cleveland (Ohio)). ILGWU. Cleveland Joint Board records, 1934-1956. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Education Department Files, 1948-1983 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Rose Schneiderman Papers, Bulk, 1909-1920, 1909-1964 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
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referencedIn Puerto Rican Oral History Project Records, Bulk, 1973-1975, 1960-1984, bulk 1973-1975. Center for Brooklyn History (2020-)
creatorOf ILGWU. Justicia (Justice), 1933-1991 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn Antonino Crivello Papers, 1939-1965 University of Minnesota Libraries. Immigration History Research Center [ihrc]
referencedIn Aliotto, Marie. Garment workers. California State University, Long Beach
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creatorOf ILGWU. America's Next Great Designer Award. Scrapbooks, 1968-1982. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Local 62 records, 1913-1971. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Gore Vidal papers, 1850-2020 (inclusive), 1936-2008 (bulk) Houghton Library
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referencedIn WITH THESE HANDS National Archives at College Park
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creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Banners. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Collective Bargaining Agreements, 1917-1996 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Herman Wolf Papers, undated, 1926-1981. Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Center.
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 155 (New York, N.Y.). ILGWU. Local 155 records, 1971-1972. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Papers of Charlotte Curtis, (inclusive), (bulk), 1928-1987, 1950-1981 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Out of business contracts, 1988-1998. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Legal Department records., 1921-1977 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn ILGWU. Political Department. Evelyn Dubrow papers, 1964-1978 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf ILGWU. Canadian publications, 1936-1984. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn Cloak, Suit and Skirt Manufacturers' Protective Association (New York, N.Y.). New York Coat & Suit Association. Records, 1910-1969. Cornell University Library
creatorOf Vaughn, Irene, 1929-. Oral history interview with Irene Vaughn in Clinton, Iowa, 1991 June 15 [microform] / conducted by Dan Holub. Iowa State Historical Society
referencedIn Gross, Maurice. ILGWU. Maurice Gross memorabilia. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ILGWU. Abraham Rosenberg, Memoirs of a Cloak Maker, 1883-1910. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn Guide to the Tamiment Library Newspapers, 1873-2014 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
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creatorOf Printz-Biederman Company. Records 1914-1957. Western Reserve Historical Society, Research Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Organizing Department Records, 1960-1995 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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referencedIn Workers' Education Bureau of America records, 1921-1951. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). Susan Cowell. Vice President's files, 1995-2001. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Microfiche Collection of Jacob Sheinkman's Speeches, 1949-1992 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Guide to the Reference Center for Marxist Studies Pamphlet Collection, 1900-2004 Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Memorabilia. Cornell University Library
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creatorOf Pins and Needles Collection, 1938-1940 Syracuse University. Library. Special Collections Research Center
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referencedIn ILGWU. Maurice Gross papers, 1948-1982 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Legal Dept. ACTWU's Legal Department Records, 1942-1995. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Records of, Sojourner, (inclusive), (bulk), 1920-2004, 1975-2002 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
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referencedIn General Correspondence, 1933 - 1935 National Archives at Riverside
referencedIn ACWA's Jacob Potofsky Records from the President's Office, 1941-1977 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Unpublished Union Histories, 1911-1971. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. ACWA's Rochester Joint Board Audio-Visual Materials. Cornell University Library
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referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. UNITE. Publications, 1995-2002. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Miscellany, 1895-1992 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Industrial Council of Cloak, Suit, and Skirt Manufacturers. ILGWU. Industrial Council of Cloak, Suit, and Skirt Manufacturers. Current Bulletin and Weekly Market Letter, 1939-1953. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Project files, 1976-1998 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Pat, Jacob, 1890-1966. Papers, 1935-1978 (bulk 1944-1960). Churchill County Museum
referencedIn Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. UNITE. Founding Convention Poster, June 29-30, 1995. Cornell University Library
creatorOf ILGWU. Governor Smith's Hearings and Arbitration with Various Associations records, 1924. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Joint Board of the Dress and Waistmakers' Union of Greater New York. Managers' correspondence, 1909-1978 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
creatorOf ILGWU. Arbitration proceedings and Joint Board minutes, 1913-1917. Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn Elaine Leeder Collection of Rose Pesotta Papers, 1912-1961. Cornell University Library
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Central Pennsylvania District. ILGWU. Central Pennsylvania District records, 1956-1985. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Kazan, Abraham, 1889-1971. Reminiscences of Abraham Kazan : oral history, 1968. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn University of Connecticut, Labor Education Center Records., undated, 1948-1970. Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Center.
referencedIn Sam Reiss Negatives Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
referencedIn International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Dept. ILGWU. Legal Department records, 1919-1982. Cornell University Library
creatorOf International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. ILGWU. Graphics. Cornell University Library
referencedIn Amalgamated Ladies' Garment Cutters' Union. ILGWU. Local 10 minutes, 1901-1996. Cornell University Library
referencedIn ACTWU's Research Department Correspondence Chronological Files, 1978-1995 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
referencedIn ILGWU. Communications Department records, 1936-2001 Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives
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Role Title Holding Repository
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associatedWith A and L Pleating Company, Inc. corporateBody
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associatedWith Acosta, Magda, 1905- person
associatedWith Acosta, Ramon, 1880- person
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associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Communications and Public Relations Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Communications Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union, Education Department corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Engineering Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. General Exectutive Board corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union. Hosiery Division corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. International Affairs Department corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union. Legal Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Legal Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union. Legislative and Political Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Legislative and Political Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union. Local 169 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Office of Corporate and Financial Affairs corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union. Operations Department corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union. Organizing Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Research Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union. Rieve-Pollock Foundation corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers' Union. Textile Division corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Unification Committee. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. Union Label Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, Education Department corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Engineering Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. General Secretary-Treasurer. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Legal Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Local 169 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Local 284 corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Local 50 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Operations Department corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Organizing Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. President. corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Public Relations Department. corporateBody
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associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. Union Label Department corporateBody
associatedWith Amalgamated Clothing Workers Union of America. Local 50 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
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Antonini, Luigi, 1883-1968 person
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associatedWith Hernandez, Julio, 1925- person
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associatedWith Industrial Council of Cloak, Suit, and Skirt Manufacturers. corporateBody
associatedWith Industrial Removal Office corporateBody
associatedWith Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations (University of Michigan--Wayne State University). Program on Women and Work. corporateBody
associatedWith Internatinal Ladies' Garment Workers' Union corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union; Apparel Job Training and Research Corporation. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Archives Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Assistant President corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Assistant President. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Assistant President. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Auditing Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Boston Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Boston Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Central Pennsylvania District. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Chicago Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Chicago Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Cleveland Joint Board (Cleveland (Ohio)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Cleveland Office. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Communications Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. David Dubinsky Foundation. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Dressmakers Joint Board. Local 22. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Educational Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Educational Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Educational Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Educational Dept. Executive Secretary. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Educational Dept. Executive Secretary. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Education Department corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Education Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Education Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Education Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Education Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Executive Secretary. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Executive Secretary. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. General Executive Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. General Executive Board. Appeal Committee. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. General Secretary-Treasurer. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Health and Safety Department. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. International Relations Department. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. International Relations Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Joint Board Cloak, Suit, Skirt, and Reefer Makers' Unions corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Department. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Legal Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 105 (New York, N.Y.). corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 116 (Fort Wayne, Ind.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 117. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 153 corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 153. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 155 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 190 corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 190. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 1 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 205. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 226 corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 22 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 22 (New York, N.Y.). Education Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 22 (New York, N.Y.).Education Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 23-25 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 23-25 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 262 (Montreal (Quebec)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 262 (Montreal (Quebec)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 29 (Boston, Mass.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 303 (Clinton, Iowa) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 315 (Montreal (Quebec)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 315 (Montreal (Quebec)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 35 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 35 (New York, N.Y.). corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 38 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 38 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 40. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 40. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 48 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 48 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 48 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 48 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 48 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 56. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 62-32 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 62 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 66 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 69. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 75 corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 82. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 82. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 89 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 91 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 91 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 98 corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Local 9 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Los Angeles Cloak Joint Board (Los Angeles, (Calif.)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Los Angeles Cloak Joint Board (Los Angeles, (Calif.)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Management-Engineering Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Midwest Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Midwest Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Midwest Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Midwest Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Montreal Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Montreal Joint Board (Montréal (Québec)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Montreal Joint Council (Montréal (Québec)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. New York Cloak Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. New York Cloak Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. New York Cloak Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. New York Dress Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Northeast Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Ohio-Kentucky Region corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Ohio-Kentucky Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Ohio-Kentucky Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Ohio-Kentucky Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Operations Department corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Operations Department corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Operations Department corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Operations Department. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Organizing Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Pacific Northwest District Council corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Political Department corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Political Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Political/Legislative Department corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. President's Office corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. President's Office. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Quebec Joint Council (Québec, Québec (Province)) corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Department corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies Garment Workers Union. Retiree Service Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. San Francisco Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Southeast Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Southeast Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Southeast Region. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Toronto Dressmakers Joint Council and Toronto Cloak Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Training Institute. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Training Institute. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Union Health Center. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Unity House. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Upper South Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Western Massachusetts District. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Western Massachusetts District. corporateBody
associatedWith International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union. Western States Region. corporateBody
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associatedWith New York City Community College. Puerto Rican and Latin Studies Program. corporateBody
associatedWith New York Jobs with Justice. corporateBody
associatedWith New York (N.Y.) Mayor's Council of Conciliation in the Cloak and Suit Industry. corporateBody
associatedWith New York (State). Electoral College corporateBody
associatedWith New York State Federation of Labor corporateBody
associatedWith New York (State). Governor's Advisory Commission, Cloak, Suit and Skirt Industry, New York City. corporateBody
associatedWith New York (State). Office of the Lieutenant Governor (1928-1932 : Lehman) corporateBody
associatedWith Nilva, Daniel. person
associatedWith Noren, Albert. person
associatedWith Norminjil Spts. Corp. corporateBody
associatedWith Norminjil Spts. Corp. corporateBody
associatedWith Norris, George W. 1861-1944. person
associatedWith Noto, Salvatore. person
associatedWith Novik, Morris S., 1903- person
associatedWith Novik, Morris S., 1903- person
associatedWith Nussbaum, Frank. person
associatedWith Nutter, Steven. person
associatedWith Oberbeck, Rita. person
associatedWith Office and Professional Employees International Union. Local 21 (Atlanta, Ga.) corporateBody
associatedWith Oitzer, Harry Louis. person
associatedWith Oliveras, Edna Rosado, 1934 person
associatedWith Oltmanns, Alice, 1913- person
associatedWith Organized Labor Awards Banquet Committee. corporateBody
associatedWith Orsini, Raymond. person
associatedWith Osman, Arthur, person
associatedWith Ostroff, Harold. person
associatedWith O'Toole, Virginia I. person
associatedWith Oviedo, Joe. person
associatedWith Owens, R. person
associatedWith Ozzi, Silvestro. person
associatedWith Pace Setter Swim corporateBody
associatedWith Pace Setter Swin. corporateBody
associatedWith Pacific Coast Labor Bureau corporateBody
associatedWith Pacific Street Films. corporateBody
associatedWith Padron, Lucila person
associatedWith Paladino, Morris. person
associatedWith Palmerton Sportswear corporateBody
associatedWith Palmerton Sportswear. corporateBody
associatedWith Panetta, Rinaldo, b. 1932. person
associatedWith Pangee Dress Company corporateBody
associatedWith Pangee Dress Company. corporateBody
associatedWith Pantano, Frank. person
associatedWith Parente, Enrico. person
associatedWith Parenti, Enrico. person
associatedWith Paris, George, b. 1900. person
associatedWith Parker, Perry person
associatedWith Parker, Perry. person
associatedWith Parrott, James. person
associatedWith Parrott, James. person
associatedWith Parton, James, 1822-1891. person
associatedWith Pastel, Edward. person
associatedWith Pat, Jacob, 1890-1966 person
associatedWith Pat, Jacob, 1890-1966. person
associatedWith PA Trading Corp. corporateBody
associatedWith PA Trading Corp. corporateBody
associatedWith Paul, Sonia. person
associatedWith P.B. Apparel, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith P.B. Apparel, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Peirce, Frank W. person
associatedWith Penn State Belt corporateBody
associatedWith Penn State Belt. corporateBody
associatedWith Pepe, Pauline. person
associatedWith Pereira, Frank M. person
associatedWith Perez, Nick, 1905- person
associatedWith Perkins, Frances, 1880-1965. person
associatedWith Perlstein, Gerald. person
associatedWith Perlstein, Meyer, 1884-1958. person
associatedWith Pesotta, Rose. person
associatedWith Pesotta, Rose. person
associatedWith Pesotta, Rose, 1896- person
associatedWith Pesotta, Rose, 1896- person
associatedWith Pesotta, Rose, 1896- person
associatedWith Pesotta, Rose, 1896-1965. person
associatedWith Pesotta, Rose, 1896-1965. person
associatedWith Pesotta, Rose, b. 1896. person
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associatedWith Peterson, Esther, 1906-1997. person
associatedWith Peterson, Esther, 1906-1997. person
associatedWith Peterson, Esther Eggertsen, 1906-1997 person
associatedWith Peyton, Jasper corporateBody
associatedWith Peyton, Jasper corporateBody
associatedWith Peyton, Jasper. corporateBody
associatedWith Peyton, Jasper E. person
associatedWith Pishko, George. person
associatedWith Plasencia, Gonzalo, 1909- person
associatedWith Pleasant Dress Company, Incorporated corporateBody
associatedWith Pleasant Dress Company, Incorporated. corporateBody
associatedWith Plotkin, Abraham, 1893-1988. person
associatedWith Plotkin, Abraham, 1893-1988. person
associatedWith Pogran, Nathan. person
associatedWith Poirier, Gerard, b. 1913. person
associatedWith Pokodner, Herbert. person
associatedWith Potofsky, Jacob S. 1894-1979. person
associatedWith Powers, Bertram A. person
associatedWith Prastien, Henry. person
associatedWith Pratt, Eloise. person
associatedWith Pratts, Francisco, 1902- person
associatedWith Primack, Meyer. person
associatedWith Printz-Biederman Company. corporateBody
associatedWith Private Label Incorporated corporateBody
associatedWith Private Label Incorporated. corporateBody
associatedWith Produits de Feutre Standard Ltee. corporateBody
associatedWith Produits de Feutre Standard Ltee. corporateBody
associatedWith Proper, Carl. person
associatedWith Proper, Carl. person
associatedWith P. S. Industries, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith P. S. Industries, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Pynkala, Blaine. person
associatedWith Quebec, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Quebec, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Rachelson, Israel. person
associatedWith Ramirez, Encarnation person
associatedWith Ramirez, Julius. person
associatedWith Ramos, Juan, 1908- person
associatedWith Ramos, Maria C. person
associatedWith Ramsorm, Edith. person
associatedWith Randolph, A. Philip 1889-1979. person
associatedWith Raskin, A. H. 1911- person
associatedWith Raskin, A.H. (Abraham Henry), 1911- person
associatedWith Ratchick, Ben. person
associatedWith Rather, Ann Marie. person
associatedWith Raval Lace Company (Canada) Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Raval Lace Company (Canada) Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Read, Lula. person
associatedWith Reference Center for Marxist Studies. corporateBody
associatedWith Reggio Fashions corporateBody
associatedWith Reggio Fashions. corporateBody
associatedWith Reiff, Louis. person
associatedWith Reisch, Sadie. person
associatedWith Reiss, Sam. person
associatedWith Reuther, Walter, 1907-1970. person
associatedWith Riccardi, John. person
associatedWith Riceco, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Riceco, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Rino, Iris. person
associatedWith Rivera, Cecilia, 1903- person
associatedWith Rivera, Monte person
associatedWith Rivera, Pedro person
associatedWith Rivera, Tomas person
associatedWith R & M Freight Forwarders, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith R & M Freight Forwarders, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Robbins, Dan, b. 1910. person
associatedWith Robbins, Lawrence. person
associatedWith Robby Sue Sportswear Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Robby Sue Sportswear Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives. corporateBody
associatedWith Rodriquez, Juana Weber, 1897- person
associatedWith Rodriquez, Maria, 1911- person
associatedWith Rodriquez, Pedro, 1912- person
associatedWith Rodriquez, Ramon, 1902- person
associatedWith Rome, Harold, 1908-1993 person
associatedWith Romney, Edgar. person
associatedWith Romualdi, Serafino person
associatedWith Romualdi, Serafino, 1900-1967. person
associatedWith Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962. person
associatedWith Roosevelt, Franklin D. 1882-1945. person
associatedWith Roosevelt, Franklin D. 1882-1945. person
associatedWith Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945 person
associatedWith Rosado, Roberto person
associatedWith Rosann Fashions Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Rosann Fashions Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Rose, Alex, b. 1898. person
associatedWith Rosenberg, Abraham. person
associatedWith Rosenberg, Abraham. person
associatedWith Rosenberg, Abraham. person
associatedWith Rosenberg, Abraham. person
associatedWith Rosenberg, Edward. person
associatedWith Rosenberg, Rose Newmark. person
associatedWith Rose, Pam E. person
associatedWith Roshco, Abraham. person
associatedWith Ross, William. person
associatedWith Ross, William, b. 1899. person
associatedWith Rotell, Joseph. person
associatedWith Rother, Frank A. person
associatedWith Royal Fashions corporateBody
associatedWith Royal Fashions. corporateBody
associatedWith Royal Silk corporateBody
associatedWith Royal Silk corporateBody
associatedWith Rubien, Gerel. person
associatedWith Rubin, George. person
associatedWith Rubinstein, Seymour. person
associatedWith Ruby International corporateBody
associatedWith Ruby International corporateBody
associatedWith Rudin, Abraham. person
associatedWith Rufer, Harry. person
associatedWith Ruiz, Mr. person
associatedWith Rumelt, Richard P. person
associatedWith Rusk, Dean, 1909-1994. person
associatedWith Russeks Fifth Avenue, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Russo, Philip. person
associatedWith Ruttenberg, Stanley H., 1917- person
associatedWith Saladino, Sam, b. 1907. person
associatedWith Salon de Coiffure Ahuntsic Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Salon de Coiffure Ahuntsic Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Sanchez, Alberto E. person
associatedWith Sander Genis person
associatedWith Sanders, Walter H. person
associatedWith Sandhaus, Samuel. person
associatedWith Sandler, Nathan. person
associatedWith Sanfilippo, Dominick Richard. person
associatedWith Santiago, Georgina, 1890- person
associatedWith Santos, William person
associatedWith Saragat, Giuseppe. person
associatedWith Saragat, Giuseppe. person
associatedWith Saragat, Giuseppe. person
associatedWith Saslaw, Bernard. person
associatedWith Saslaw, Leon. person
associatedWith Sawyer of Napa corporateBody
associatedWith Sawyer of Napa corporateBody
associatedWith Sawyer of Napa/Press corporateBody
associatedWith Sayre Lingerie, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Sayre Lingerie, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Schachtman, Max. person
associatedWith Schaffer, Joel. person
associatedWith Schettini, Fabio. person
associatedWith Schindler, Harry. person
associatedWith Schlesinger, Benjamin, 1876-1932 person
associatedWith Schlesinger, Benjamin, 1876-1932. person
associatedWith Schlesinger, Benjamin, 1876-1932. person
associatedWith Schlesinger, Emil. person
associatedWith Schlesinger, Emil. person
associatedWith Schneider, Abraham. person
associatedWith Schneider, Edward. person
associatedWith Schneiderman, Rose, 1882-1972 person
associatedWith Schneiderman, Rose, 1882-1972 person
associatedWith Schneiderman, Rose, 1882-1972. person
associatedWith Schnitzler, William. person
associatedWith Schoenholtz, Isidore. person
associatedWith Schoenwald, Matthew. person
associatedWith Schukin, David. person
associatedWith Schuster, Mary Goff. person
associatedWith Schuster, Mary Goff. person
associatedWith Schwartz, Harold W. person
associatedWith Schwartz, Leo. person
associatedWith Schwartz, Max. person
associatedWith Schwartz, Sam, b. 1910. person
associatedWith Schwartz, S. Sam. person
associatedWith Schwartz, William, b. 1912. person
associatedWith Schwarztrauber, Ernest Edward, 1884-1950. person
associatedWith Sciuto, Anthony. person
associatedWith Scott, Delroy. person
associatedWith Scott, Harry. person
associatedWith Scott Hoyman person
associatedWith Segal, Bonnie, 1916-1976, person
associatedWith Sepulveda, Ernesto, 1903- person
associatedWith Shane, Bernard. person
associatedWith Shane, Bernard. person
associatedWith Shapiro, Fanny. person
associatedWith Shapiro, Harry, 1897-1971. person
associatedWith Sharp, Edwin R. person
associatedWith Shatnoff, Mac. person
associatedWith Sheinkman, Jacob. person
associatedWith Sherman Manufacturing Company corporateBody
associatedWith Sherman Manufacturing Company. corporateBody
associatedWith Shields Industries Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Shields Industries Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Shindler, Richard, b. 1935. person
associatedWith Ship 'N Shore, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Ship 'N Shore, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Shore, Ray. person
associatedWith Shrog, Nettie Harary. person
associatedWith Shulman, Beverly. person
associatedWith Shulman, Beverly. person
associatedWith Shuster, Mary Goff. person
associatedWith Shuwall Manufacturing Company. corporateBody
associatedWith Sidney Berstein & Son corporateBody
associatedWith Sidney Berstein & Son. corporateBody
associatedWith Sidney Hillman Foundation corporateBody
associatedWith Siegel, Sam, b. 1892. person
associatedWith Siemiller, Paul LeRoy. person
associatedWith Siems, Frederick Rolle, 1915- person
associatedWith Sigman, Morris. person
associatedWith Sigman, Morris, 1880-1931 person
associatedWith Sigman, Morris, 1880-1931. person
associatedWith Silverman, Jennie. person
associatedWith Silverstein, Meyer Rubin. person
associatedWith Simmons Canada, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Simmons Canada, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Simmons, Rafaela, 1903- person
associatedWith Simpson Street Cutting Corporation corporateBody
associatedWith Simpson Street Cutting Corporation. corporateBody
associatedWith Singer, Steven. person
associatedWith Sisko, Frank Edward. person
associatedWith Skaff Manufacturing Company, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Skaff Manufacturing Company, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Slott, Bernard N. person
associatedWith Smith, Alfred Emanuel, 1873-1944 person
associatedWith Smith, Alfred Emanuel, 1873-1944. person
associatedWith Smoler Brothers Wicker Park corporateBody
associatedWith Snow, James F. person
associatedWith Snyder, Carrie M. person
associatedWith Snyder, Michelle person
associatedWith Sofo, Aurturo. person
associatedWith Sohmer, Harry. person
associatedWith Sojourner (Cambridge, Mass.) corporateBody
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associatedWith Sole, Tom. person
associatedWith Solomon, Charles, 1889-1963 person
associatedWith Solomon, Irwin person
associatedWith Solomon, Irwin, b. 1926. person
associatedWith Solomon, Irwin, b. 1926. person
associatedWith Sol Stettin person
associatedWith Solzhenitsyin, Aleksandr. person
associatedWith Songer, Margaret. person
associatedWith Sontz, James. person
associatedWith Sosa, Peter G. person
associatedWith Sparrow Cutting corporateBody
associatedWith Sparrow Cutting. corporateBody
associatedWith Spartan Undies corporateBody
associatedWith Spartan Undies. corporateBody
associatedWith Spindler, Joseph J. person
associatedWith Spring City Knitting Co., Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Spring City Knitting Co., Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Springer, Maida. person
associatedWith Spritzer, Edward. person
associatedWith Stark, Edward. person
associatedWith Starobin, Herman A. person
associatedWith Starr, Mark. person
associatedWith Starr, Mark, 1894- person
associatedWith Starr, Mark, 1894- person
associatedWith State Pleating Company, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith State Pleating Company, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Stean, Josephine. person
associatedWith Stein, Leon, 1912- person
associatedWith Stein, Leon, 1912- person
associatedWith Stein, Leon, 1912- person
associatedWith Stein, Leon, 1912- person
associatedWith Stenzor, Isidor. person
associatedWith Stenzor, Isidor. person
associatedWith Sterling Stall Group corporateBody
associatedWith Sterling Stall Group. corporateBody
associatedWith Stiebel, Don. person
associatedWith St. Louis Arrangement Committee corporateBody
associatedWith Straussman, Abe. person
associatedWith Strongin, Herman. person
associatedWith Strongin, Paul. person
associatedWith Stulberg, Louis. person
associatedWith Stulberg, Louis, 1901-1977 person
associatedWith Stulberg, Louis, 1901-1977. person
associatedWith Stulberg, Louis, 1901-1977. person
associatedWith Stulberg, Louis, 1901-1977. person
associatedWith Stulberg, Louis, 1901-1977. person
associatedWith Sue-Deb Garment Company corporateBody
associatedWith Sue-Deb Garment Company. corporateBody
associatedWith Sue Kozel person
associatedWith Suit Company, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Suit Company, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Summers, Clyde W. person
associatedWith Surrey Classics corporateBody
associatedWith Surrey Classics. corporateBody
associatedWith Swanknit, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Swanknit, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Sze Keh Vocational School corporateBody
associatedWith Taft, Morris Eli. person
associatedWith Taft, Philip, 1902-1976. person
associatedWith Tamac Mfg. Corp. corporateBody
associatedWith Tamac Mfg. Corp. corporateBody
associatedWith Tamiment Library. corporateBody
associatedWith Tankenson, Abe. person
associatedWith Tejada, Gloria, 1925- person
associatedWith Tejidos De Coamo corporateBody
associatedWith Tejidos De Coamo. corporateBody
associatedWith Teper, Lazare, 1908- person
associatedWith Teper, Lazare, 1908- person
associatedWith Teper, Lazare, 1908- person
associatedWith Teper, Lazare, 1908- person
associatedWith Textile Workers Union of America corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers Union of America. corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers' Union of America corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers' Union of America. General Exectutive Board corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers' Union of America. Hosiery Division corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers' Union of America. Legislative and Political Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers Union of America. Local 406. corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers Union of America. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers' Union of America. Rieve-Pollock Foundation corporateBody
associatedWith Textile Workers' Union of America. Textile Division corporateBody
associatedWith Theus, Theodore. person
associatedWith Thomas, Norman, 1884-1968 person
associatedWith Thomas, Norman, 1884-1968. person
associatedWith Thomas, Norman, 1885-1968. person
associatedWith Thompson, Russell R. person
associatedWith Time Magazine corporateBody
associatedWith Tischler, Charles. person
associatedWith Title, Aviezer L. person
associatedWith Torres, Clemente, 1905- person
associatedWith Torres, Emilia. person
associatedWith Torres, Mr. person
associatedWith Torres, Olga, 1917- person
associatedWith Torriani, Albert. person
associatedWith Triangle Shirtwaist Company corporateBody
associatedWith Triangle Shirtwaist Company corporateBody
associatedWith Triestman, George. person
associatedWith Trinchi, Mike. person
associatedWith Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972 person
associatedWith Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972. person
associatedWith Tyler, Gus. person
associatedWith Tyler, Gus. person
associatedWith Tyler, Gus. person
associatedWith Tyler, Gus. person
associatedWith Tyler, Gus. person
associatedWith Tyler, Gus. person
associatedWith Tyler, Gus. person
associatedWith Tyler, Gus. person
associatedWith Ulene, John. person
associatedWith Union Health Center corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Boston Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Boston Joint Board. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Legislative Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Legislative Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Local 169 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Local 169 (New York, N.Y) corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Local 23-25 (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees . Office of Corporate and Financial Affairs. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Office of Corporate and Financial Affairs. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees. Operations Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Organizing Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. President's Office. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Research Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Research Department. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees. Research Dept. corporateBody
associatedWith Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE) corporateBody
associatedWith UNITE corporateBody
associatedWith UNITE corporateBody
associatedWith United Belt corporateBody
associatedWith United Belt. corporateBody
associatedWith United Housing Foundation (New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith United Jewish Appeal corporateBody
associatedWith United Needeltrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE). Engineering Department. corporateBody
associatedWith United Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees (UNITE) corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Dept. of Labor corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Dept. of Labor corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Dept. of Labor. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. National Recovery Administration. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. National War Labor Board (1942-1945) corporateBody
associatedWith United States. National War Labor Board, 1942-1945 corporateBody
associatedWith United Textile Workers of America. corporateBody
associatedWith United Textile Workers of America. corporateBody
associatedWith United Textile Workers of America. corporateBody
associatedWith UNITE HERE (Organization) corporateBody
associatedWith UNITE HERE (Organization) corporateBody
associatedWith UNITE HERE (Organization) corporateBody
associatedWith UNITE HERE (Organization) corporateBody
associatedWith UNITE HERE (Organization) corporateBody
associatedWith Unity House. corporateBody
associatedWith Unity House. corporateBody
associatedWith Unity House. corporateBody
associatedWith Unity House. corporateBody
associatedWith Unity House. corporateBody
associatedWith Unity House. corporateBody
associatedWith University of Connecticut. Labor Education Center. corporateBody
associatedWith USA Garment Company corporateBody
associatedWith USA Garment Company. corporateBody
associatedWith US Slide Fastener Corp. corporateBody
associatedWith US Slide Fastener Corp. corporateBody
associatedWith Uville, Harry. person
associatedWith Uville, Harry. person
associatedWith Van Arsdale, Harry, 1905-1986. person
associatedWith Vanessa Manufacturing Corporation corporateBody
associatedWith Vanessa Manufacturing Corporation. corporateBody
associatedWith Vanterpool, Leona. person
associatedWith Vargas, Ed. person
associatedWith Vaughn, Irene, 1929- person
associatedWith Vazquez, John person
associatedWith Vazquez, Juan, Sr., 1912- person
associatedWith Velasquez, Carolina, 1911- person
associatedWith Vetro, Joseph. person
associatedWith Vice, Celia M., 1913- person
associatedWith Victor Bias Binding Co., Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Victor Bias Binding Co., Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Vidal, Gore, 1925- person
associatedWith Villa, Betty, 1919- person
associatedWith Virginia Apparel Manufacturing corporateBody
associatedWith Virginia Apparel Manufacturing. corporateBody
associatedWith V'Lora Swimwear, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith V'Lora Swimwear, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Vogue Corset Company Ltd. corporateBody
associatedWith Vogue Corset Company Ltd. corporateBody
associatedWith Wade, Mildred, b. 1913. person
associatedWith Wagner, Robert F. 1877-1953. person
associatedWith Wagner, Robert F. 1910-1991. person
associatedWith Wagner, Robert F. (Robert Ferdinand), 1910-1991 person
associatedWith Wall, Cornelius, 1893- person
associatedWith Wang, Charles P. person
associatedWith Washington Manufacturing Corporation. corporateBody
associatedWith Weather-Rite, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Weather-Rite, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Wehner, Herbert. person
associatedWith Weiner, Max, b. 1893. person
associatedWith Weiss, Ida. person
associatedWith Weiss, William, b. 1914. person
associatedWith Wellhart Mfg. Co., Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Wellhart Mfg. Co., Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Wells, David person
associatedWith Wells, David. person
associatedWith Wells, David I., b. 1927. person
associatedWith West Helena - Helena Sportswear, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith West Helena - Helena Sportswear, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith WFDR-FM (Radio Station : New York, N.Y.) corporateBody
associatedWith White, Sam person
associatedWith Wilkins, Rosa D. person
associatedWith William DuChessi person
associatedWith Williams, Harrison A. person
associatedWith Windman, Nat. person
associatedWith Winick, Samuel. person
associatedWith Winslow, Paul. person
associatedWith Winter Coat corporateBody
associatedWith Winter Coat corporateBody
associatedWith Wirtz, Willard, 1912-2010. person
associatedWith Wolf, Herman. person
associatedWith Wolf, Herman. person
associatedWith Wolfson, Theresa, 1897-1972. person
associatedWith Wollman, Yetta. person
associatedWith Women's Trade Union League. corporateBody
associatedWith Women's Trade Union League. corporateBody
associatedWith Wondermaid, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Wondermaid, Inc. corporateBody
associatedWith Woodcock, Leonard. person
associatedWith Worcester Knitting Company corporateBody
associatedWith Worcester Knitting Company. corporateBody
associatedWith Workers' Education Bureau of America. corporateBody
associatedWith Workers' Education Bureau of America. corporateBody
associatedWith Workers United. corporateBody
associatedWith Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. corporateBody
associatedWith Youthcraft Coat corporateBody
associatedWith Youthcraft Coat. corporateBody
associatedWith Zacharin, Henry person
associatedWith Zeldin, Sam. person
associatedWith Zelinka, David. person
associatedWith Zimmerman, Charles, 1852-1908. person
associatedWith Zimmerman, Charles S., 1896-1983 person
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associatedWith Zimmerman, Charles S., 1896-1983. person
associatedWith Zimmerman, Charles S., 1896-1983. person
associatedWith Zimmerman, Charles S., 1896-1983. person
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Place Name Admin Code Country
New York (N.Y.)
Italy
Italy
United States
New York (State)
Canada
New York (State)--New York
United States
Subject
Theater
African Americans
Afro
Afro
Anti-fascist movements
Arbitration
Arbitration, Industrial
Arbitration, Industrial
Arbitration, Industrial
Clothing industry
Clothing industry
Clothing industry
Clothing trade
Clothing trade
Clothing trade
Clothing trade
Clothing trade
Clothing trade
Clothing trade
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Clothing workers
Collective bargaining
Collective bargaining
Collective bargaining
Collective bargaining
Collective labor agreements
Collective labor agreements
Collective labor agreements
Collective labor agreements
Collective labor agreements
Collective labor agreements
Cost-of-living adjustments
Dance and theatre
Garment Workers
Home labor
ILGWU
Industrial relations
Industrial relations
Industrial relations
Industrial relations
Industrial relations
Italian Americans
Italian Americans
Italian Americans
Italian Americans
Jews
Jews
Jews
Labor movement
Labor movement
Labor union locals
Labor union locals
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions
Labor unions and the arts
Litigation in the ILGWU
Needle Trades
Plant shutdowns
Political plays, American
Radicalism in literature
Resorts
Revues
Sex Discrimination in the Garment Industry
Socialism and literature
Socialism and theater
Strikes and lockouts
Textile industry
Textile industry
Textile industry
Textile workers
Textile workers
Textile workers
Textile workers
Textile workers
Textile workers
Trade-union health centers
Trade-union health centers
Trade-unions
Trade-unions
Wages
Wages
Wages
Wages in the Garment Industry
Women clothing workers
Women's clothing industry
Women's clothing industry
Women's clothing industry
Women's clothing industry
Women's clothing industry
Women's clothing industry
Women's clothing industry
Women's clothing industry
Women textile workers
Women workers
Occupation
Dramatists
Lyricists
Activity

Corporate Body

Active 1898

Active 1978

Active 1907

Active 2000

Active 1951

Active 1995

Active 1911

Active 1971

Active 1890

Active 1985

Active 1941

Active 1994

Active 1976

Active 1990

Active 1975

Active 1976

Active 1944

Active 2000

Active 1900

Active 1929

Active 1965

Active 1998

Active 1911

Active 1977

Active 1977

Active 1985

Active 1937

Active 1941

Active 1986

Active 1989

Active 1937

Active 1987

Active 1928

Active 1932

Active 1906

Active 1985

Active 1895

Active 1992

Active 1919

Active 1968

Active 1949

Active 1957

Active 1900

Active 1991

Active 1895

Active 1987

Active 1937

Active 1968

Active 1914

Active 1957

Active 1910

Active 1958

Active 1947

Active 1979

Active 1965

Active 1970

Active 1977

Active 1992

Active 1979

Active 1981

Active 1893

Active 1992

Active 1988

Active 1998

Active 1958

Active 1975

Active 1911

Active 1917

Active 1936

Active 1946

Active 1913

Active 1917

Active 1948

Active 2006

Active 1891

Active 1950

Active 1936

Active 1984

Active 1985

Active 1994

Active 1935

Active 1942

Spanish; Castilian,

Italian,

Yiddish,

English

Information

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