Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876
Variant namesBiographical notes:
Charlotte Saunders Cushman (July 23, 1816 – February 18, 1876) was an American stage actress. Her voice was noted for its full contralto register, and she was able to play both male and female parts. She lived intermittently in Rome, in an expatriate colony of prominent artists and sculptors, some of whom became part of her tempestuous private life. Cushman made her initial professional appearance at age eighteen on April 8, 1835 at Boston's Tremont Theatre. She then went to New Orleans where she performed successfully for one season, after which she returned to New York City to act under contract with the Bowery Theatre. She scored rave reviews in Albany, New York for her portrayal of Lady Macbeth. By 1839, her younger sister Susan Webb Cushman became an actress. The two sisters became famous for playing Romeo and Juliet together, with Charlotte playing Romeo and Susan playing Juliet.
Cushman had romantic relationships with a number of women, including the writer Mahilda Hays and the sculptors Harriet Hosmer and Emma Stebbins. She died of pneumonia in her hotel room on the third floor at the Parker House Hotel in Boston in 1876, aged 59, and was interred in Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Links to collections
United States Sanitary Commission. Philadelphia Branch. Album presented by the United States Sanitary Commission, Philadelphia branch, to Charlotte Cushman [manuscript], ca. 1864.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Papers of Charlotte Cushman [manuscript], [1842]-1875.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Ellsler, John Adam, 1822-1903. Papers, 1852-1877, ca. 1886.
Western Reserve Historical Society, Research Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letter by Charlotte Cushman to [Mr. Murrays?], 1841.
Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. ALS : Boston Row, Mayfair [London], to Madame Kasdov?, [18--] June 10.
Boston Public Library, Central Library in Copley Square
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Miscellaneous manuscripts, 1832-1871, n.d.
University of Pennsylvania Libraries, Van Pelt Library
William Page and Page Family papers
Archives of American Art
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letter : Hyde Park, N.Y., to unknown person, 1871 June 10.
Texas Christian University
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. ALS : London, to Mr. Wallis, 1848 Oct. 29.
Boston Public Library, Central Library in Copley Square
Jackson, Helen Hunt, 1830-1885. Helen Hunt Jackson Papers. Part 2.
Colorado College, Tutt Library
Hay, John, 1838-1905. Correspondence, 1854-1914, "Curtis" to "Devens".
Brown University Archives, John Hay Library
Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870. Autograph letter signed with initials : London, to William Charles Macready, 1848 July 4.
Pierpont Morgan Library.
Kemble, Fanny, 1809-1893,. Autograph letter signed from Fanny Butler to Charlotte Cushman [manuscript], ca. 1840.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876,. Autograph letters signed from Charlotte Cushman to various recipients [manuscript], 1843-1875.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. [Letter, 1873].
Boston Athenaeum
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876,. The sisters [manuscript], ca. 1850.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Charlotte Cushman letters to various correspondents, 1842-1874.
Harvard Theater Collection, Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Harvard University
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letters, 1840-1941, bulk: 1840-1865.
Massachusetts Historical Society
Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870. Autograph letter signed with initials : London, to William Charles Macready, 1848 June 29.
Pierpont Morgan Library.
Fields, James Thomas, 1817-1881. James Thomas Fields Papers and Addenda, 1767-1914 (bulk 1850-1914)
Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Autograph letter signed : "Winter Garden", to Mr. Davidson, [1861] Mar. 12.
Pierpont Morgan Library.
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876,. Poetical miscellany of Charlotte Cushman [manuscript], ca. 1850.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Sturgis, J. H. (John Hubbard), 1834-1888. Papers, 1853-1909.
Boston Athenaeum
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letter to Leon John Vincent : Philadelphia : ALS, 1875 Apr. 8.
UC Berkeley Libraries
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. ALS : [Rome], to the Spaldings, Hotel di Roma, 1866 Jan. 1.
Boston Public Library, Central Library in Copley Square
Lovett, Robert Williamson, 1859-1924. Autograph book, 1779-1913.
Massachusetts Historical Society
Webster, E. F. Autograph letters, 1873-1899.
Ohio History Connection, Ohio Historical Society
Collection of autographs, [ca. 1797 to ca. 1915]
Brown University Archives, John Hay Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letter, n.d.
Duke University Libraries, Duke University Library; Perkins Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letter, 1873.
University of Pennsylvania Libraries, Van Pelt Library
Bennoch, Francis, 1812-1890. Correspondence, 1838-1886.
University of Iowa Libraries
Charlotte Cushman Papers, 1823-1941, (bulk 1861-1875)
Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
United States Sanitary Commission. Boston Branch. Album presented by the United States Sanitary Commission, Boston Branch, to Charlotte Cushman [manuscript], ca. 1864.
Folger Shakespeare Library
United States Sanitary Commission. Album presented by the United States Sanitary Commission, New York branch, to Charlotte Cushman [manuscript], ca. 1864.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letters, 1837-1874 (inclusive).
Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 1803-1882. Behavior : autograph manuscript, [1859-60].
Pierpont Morgan Library.
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876,. Autograph letter signed from Charlotte Cushman to Miss Russell [manuscript], 19th century.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letters, 1858-1864 (inclusive).
Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Letter : Hyde Park, N.Y., to unknown person, 1871 June 10.
University of Chicago Library
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. Autograph letter signed : Boston, to F. C. Wemyss of Pratt & Wemyss, 1844 Oct. 2.
Pierpont Morgan Library.
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876. [Letter] 1873 Mar. 12, The Arlington, Washington, D.C. [to] Dear friend / Charlotte Cushman.
Smith College, Neilson Library
Autograph letters of performing artists, 1853-1870.
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
Beecher family. Beecher-Stowe family papers, 1798-1956 (inclusive).
Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America
Ireland, Joseph Norton, 1817-1898,. Autograph letter signed from Joseph Norton Ireland, Bridgeport, to William Winter [manuscript], 1876 February 29.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Lunt, George, 1803-1885,. Autograph letter from George Lunt, Scituate, Massachusetts, to William Winter [manuscript], 1876 March 1.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Worcester Dramatic Museum. Papers, 1732-1995.
Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
Miscellaneous theatrical papers
Houghton Library
Brainard, Charles Henry, 1817-1885. Papers, 1795-1884 and undated
Houghton Library
Beecher-Stowe family papers, 1798-1956
Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America
Palfrey family papers, 1713-1915
Houghton Library
The Robert Cushman Butler Collection of Theatrical Illustrations
Washington State University Libraries Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections (MASC)
Brady National Photographic Art Gallery (Washington, D.C.),. Charlotte Cushman photographs, ca. 1860-1865.
Massachusetts Historical Society
Hoar, George Frisbie. 1826-1904. Autograph collection, 1598-1945
Houghton Library
J. S. Bliss Correspondence, 1867-1882
Syracuse University. Library. Special Collections Research Center
Charlotte Cushman [picture].
Boston Public Library, Central Library in Copley Square
Isabella Stewart Gardner papers
Archives of American Art
Risley, Hanson A. Papers, 1774-1908.
Duke University Libraries, Duke University Library; Perkins Library
John Lawrence Toole autograph collection, 1750-1903 and undated.
Harvard Theater Collection, Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Harvard University
Howe, Julia Ward, 1819-1910. Papers of Julia Ward Howe, 1858-1908.
University of Virginia. Library
Collection, 1839, 1851-1890, 1994
Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America
Cartes-de-visite album and biographies, ca. 1875-1876.
University of Virginia. Library
Albert Stephens Borgman autograph collection, 1600-1950.
Houghton Library
Cushman, Louise,. Letters and lists to Mrs. Victor N. Cushman concerning portraits and miscellany of Charlotte Cushman and her family [manuscript], 1919-1932.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Millard, H. (Harrison), 1830-1895,. Autograph letters signed from Harrison Millard to Augustin Daly [manuscript], 1868-1874.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Osborn, Luther, 1843-1923. Diaries of Luther Osborn, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1866, and 1868.
Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
Logan, Celia. The Macready dagger [manuscript], 1892.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Jennie Lorenz Collection Relating to Charlotte Cushman, 1830-1960
Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
Schiffer, Clara Goldberg,. Collection, 1839-1994 (inclusive), 1851-1890 (bulk).
Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America
James Thomas Fields collection of autographs and portraits of distinguished women, 1814-1907.
Houghton Library
Autograph file: A-I, 1783-1983.
Vassar College
Photographs of theatrical performers, 1862-1982.
Harvard Theater Collection, Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Harvard University
Papers of Harriet Goodhue Hosmer, 1834-1959
Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America
Howe family papers, 1819-1910.
Houghton Library
Caroline Sturgis Tappan papers, 1838-1921.
Houghton Library
Scrapbook on the works of William Shakespeare [18--?].
Museum of Performance & Design
Autograph File, C
Houghton Library
Swift, Humphrey H. (Humphrey Hathaway), 1819-1911,. Autograph letter signed from Humphrey H. Swift, Acushnet, Massachusetts, to William Winter [manuscript], 1906 October 7.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Pugh, Thomas B. Autograph letters signed from T.B. Pugh, Philadelphia, to Augustin Daly [manuscript], 1873 June-November.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Holmes, Daniel Henry, 1816-1898. History of a young lady, 1848 June 8-1851 July 17.
Boston Athenaeum
Julian Dana Photograph and Portrait Collection, 1885-1933
Bancroft Library
Rogers Memorial Collection: Photographs, prints, and drawings, ca. 1600-1936 (bulk: 1861-1936)
Harvard Theater Collection, Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Harvard University
Thorndike, Samuel Lothrop, 1829-1911. Boston area musical programs : scrapbook, between 1820-1885 bulk 1856-1885.
Boston Athenaeum
Fields, Annie, 1834-1915. Annie Fields papers, 1847-1912.
Massachusetts Historical Society
James Thomas Fields autograph album, 1750-1941.
Houghton Library
Joseph Severn papers, 1821-1899.
Houghton Library
May, Samuel J. (Samuel Joseph), 1797-1871. Samuel Joseph May diary, 1859.
Cornell University Library
Sumner, Charles, 1811-1874. Correspondence, 1829-1874
Houghton Library
Waters, Clara Erskine Clement, 1834-1916. Extracts from Mrs. Clement's Life of Charlotte Cushman, with passages introduced by her from other writers [manuscript], 19th century.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Cooke, Rose Terry, 1827-1892. Scrapbook, 1873-1877.
Connecticut Historical Society
Lorenz, Jennie, 1886-1962. Papers, 1830-1960.
Library of Congress
People of the theater : portraits and autographs, 1872-1923.
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
John Davis Batchelder Collection of Manuscripts, 1537-1944, (bulk 1800-1910)
Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
Letchworth, Josiah, 1835 or 6-1913. Letter : Buffalo, N.Y., to the president of the Ladies Association of the Buffalo General Hospital, 1872 Feb. 26.
Buffalo History Museum, Research Library
Anne Hampton Brewster papers, Bulk, 1845-1892, 1777-1892
Library company of Philadelphia
Winter, William, 1836-1917,. Autograph letter signed to William Winter from unidentified recipient, Providence [manuscript], 1876 February 18.
Folger Shakespeare Library
Hemenway, Amy. Collection of autographs, 1791-1873
Houghton Library
American Dramatic Fund Association. Letter from the Office of Dramatic Fund Association, New York, to Charlotte Cushman [manuscript], 1849 November 5.
Folger Shakespeare Library
William Page and Page Family papers
Archives of American Art
Weeks, James Hubbard, 1810-1885. Journal, 1862-1864.
Boston Athenaeum
Harvard Theatre Collection of figurines
Houghton Library
Related names in SNAC
correspondedWith
Barnes, Hellman B., fl. 1843-1875
correspondedWith
Bartholomew, Anne Charlotte, 1800-1862
associatedWith
Batchelder, John Davis, 1872-1958,
correspondedWith
Bellows, Henry W. (Henry Whitney), 1814-1882
associatedWith
Bennoch, Francis, 1812-1890.
correspondedWith
Bigelow, John, 1817-1911
associatedWith
Bliss, J. S.
associatedWith
Bolton, Ethel Stanwood, 1873-
correspondedWith
Booth, Edwin, 1833-1893
associatedWith
Borgman, Albert Stephens, 1890-1954
correspondedWith
Brainard, Charles Henry, 1817-1885
correspondedWith
Bremer, fl. 1843-1875
associatedWith
Brewster, Anne M. H., (Anne Maria Hampton), 1819-1892
associatedWith
Bridges, William F.
associatedWith
Brougham, John, 1810-1880.
correspondedWith
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 1806-1861
correspondedWith
Bunn, Alfred, 1796?-1860
correspondedWith
Carlyle, Jane Welsh, 1801-1866
associatedWith
Charles Walter Couldock
associatedWith
Chase, A. S.,
correspondedWith
Chorley, Henry Fothergill, 1808-1872
associatedWith
CLARA (GOLDBERG) SCHIFFER
correspondedWith
Clarke, John S. (John Sleeper), 1833-1899
correspondedWith
Crow, Wayman, 1808-1885
correspondedWith
Cushman, Charles Augustus, 1818-1896
correspondedWith
Cushman, Edwin Charles, b. 1838
correspondedWith
Cushman, Emma Crow, b. 1840?
associatedWith
Cushman, Louise,
correspondedWith
Cushman, Mary Eliza, 1793-1866
correspondedWith
Daly, Augustin, 1838-1899
associatedWith
Dana, Julian, 1907-
correspondedWith
Davenport, Fanny, 1850-1898
associatedWith
David
associatedWith
Davidson, Mr,
associatedWith
Dennis R. Alward
associatedWith
Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870.
associatedWith
Dickenson
correspondedWith
Dow, Mary A., fl. 1843-1875
associatedWith
Dr. D. W. Bliss
correspondedWith
Dull, fl. 1843-1875
associatedWith
E. J. Farmer
associatedWith
Ellsler, John Adam, 1822-1903.
associatedWith
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 1803-1882.
correspondedWith
Field, R. M. (Richard Montgomery), 1834-1902
associatedWith
Fields, Annie, 1834-1915.
correspondedWith
Fields, James Thomas, 1817-1881
correspondedWith
Flower, Selina, d. 1884
associatedWith
Ford, John Thompson, 1829-1894,
correspondedWith
Forrester, Nicholas C., 1836 or 7-1892
associatedWith
Gardner, Isabella Stewart, 1840-1924.
associatedWith
Greenleaf, Lewis S.
associatedWith
HARRIET GOODHUE HOSMER, 1830-1908
associatedWith
Hay, John, 1838-1905.
associatedWith
Hemenway, Amy, collector.
correspondedWith
Heraud, Ann Elizabeth, d. 1867
correspondedWith
Higginson, Mary Elizabeth, d. 1877
correspondedWith
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 1823-1911
associatedWith
Hoar, George Frisbie, 1826-1904
associatedWith
Holmes, Daniel Henry, 1816-1898.
associatedWith
Hosmer, Harriet Goodhue, 1830-1908.
correspondedWith
Howe, Julia Ward, 1819-1910
correspondedWith
Howitt, Mary Botham, 1799-1888
associatedWith
Howitt, Mrs.,
associatedWith
Ireland, Joseph Norton, 1817-1898,
correspondedWith
Jackson, Helen Hunt, 1830-1885
correspondedWith
Jewsbury, Geraldine Endsor, 1812-1880
correspondedWith
Johnson, P. M., fl. 1843-1875
correspondedWith
Jones, J. S. (Joseph Stevens), 1811-1877
associatedWith
Judd, Samuel, d. 1847.
correspondedWith
Kasdov, Madame
correspondedWith
Kemble, Fanny, 1809-1893
correspondedWith
King, Rufus, 1814-1876
correspondedWith
Lawrence, Mr., fl. 1843-1875
associatedWith
Lawrence, Susan Freeman, 1840-
associatedWith
Letchworth, Josiah, 1835 or 6-1913.
associatedWith
Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865
associatedWith
Logan, Celia.
correspondedWith
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 1807-1882
associatedWith
Lorenz, Jennie, 1886-1962.
associatedWith
Lovett, Robert Williamson, 1859-1924.
associatedWith
Lunt, George, 1803-1885,
correspondedWith
Mackay, Charles, 1787-1857
correspondedWith
Macready, William Charles, 1793-1873
associatedWith
May, Samuel J. (Samuel Joseph), 1797-1871.
associatedWith
Millard, H. (Harrison), 1830-1895,
associatedWith
Miss Booth
correspondedWith
Nilsson, Christine, 1843-1921
associatedWith
Osborn, Luther, 1843-1923.
associatedWith
Page, William, 1811-1885.
associatedWith
Park Benjamin
correspondedWith
Payne, John Howard, 1791-1852
correspondedWith
Phelps, Edward John, 1822-1900
associatedWith
Pugh, Thomas B.
associatedWith
Risley, Hanson A.
associatedWith
Rogers, Henry Munroe, 1839-1937
correspondedWith
Ross, Daniel, fl. 1843-1875
correspondedWith
Russell, Miss, 19th cent.
associatedWith
Schiffer, Clara Goldberg,
correspondedWith
Severn, Joseph, 1793-1879
correspondedWith
Seward, Anna Wharton
correspondedWith
Seward, William Henry, 1801-1872
associatedWith
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616
correspondedWith
Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891
correspondedWith
Shewell, Livingston Robert, 1833-1904
correspondedWith
Stebbins, Emma, 1815-1882
correspondedWith
Stevens, Mrs., fl. 1843-1875
associatedWith
Stowe, Lyman Beecher, 1880-1963.
associatedWith
Sturgis, J. H. (John Hubbard), 1834-1888.
correspondedWith
Sumner, Charles, 1811-1874
associatedWith
Swift, Humphrey H. (Humphrey Hathaway), 1819-1911,
correspondedWith
Tappan, Caroline Sturgis, 1819-1888
associatedWith
Thorndike, Samuel Lothrop, 1829-1911.
correspondedWith
Toole, John Lawrence, 1830-1906
correspondedWith
Tracy, Sarah C., 19th cent.
correspondedWith
Trollope, Thomas Adolphus, 1810-1892
correspondedWith
Van Buren, Martin, 1782-1862
associatedWith
Vincent, Leon John.
correspondedWith
Wallack, Lester, 1820-1888
correspondedWith
Wallis, Mr.
associatedWith
Waters, Clara Erskine Clement, 1834-1916.
correspondedWith
Webster, Benjamin, 1797-1882
associatedWith
Webster, E. F.
associatedWith
Weeks, James Hubbard, 1810-1885.
associatedWith
Wemyss, Francis Courtney, 1797-1859,
correspondedWith
Wheelock, L. A., fl. 1843-1875
associatedWith
Whiting, Lilian, 1847-1942.
correspondedWith
Whittier, John Greenleaf, 1807-1892
correspondedWith
Wild, Dr., fl. 1843-1875
associatedWith
William Henry Chippendale
associatedWith
Winter, William, 1836-1917,
associatedWith
W. S. Fredericks
associatedWith
Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865
associatedWith
Beecher family
correspondedWith
Howe family.
correspondedWith
Palfrey family.
associatedWith
Beecher family
associatedWith
Beecher family.
correspondedWith
American Dramatic Fund Association.
correspondedWith
Houghton Mifflin Company.
associatedWith
United States Sanitary Commission.
associatedWith
United States Sanitary Commission. Boston Branch.
associatedWith
United States Sanitary Commission. Philadelphia Branch.
associatedWith
Vassar College.
associatedWith
Walnut Street Theatre (Philadelphia, Pa.)
associatedWith
Warren's.
associatedWith
Worcester Dramatic Museum.
Collection Locations
no collection locations known
Comparison
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Information
Subjects:
- Theater
- Theater
- Theater
- Acting
- Actresses
- Actresses
- Americans
- Americans
- Amusements
- Benefit performances
- Benefit performances
- Drama
- Finance, Personal
- Theater
- Theater
- Actresses
- Americans
- Benefit performances
Occupations:
- Actresses
- Actors
- Compilers
Places:
- Italy--Rome (as recorded)
- Boston (Mass.) (as recorded)
- United States (as recorded)
- England--London (as recorded)
- United States (as recorded)
- United States (as recorded)
- United States (as recorded)
- United States (as recorded)
Variant Names
Cushman, Charlotte Saunders, 1816-1876
Cushman, Charlotte, 1816-1876
Cushman, Charlotte Saunders
Cushman, Charlotte Sanders, 1816-1862.
Cushman, Charlotte Saunders, American actress
Cushman, Charlotte Saunders 1816-1876
Cushman, Charlotte (Charlotte Saunders), 1816-1876.
Charlotte Cushman
Charlotte, Cushman
Charlotte Saunders Cushman
Cushman, Miss 1816-1876 (Charlotte),
Cushman, .. Miss 1816-1876
Cushman, Charlotte Saunders, 1816-1876