Halleck, Henry Wager, 1815-1872

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Halleck was born on a farm in Westernville, Oneida County, New York, third child of 14 of Joseph Halleck, a lieutenant who served in the War of 1812, and Catherine Wager Halleck. Young Henry detested the thought of an agricultural life and ran away from home at an early age to be raised by an uncle, David Wager of Utica. He attended Hudson Academy and Union College, then the United States Military Academy. He became a favorite of military theorist Dennis Hart Mahan and was allowed to teach classes while still a cadet. He graduated in 1839, third in his class of 31 cadets, as a second lieutenant of engineers. After spending a few years improving the defenses of New York Harbor, he wrote a report for the United States Senate on seacoast defenses, Report on the Means of National Defence, which pleased General Winfield Scott, who rewarded Halleck with a trip to Europe in 1844 to study European fortifications and the French military. Returning home a first lieutenant, Halleck gave a series of twelve lectures at the Lowell Institute in Boston that were subsequently published in 1846 as Elements of Military Art and Science. His work, one of the first expressions of American military professionalism, was well received by his colleagues and was considered one of the definitive tactical treatises used by officers in the coming Civil War. His scholarly pursuits earned him the (later derogatory) nickname "Old Brains."

During the Mexican–American War, Halleck was assigned to duty in California. During his seven-month journey on the transport USS Lexington around Cape Horn, assigned as aide-de-camp to Commodore William Shubrick, he translated Henri Jomini's Vie politique et militaire de Napoleon, which further enhanced his reputation for scholarship. He spent several months in California constructing fortifications, then was first exposed to combat on November 11, 1847, during Shubrick's capture of the port of Mazatlán; Lt. Halleck served as lieutenant governor of the occupied city. He was awarded a brevet promotion to captain in 1847 for his "gallant and meritorious service" in California and Mexico. (He would later be appointed captain in the regular army on July 1, 1853.) He was transferred north to serve under General Bennet Riley, the governor general of the California Territory. Halleck was soon appointed military secretary of state, a position which made him the governor's representative at the 1849 convention in Monterey where the California state constitution was written. Halleck became one of the principal authors of the document. The California State Military Museum writes that Halleck "was [at the convention] and in a lone measure its brains because he had given more studious thought to the subject than any other, and General Riley had instructed him to help frame the new constitution." He was nominated during the convention to be one of two men to represent the new state in the United States Senate, but received only enough votes for third place. During his political activities, he found time to join a law firm in San Francisco, Halleck, Peachy & Billings, which became so successful that he resigned his commission in 1854. The following year, he married Elizabeth Hamilton, granddaughter of Alexander Hamilton and sister of Union general Schuyler Hamilton. Their only child, Henry Wager Halleck, Jr., was born in 1856, and died in 1882.

Halleck became a wealthy man as a lawyer and land speculator, and a noted collector of "Californiana." He obtained thousands of pages of official documents on the Spanish missions and colonization of California, which were copied and are now maintained by the Bancroft Library of the University of California, the originals having been destroyed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire. He built the Montgomery Block, San Francisco's first fireproof building, home to lawyers, businessmen, and later, the city's Bohemian writers and newspapers. He was a director of the Almaden Quicksilver (mercury) Company in San Jose, president of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad, a builder in Monterey, and owner of the 30,000 acre (120 km²) Rancho Nicasio in Marin County, California. But he remained involved in military affairs and by early 1861 he was a major general of the California Militia.

As the Civil War began, Halleck was nominally a Democrat and was sympathetic to the South, but he had a strong belief in the value of the Union. His reputation as a military scholar and an urgent recommendation from Winfield Scott earned him the rank of major general in the regular army, effective August 19, 1861, making him the fourth most senior general (after Scott, George B. McClellan, and John C. Frémont). He was assigned to command the Department of the Missouri, replacing Frémont in St. Louis on November 9, and his talent for administration quickly sorted out the chaos of fraud and disorder left by his predecessor. He set to work on the "twin goals of expanding his command and making sure that no blame of any sort fell on him."

Historian Kendall Gott described Halleck as a department commander:

Although he had impressive credentials, Henry Halleck was not an easy man to work for. The nature of his job and his personality often provoked antagonism, hatred, and contempt. Halleck's strengths were organizing, coordinating, planning, and managing. He could also advise and suggest, and he sometimes ordered subordinates where and when to make a move, but he never was comfortable doing it himself. Halleck seldom worked openly, and as a department commander, he was always at headquarters, separated and aloof from the men. His decisions were the result of neither snap judgments nor friendly discussion, but calculated thinking. He was also prone to violent hatred and never cultivated close relationships. Overall, he generated no love, confidence, or respect.

— Kendall D. Gott, Where the South Lost the War

Halleck established an uncomfortable relationship with the man who would become his most successful subordinate and future commander, Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. The pugnacious Grant had just completed the minor, but bloody, Battle of Belmont and had ambitious plans for amphibious operations on the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers. Halleck, by nature a cautious general, but also judging that Grant's reputation for alcoholism in the prewar period made him unreliable, rejected Grant's plans. However, under pressure from President Lincoln to take offensive action, Halleck reconsidered and Grant conducted operations with naval and land forces against Forts Henry and Donelson in February 1862, capturing both, along with 14,000 Confederates.

Grant had delivered the first significant Union victory of the war. Halleck obtained a promotion for him to major general of volunteers, along with some other generals in his department, and used the victory as an opportunity to request overall command in the Western Theater, which he currently shared with Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell, but which was not granted. He briefly relieved Grant of field command of a newly ordered expedition up the Tennessee River after Grant met Buell in Nashville, citing rumors of renewed alcoholism, but soon restored Grant to field command (pressure by Lincoln and the War Department may have been a factor in this about-face). Explaining the reinstatement to Grant, Halleck portrayed it as his effort to correct an injustice, not revealing to Grant that the injustice had originated with him. When Grant wrote to Halleck suggesting "I must have enemies between you and myself," Halleck replied, "You are mistaken. There is no enemy between you and me."

Halleck's department performed well in early 1862, driving the Confederates from the state of Missouri and advancing into Arkansas. They held all of West Tennessee and half of Middle Tennessee. Grant, not yet aware of the political maneuvering behind his back, regarded Halleck as "one of the greatest men of the age" and Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman described him as the "directing genius" of the events that had given the Union cause such a "tremendous lift" in the previous months. This performance can be attributed to Halleck's strategy, administrative skills, and his good management of resources, and to the excellent execution by his subordinates—Grant, Maj. Gen. Samuel R. Curtis at Pea Ridge, and Maj. Gen. John Pope at Island Number 10. Military historians disagree about Halleck's personal role in providing these victories. Some offer him the credit based on his overall command of the department; others, particularly those viewing his career through the lens of later events, believe that his subordinates were the primary factor.

On March 11, 1862, Halleck's command was enlarged to include Ohio and Kansas, along with Buell's Army of the Ohio, and was renamed the Department of the Mississippi. Grant's Army of the Tennessee was attacked on April 6 at Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee, in the Battle of Shiloh. With reinforcements from Buell, on April 7 Grant managed to repulse the Confederate Army under Generals Albert Sidney Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard, but at high cost in casualties. Pursuant to an earlier plan, Halleck arrived to take personal command of his massive army in the field for the first time. Grant was under public attack over the slaughter at Shiloh, and Halleck replaced Grant as a wing commander and assigned him instead to serve as second-in-command of the entire 100,000 man force, a job which Grant complained was a censure and akin to an arrest. Halleck proceeded to conduct operations against Beauregard's army in Corinth, Mississippi, called the Siege of Corinth because Halleck's army, twice the size of Beauregard's, moved so cautiously and stopped daily to erect elaborate field fortifications; Beauregard eventually abandoned Corinth without a fight.

In the aftermath of the failed Peninsula Campaign in Virginia, President Lincoln summoned Halleck to the East to become General-in-Chief of all the Union armies, as of July 23, 1862. Lincoln hoped that Halleck could prod his subordinate generals into taking more coordinated, aggressive actions across all of the theaters of war, but he was quickly disappointed, and was quoted as regarding him as "little more than a first rate clerk." Grant replaced Halleck in command of most forces in the West, but Buell's Army of the Ohio was separated and Buell reported directly to Halleck, as a peer of Grant. Halleck began transferring divisions from Grant to Buell; by September, four divisions had moved, leaving Grant with 46,000 men.

In Washington, Halleck continued to excel at administrative issues and facilitated the training, equipping, and deployment of thousands of Union soldiers over vast areas. He was unsuccessful, however, as a commander of the field armies or as a grand strategist. His cold, abrasive personality alienated his subordinates; one observer described him as a "cold, calculating owl." Historian Steven E. Woodworth wrote, "Beneath the ponderous dome of his high forehead, the General would gaze goggle-eyed at those who spoke to him, reflecting long before answering and simultaneously rubbing both elbows all the while, leading one observer to quip that "the great intelligence he was reputed to possess must be located in his elbows." This disposition also made him unpopular with the Union press corps, who criticized him frequently.

Halleck, more a bureaucrat than a soldier, was able to impose little discipline or direction on his field commanders. Strong personalities such as George B. McClellan, John Pope, and Ambrose Burnside routinely ignored his advice and instructions. A telling example of his lack of control was during the Northern Virginia Campaign of 1862, when Halleck was unable to motivate McClellan to reinforce Pope in a timely manner, contributing to the Union defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run. It was from this incident that Halleck fell from grace. Abraham Lincoln said that he had given Halleck full power and responsibility as general in chief. "He ran it on that basis till Pope's defeat; but ever since that event he has shrunk from responsibility whenever it was possible."

In Halleck's defense, his subordinate commanders in the Eastern Theater, whom he did not select, were reluctant to move against General Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia. Many of his generals in the West, other than Grant, also lacked aggressiveness. And despite Lincoln's pledge to give the general in chief full control, both he and Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton micromanaged many aspects of the military strategy of the nation. Halleck wrote to Sherman, "I am simply a military advisor of the Secretary of War and the President, and must obey and carry out what they decide upon, whether I concur in their decisions or not. As a good soldier I obey the orders of my superiors. If I disagree with them I say so, but when they decide, is my duty faithfully to carry out their decision."

On March 12, 1864, after Ulysses S. Grant, Halleck's former subordinate in the West, was promoted to lieutenant general and general in chief, Halleck was relegated to chief of staff, responsible for the administration of the vast U.S. armies. Grant and the War Department took special care to let Halleck down gently. Their orders stated that Halleck had been relieved as general in chief "at his own request."

Now that there was an aggressive general in the field, Halleck's administrative capabilities complemented Grant nicely and they worked well together. Throughout the arduous Overland Campaign and Richmond-Petersburg Campaign of 1864, Halleck saw to it that Grant was properly supplied, equipped, and reinforced on a scale that wore down the Confederates. He agreed with Grant and Sherman on the implementation of a hard war toward the Southern economy and endorsed both Sherman's March to the Sea and Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan's destruction of the Shenandoah Valley. However, the 1864 Red River Campaign, a doomed attempt to occupy Eastern Texas, had been advocated by Halleck, over the objections of Nathaniel P. Banks, who commanded the operation. When the campaign failed, Halleck claimed to Grant that it had been Banks' idea in the first place, not his - an example of Halleck's habit of deflecting blame.

Still, his contributions to military theory are credited with encouraging a new spirit of professionalism in the army.

After Grant forced Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House, Halleck was assigned to command the Military Division of the James, headquartered at Richmond. He was present at Lincoln's death and a pall-bearer at Lincoln's funeral. He lost his friendship with General William T. Sherman when he quarreled with him over Sherman's tendency to be lenient toward former Confederates. In August 1865 he was transferred to the Division of the Pacific in California, essentially in military exile. While holding this command he accompanied photographer Eadweard Muybridge to the newly purchased Russian America. He and Senator Charles Sumner are credited with applying the name "Alaska" to that region. In March 1869, he was assigned to command the Military Division of the South, headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky.

Henry Halleck became ill in early 1872 and his condition was diagnosed as edema caused by liver disease. He died at his post in Louisville. He is buried in Green-Wood Cemetery, in Brooklyn, New York, and is commemorated by a street named for him in San Francisco and a statue in Golden Gate Park. He left no memoirs for posterity and apparently destroyed his private correspondence and memoranda. His estate at his death showed a net value of $474,773.16 ($10,132,450.52 in 2019 dollars). His widow, Elizabeth, married Col. George Washington Cullum in 1875. Cullum had served as Halleck's chief of staff in the Western Theater and then on his staff in Washington.

Archival Resources
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editorOf Record Group 107: Records of the Office of the Secretary of War, 1791 - 1948 Series: Telegrams Sent and Received By The War Department Central Telegraph Office., 1861 - 1882 Item: Telegram from Major General George McClellan to General Major Henry W. Halleck Regarding General Robert E. Lee's Special Order No. 191, the Lost Order, 9/13/1862 National Archives at Washington, D.C
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referencedIn Wilson, James Harrison, 1837-1925. Letter : Washington, D.C., to Henry Wager Halleck, [Washington, D.C.,], 1864 Mar. 25. Texas Christian University
referencedIn McCoid, M. A. (Moses Ayers), 1840-1904. Papers of Moses A. McCoid, 1859-1884. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Linsley, Benjamin M. Letters, 12 Dec. 1862-6 Aug. 1863. Texas A&M University, Evans Library & Annex; Main campus library complex
referencedIn Kirkwood, Samuel Jordan, 1813-1894. Letter : St. Louis, to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1863 Feb. 2. Texas Christian University
referencedIn Bernal Family Papers, 1849-circa 1896 The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens Manuscripts Department
referencedIn Thayer, John M. (John Milton), 1820-1906. Letters to S.S. McClure, 1894, 1896. University of Virginia. Library
creatorOf McClellan, George Brinton, 1826-1885. [Letters to Major General H. W. Halleck, 1862 ] / Geo. B. McClellan. Smith College, Neilson Library
referencedIn Andrew Johnson Papers, 1783-1947, (bulk 1865-1869) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Pope, John, 1822-1892. Autograph letter signed : Milwaukee, Wis., to Henry Wager Halleck, n.p., 1863 Apr. 7. University of Chicago Library
referencedIn Blair Family Papers, 1755-1968, (bulk 1829-1892) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Note : n.p., to [Edwin McMasters Stanton], n.p., [186-?]. Texas Christian University
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Autograph letter signed : Washington, D.C., to D. Van Nostrand, 1864 Mar. 15. Pierpont Morgan Library.
referencedIn Combs, Leslie, 1793-1881. Letter : Frankfort, Ky., to Henry Wager Halleck, n.p., 1862 Oct. 31. Texas Christian University
referencedIn Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899. Letter : Wheeling,[W.] Va., to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1862 Oct. 11. Texas Christian University
referencedIn J. W. Flanagan collection MC019. 46996323., 1760-1882, (Bulk: 1785-1849) Albert and Ethel Herzstein Library,
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Letter : to T. J. Lippett / by Henry Wager Halleck 1847 Sep 18. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
creatorOf Kirkwood, Samuel Jordan, 1813-1894. Letters, 1859-1890. University of Iowa Libraries
referencedIn Smith-Capron-Spencer-Hill family Bible record, 1741-1954. Library of Virginia
creatorOf Davis, Jefferson Columbus, 1828-1879. Jefferson Columbus Davis papers, 1867-1878. Newberry Library
creatorOf Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. ALS, 1865 Jan. 25, City Point, Va., to Henry W. Halleck, Washington, D.C. Rosenbach Museum & Library
contributorOf Record Group 94: Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1762 - 1984 Series: Letters Received, 1805 - 1889 File Unit: 1868 - Halleck, Henry - File No. P587 National Archives at Washington, D.C
creatorOf Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. Letter, 1865 Feb. 13, City Point, Va., to Maj. Gen. Halleck, Washington, D.C. University of Michigan
creatorOf Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. ALS, 1864 Dec. 11, City Point, Va., to Henry W. Halleck, Washington, D.C. Rosenbach Museum & Library
contributorOf Record Group 108: Records of the Headquarters of the Army, 1828 - 1903 Series: Endorsements Sent by Major General Henry W. Halleck, 8/1862 - 4/1865 National Archives at Washington, D.C
contributorOf Record Group 108: Records of the Headquarters of the Army, 1828 - 1903 Series: Letters Sent by Major General Henry W. Halleck, 11/1862 - 4/1865 National Archives at Washington, D.C
referencedIn Records of the Adjutant General's Office. 1762 - 1984. Generals' Papers and Books. 1830 - 1884. Papers and Books of Major General Henry W. Halleck. 1830 - 1884. Note from President Abraham Lincoln to Maj. Gen. Henry Halleck National Archives at Washington, D.C
referencedIn Samuel Peter Heintzelman Papers, 1822-1913, (bulk 1850-1865) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
creatorOf Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865. [Letter and autograph signatures] / Abraham Lincoln. Smith College, Neilson Library
referencedIn Saunders, Alvin, 1817-1899. Letter : Omaha, Neb., to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1863 Apr. 13. University of Chicago Library
creatorOf Bill, Alfred Hoyt, 1879-1964. Whipple-Scandrett family papers, 1829-1959. Minnesota Historical Society Library
creatorOf Riley, Bennett, 1787-1853. Collection of documents related to Elisha O. Crosby and early California history. University of California, San Diego, UC San Diego Library; UCSD Library
referencedIn Steele, Frederick, 1819-1868. General Frederick Steele papers, 1845-1965 (inclusive), 1862-1868 (bulk). Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
creatorOf Font, Pedro, d. 1781. Diario que forma el P. Fr. Pedro Font ... sacado del borrador que escrivio en el camino del viage que hizo a Monterey y Puerto de San Francisco en compañia del ... Comandante ... Juan Bautista de Anza por orden ... [de] Antonio Maria Bucareli, virrey ... 1775 : ms. S, 1776. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Phelps, John S. (John Smith), 1814-1886. Letter : Helena, Ark., to H[enry] W[ager] Halleck, n.p., 1862 Aug. 29. University of Chicago Library
referencedIn Southworth, Newton, 1803-1863. Newton Southworth and family papers, 1852-1917. Minnesota Historical Society Library
referencedIn Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States Commandery of the State of Massachusetts Civil War collection, 1724-1933 (inclusive); 1861-1912 (bulk). Houghton Library
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. [Letter] 1862 Sep. 15, Washington, Head-Quarters of the Army [to] Maj. Gen. [Nathaniel] Banks / H.W. Halleck. Smith College, Neilson Library
creatorOf Cullum, George W. (George Washington), 1809-1892. Letters: Cairo, Ill., to [Henry W.] Halleck, 1862 Feb. 7 and 9. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library
referencedIn General Frederick Steele Papers, 1845-1965 (inclusive), 1862-1868 (bulk) Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn Banks, Nathaniel Prentiss, 1816-1894. Letter : Vicksburg, Miss., to [Henry Wager] Halleck, n.p., 1863 Aug. 1. Texas Christian University
referencedIn Armsby, James H., 1809-1875,. American and English literary and historical papers collected by Atcheson L. Hench [manuscript] 1787-1914. University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Eckert, Thomas Thompson, 1825-1910. Papers of Thomas T. Eckert, 1862-1877, (1862-1867 ) Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Johnston, J. Stoddard (Josiah Stoddard), 1833-1913. J. Stoddard Johnston : papers, 1850-1912. The Filson Historical Society
contributorOf Record Group 94: Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1762 - 1984 Series: Letters Received, 1805 - 1889 File Unit: 1861 - Halleck, Henry W - File No. H615 National Archives at Washington, D.C
creatorOf Gilmer, Jeremy Francis, 1818-1883. Papers. United States Military Academy, USMA Library
referencedIn Connelly, Henry, 1800-1866. Letter : Santa Fe, to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1863 Dec. 14. Texas Christian University
referencedIn Pope, John, 1822-1892. Autograph letter signed : Milwaukee, Wis., to Henry Wager Halleck, n.p., 1863 Apr. 7. Texas Christian University
creatorOf Hillyer, William Silliman, 1831-1874. Papers of William Silliman Hillyer, 1822 (1861-1874) 1931, [manuscript]. University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Frederick M. Dearborn collection of military and political Americana, Part III: The Civil War: The Union, 1804-1915. Houghton Library
referencedIn Burns, William Wallace. Papers, 1848-1910 (bulk 1861-1889). Texas A&M University, Evans Library & Annex; Main campus library complex
referencedIn Flagg, S. Griswold. S. Griswold Flagg collection, 1825-1938 (inclusive). Yale University Library
creatorOf Cullum, George W. (George Washington), 1809-1892. Papers. United States Military Academy, USMA Library
referencedIn Haupt, Herman, 1817-1905. Letter : Washington, D.C., to Henry Wager Halleck, n.p., 1862 Oct. 11. Texas Christian University
referencedIn King, Horatio, 1811-1897. Letter : Washington, D.C. to Henry Wager Halleck, n.p., 1862 Sept. 20. Texas Christian University
contributorOf Record Group 393: Records of U.S. Army Continental Commands, 1817 - 1947 Series: Letters Sent by Major General Henry W. Halleck, 11/1861 - 7/1862 National Archives at Washington, D.C
creatorOf Record Group 108: Records of the Headquarters of the Army, 1828 - 1903 Series: Statistical Information Relating to Volunteers and Militia Mustered Into the Service of the United States, 1863 - 1865 National Archives at Washington, D.C
referencedIn Wilson, James Harrison, 1837-1925. Letter : Washington, D.C., to Henry Wager Halleck, [Washington, D.C.?], 1864 Apr. 6. University of Chicago Library
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Letters, 1862-1863. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Papers. United States Military Academy, USMA Library
referencedIn Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. Letter: Savanna, [Tenn.], to [William K.] Strong, 1862 Mar. 30. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library
referencedIn Record Group 107: Records of the Office of the Secretary of War, 1791 - 1948 Series: Duplicate Copies of Telegrams Sent and Received by the War Department Central Telegraph Office in Washington, 7/1861 - 2/1869 National Archives at Washington, D.C
contributorOf Records of the Office of the Secretary of War. 1791 - 1948. Duplicate Copies of Telegrams Sent and Received by the War Department Central Telegraph Office in Washington National Archives at Washington, D.C
contributorOf Record Group 108: Records of the Headquarters of the Army, 1828 - 1903 Series: Letters Received, 1864 - 1866 National Archives at Washington, D.C
referencedIn Pope, John, 1822-1892. Letter : near Cedar Mountain, Va., to Henry Wager Halleck, n.p., 1862 Aug. 14. Texas Christian University
contributorOf Record Group 107: Records of the Office of the Secretary of War, 1791 - 1948 Series: Duplicate Copies of Telegrams Sent and Received by the War Department Central Telegraph Office in Washington, 7/1861 - 2/1869 National Archives at Washington, D.C
referencedIn Saunders, Alvin, 1817-1899. Letter : Omaha, Neb., to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1863 Apr. 13. Texas Christian University
referencedIn William T. Sherman Papers, 1759-1897, (bulk 1848-1891) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
creatorOf Guerra family. Guerra family collection, 1752-1955 (bulk 1806-1886) Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
creatorOf Chase, Salmon P. (Salmon Portland), 1808-1873. Letter : Treasury Dept. [Washington, D.C.] to Major-General Henry W. Halleck, 1862 March 9. UNH Durham, Dimond Library
creatorOf Alden, James, 1810-1877. Cutts-Madison papers, 1759-1912. Massachusetts Historical Society
creatorOf Records of the Adjutant General's Office. 1762 - 1984. Generals' Papers and Books. 1830 - 1884. Papers and Books of Major General Henry W. Halleck National Archives at Washington, D.C
creatorOf Sigel, Franz, 1824-1902. Franz Sigel papers, 1861-1862, 1900-1901. New-York Historical Society
referencedIn Watts, Elijah S. 1836-1909. Elijah S. Watts papers 1861-1907. The Filson Historical Society
creatorOf United States. General Land Office. Abandoned Military Reservation File for Molate Island, Calif., 1858-1917. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Dennett, William S.,. Civil War letters to William S. Dennett, 1861-1865. University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Autographs of Civil War generals, [ca. 186-]. Ohio History Connection, Ohio Historical Society
creatorOf H. W. Halleck Papers, 1843-1896, (bulk 1862) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Papers, 1861-1865. Duke University Libraries, Duke University Library; Perkins Library
contributorOf Registers of Letters Received, 6/1828 - 8/1903 National Archives at Washington, D.C
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Civil War letter, 1862 Mar. 14. Navarro College
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Letter : Corinth, Miss., to Edwin McMasters Stanton, Washington, D.C., 1862 June 10. Texas Christian University
referencedIn United States. Army. Military Dept., 10th. Report, 1849 Mar 1. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Letter : Washington, [D.C], to E[dwin] M. Stanton, Washington, D.C., 1863 Jan. 1. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library
referencedIn Inventory of the Brigadier General William Wallace Burns Papers Ragan MSS 00116., 1848-1910 (bulk: 1861-1889) Cushing Memorial Library,
referencedIn Tyler, Daniel, 1816-1906. Letter : Baltimore, to Henry Wager Halleck, n.p., 1863 June 28. Texas Christian University
referencedIn Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865. Papers, 1863-1881. Navarro College
referencedIn Childs, George William, 1829-1894. George William Childs papers [manuscript], 1882-1892. University of Virginia. Library
creatorOf Curtis, Samuel Ryan, 1805-1866. Campaign book[s] [microform], [not before 1862]-1865. Kansas State Historical Society
referencedIn Totten, Joseph Gilbert, 1788-1864. Letter : Washington, D.C., to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1863 Nov. 10. Texas Christian University
creatorOf Carrillo, Pedro C. Pedro C. Carrillo private papers : ms., 1846-1848. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Halleck, H. W. (Henry Wager), 1815-1872. Treatise on international law and the laws of war ; or, Rules regulating the intercourse of states in peace and war / by H.W. Halleck. United States Military Academy, USMA Library
referencedIn Schenck, Robert Cumming, 1809-1890. Note signed : Baltimore, Md., to the General-in-Chief, n.p., 1863 Jan. 29. Texas Christian University
contributorOf Record Group 94: Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1762 - 1984 Series: Letters Received, 1805 - 1889 File Unit: 1868 - Halleck, Henry W - File No. P587 National Archives at Washington, D.C
referencedIn Levi E. Kent journal 1861-1862 Kent, Levi E. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Wright, Horatio Gouverneur, 1820-1899. Letters, 1862-1863. University of Chicago Library
referencedIn General George Cullum Civil War Letter MS 112., 1861 Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, Rice University
creatorOf Van Voorhies, William, 1815-1884. William Van Voorhies papers, 1850-1852. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Monterey Public Library. California History Room. Historic buildings-Monterey-Sherman-Halleck Headquarters clippings 1925-1983. Monterey Public Library
creatorOf Fox, Gustavus Vasa, 1821-1883. Letter signed : Navy Department, to Mah. Gen. Halleck, 1862 Nov. 21. Pierpont Morgan Library.
referencedIn California. Governor (1849 : Riley). Appointment, 1849 Oct 4. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
creatorOf San Francisco (Calif.). Deeds : San Francisco : ADS, 1850. California historical society
creatorOf Riley, Bennett, 1787-1853. Bennet Riley papers, 1849. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf McClellan, George Brinton, 1826-1885. Letter signed : "Head-Quarters Army of the Potomac", to Maj. Gen. Halleck, 1862 Oct. 3. Pierpont Morgan Library.
creatorOf Flanagan, James W., collector. J.W. Flanagan collection, 1760-1882, (bulk 1785-1849). San Jacinto Museum of History
creatorOf Halleck, Peachy & Billings (Firm : San Francisco). Records of Halleck, Peachy & Billings, 1851-1860. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
creatorOf Halleck, Henry Wager, 1815-1872. Henry Halleck letter to George W. Cullum, 1846. California state library
creatorOf Grant, Ulyssess S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. ALS, 1865 Jan. 5, Fort Monroe, Va., to Henry W. Halleck, Washington, D.C. Rosenbach Museum & Library
referencedIn Cluseret, Gustave Paul, 1823-1900. Letter : Winchester, Va., to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1863 Jan. 25. Texas Christian University
creatorOf California. Governor (1849 Apr. 12-Dec. 20 : Riley). Proclama al pueblo de California : Monterey, 1849 Oct. 12. California historical society
creatorOf Blair, Frank P. (Frank Preston), 1821-1875. Letter: Washington City, to Major General [Henry] Halleck, 1862 Jan. 3. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library
referencedIn Hooker, Joseph, 1814-1879. Letter : Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, to [Henry W. Halleck], n.p., 1863 Feb. 4. Texas Christian University
referencedIn Halleck, Peachy & Billings. Halleck, Peachy & Billings records, 1822-1868. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Brigham Young photographs, circa 1860-1870 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Church History Library
referencedIn Wallis, George B. George B. Wallis letter, 1862 Apr. 28. Louisiana State University, LSU Libraries
referencedIn Potter, Edward Elmer, 1823-1889. Letter : Knoxville, Tenn., to Henry Wager Halleck, n.p., 1864 Jan. 21. University of Chicago Library
referencedIn Morton, Oliver P. (Oliver Perry), 1823-1877. Letter : Indianapolis, to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1863 Jan. 2. Texas Christian University
contributorOf Record Group 108: Records of the Headquarters of the Army, 1828 - 1903 Series: Press Copies of Letters Sent, 1862 - 1903 National Archives at Washington, D.C
creatorOf Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. ALS, 1865 Jan. 24, City Point, Va., to Henry W. Halleck, Washington, D.C. Rosenbach Museum & Library
referencedIn Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. Ulysses S. Grant papers, 1863-1866. Navarro College
referencedIn Munford, George Wythe, d. 1882. Papers, 1828-1891. Library of Virginia
contributorOf Record Group 108: Records of the Headquarters of the Army, 1828 - 1903 Series: Registers of Officers and Enlisted Personnel Applying for Leaves of Absence, Resignations, and Discharges, 5/1863 - 4/1865 National Archives at Washington, D.C
referencedIn Nathaniel Prentiss Banks Papers, 1829-1911, (bulk 1860-1880) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Schenck, Robert Cumming, 1809-1890. Note signed : Baltimore, Md., to the General-in-Chief, n.p., 1863 Jan. 29. University of Chicago Library
referencedIn Inventory of the Benjamin M. Linsley Letters Ragan MSS 00110 ., 12 Dec. 1862-6 Aug. 1863 Cushing Memorial Library,
creatorOf Kelton, J. C. (John Cunningham), 1828-1893. Letter : n.p., to Nathaniel P. Banks, n.p., 1862 Oct. 16. University of Chicago Library
creatorOf Crosby, Elisha Oscar, 1818-1895. Elisha Oscar Crosby papers, 1849-1886. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Record Group 108: Records of the Headquarters of the Army, 1828 - 1903 Series: Telegrams Received in Cipher by Lt. General Ulysses S. Grant, Major General Henry W. Halleck and Others, 8/1864 - 12/1865 National Archives at Washington, D.C
referencedIn Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899. Letter : Wheeling, [W.] Va., to Henry Wager Halleck, Washington, D.C., 1862 Oct. 11. University of Chicago Library
referencedIn Philip Case Lockwood memorial collection of Civil War portraits and autographs, 1862-ca. 1886. Houghton Library
referencedIn Bailey, F. W. The services of General George W. Cullum in the Civil War : while Chief of Staff and Chief Engineer of the Departments of the Missouri and of the Mississippi, November 19, 1861-July 11, 1862 / Frank Walton Bailey. Allegheny College, Lawrence Lee Pelletier Library
creatorOf Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. ALS, 1864 Nov. 6, City Point, Va., to Henry Wager Halleck. Rosenbach Museum & Library
referencedIn Smith, William Farrar, 1824-1903. William Farrar Smith correspondence, 1863-1899. Library of Congress
creatorOf Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885. Letters, 1862-1864. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library
Role Title Holding Repository
Relation Name
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correspondedWith Lieber, Francis, 1800-1872. person
correspondedWith Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 person
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associatedWith Thomas, George Henry, 1816-1870. person
correspondedWith Thomas, Lorenzo, 1804-1875 person
associatedWith Totten, Joseph Gilbert, 1788-1864. person
correspondedWith Tower, Z. B. (Zealous Bates), 1819-1900 person
associatedWith Tyler, Daniel, 1816-1906. person
alumnusOrAlumnaOf United State Military Academy, corporateBody
correspondedWith United States. Army corporateBody
memberOf United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Army. Department of Mississippi. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Army. Department of the Missouri. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Army. Dept. of Mississippi. corporateBody
leaderOf United States. Army. Dept. of the Missouri. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Army. Military Dept., 10th. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. General Land Office. corporateBody
associatedWith Van Nostrand, David, 1811-1886, person
associatedWith Van Voorhies, William, 1815-1884. person
associatedWith Wallace, Lew, 1827-1905. person
associatedWith Wallis, George B. person
associatedWith Washburn, Israel, 1813-1883 person
associatedWith Watts, Elijah S. 1836-1909. person
associatedWith Welles, Gideon, 1802-1878. person
associatedWith William E. Barton Collection of Lincolniana (University of Chicago) corporateBody
associatedWith Williamson, R. S. (Robert Stockton), 1824-1882. person
associatedWith Wilson, James Harrison, 1837-1925. person
associatedWith Woodward, Ashbel, 1804-1885. person
associatedWith Wright, Horatio Gouverneur, 1820-1899. person
associatedWith Yates, Richard, 1815-1873, person
associatedWith Young, Brigham 1801-1877 person
Place Name Admin Code Country
District of Columbia DC US
Louisville KY US
Boston MA US
West Point NY US
Oneida County NY US
St. Louis MO US
San Francisco CA US
Subject
Civil War, 1861-1865
Constitutions, State
Fort Donelson, Battle of, Tenn., 1862
Fredericksburg, Battle of, Fredericksburg, Va., 1862
Guerrillas
International law
Land grants
Manuscripts, American
Mexican War, 1846-1848
Mexican War, 1846-1848
Military bases, American
Mines and mineral resources
Missions, Spanish
Public lands
Real estate investment
Shiloh, Battle of, Tenn., 1862
Soldiers
War (International law)
Occupation
Army officers
Businessmen
Generals
Lawyers
Politicians
Soldiers
Activity

Person

Birth 1815-01-16

Death 1872-01-09

Male

Americans

Spanish; Castilian,

English

Information

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Ark ID: w6rw1c3w

SNAC ID: 84377981