United States. Army. Women's Army Corps

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The Women's Army Corps (WAC) was the women's branch of the US Army. It was created as an auxiliary unit, the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps in 1942, and converted to full status as the WAC in 1943. Its first director was Oveta Culp Hobby, the wife of a prominent politician and publisher in Houston, Texas.

About 150,000 American women served in the WAAC and WAC during World War II. They were the first women other than nurses to serve with the Army. While conservative opinion in the leadership of the Army and public opinion generally was initially opposed to women serving in uniform, the shortage of men necessitated a new policy. While most women served stateside, some went to various places around the World, including Europe, North Africa and New Guinea. For an example WACs landed on Normandy Beach just a few days after the intial invasion.

Some men feared that if women became soldiers they would no longer serve in a masculine preserve and their masculinity would be devalued. Others feared being sent into combat units if women took over the safe jobs. However, top military generals like Douglas MacArthur called the WAC's "my best soldiers". Many generals wanted more of them and proposed to draft women but Congress was not willing. Those 150,000 women that did serve released seven divisions of men for combat. Dwight D. Eisenhower said the allies could not have won the war without them.

During the same time period, other branches of the U.S. military had similar women's units, including the Navy WAVES, the SPARS of the Coast Guard and the (civil) Women Airforce Service Pilots. The British Armed Forces also had similar units, including the Women's Auxiliary Air Force.

The WAC was disestablished in 1978. After that, women in the U.S. Army served in the same units as men, though they were only been allowed in or near combat situations since 1994 when Defense Secretary Les Aspin ordered the removal of "substantial risk of capture" from the list of grounds for excluding women from certain military units.

Archival Resources
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Relation Name
associatedWith Alexander, Dorothy Dannies, 1912- person
associatedWith Allen, Harriet A. person
associatedWith American Women's Voluntary Services. Chicago Metropolitan Unit. corporateBody
associatedWith Anderson, Cecilia C., 1900-1992. person
associatedWith Ante, Betty Jacober, b. 1922 person
associatedWith Ante, Frank G., 1919-1973 person
associatedWith Army Administration School (Nacogdoches, Tex.) corporateBody
associatedWith Auls, Novella. person
associatedWith Bailey, Mildred C., 1919-2009. person
associatedWith Balandis, Marie A. person
associatedWith Barry, Geraldine Wallace, 1901-1980. person
associatedWith Bertha Marie (Strittmatter) Clark person
associatedWith Bezanson, Marguerite Crouse, 1909- person
associatedWith Blumenschein, Helen G. (Helen Greene) person
associatedWith Blumenschein, Helen G. (Helen Greene) person
associatedWith Boehner, Ruth P. person
associatedWith Boger, Martha, person
associatedWith Bond, Pat. person
associatedWith Bonney, Thérèse. person
associatedWith Bradley, Ruth Mills, 1911-1995. person
associatedWith Bragdon, Helen C., 1911-1998 person
associatedWith Bunker, Muriel person
associatedWith Carter, Edith M. Loughlin. person
associatedWith Catherine Coyne person
associatedWith Clark, Bertha Marie Strittmatter. person
associatedWith Clarke, Mary Elizabeth, 1924- person
associatedWith Coffey, John W. person
associatedWith Coyne, Catherine. person
associatedWith Craft, Merle R., 1921- person
associatedWith Craighill, Margaret D., (Margaret Dorothea) 1898-1977. person
associatedWith Crain, Oleta Lawanda. person
associatedWith Darby, Bessie M. Butcher. person
associatedWith Davis, Myrtle Louise. person
associatedWith Dayton, Grace. person
associatedWith DePuy, Jane E. person
associatedWith Dolan, Dorothea C., 1901 or 2-1967. person
associatedWith Dorothy Warren, 1905- person
associatedWith Downey, Josephine, 1907- person
associatedWith Duvenick, Irene E., 1906-1998. person
associatedWith Earley, Charity Adams, 1918-2002. person
associatedWith EDITH NOURSE ROGERS, 1881-1960 person
associatedWith Elder, Mary Williams, person
associatedWith Farrell family. family
associatedWith Feinberg, Helen Kosokoff, person
associatedWith Flanigen, Jean, b. 1898. person
associatedWith Flynn, Josephine Martin, person
associatedWith Freeman, Viola Pyle, d.1991. person
associatedWith Gaddy, Ruth Lillian, person
associatedWith Gill, Virginia Tracy Hunter. person
associatedWith Goldberg, Ann Kaplowitz, person
associatedWith Goldenberg, Helen H., 1921- person
associatedWith Gore, Dorothee, 1908-1982. person
associatedWith Green, Anne Bosanko, 1924- person
associatedWith Groover, Mary-Agnes Brown, 1902- person
associatedWith Grossman, Alice, 1909-2007. person
associatedWith Haack-Huskey, Susan 1948- person
associatedWith Harvey, Edna M. person
associatedWith Hastings, Margaret. person
associatedWith Hendersin, Dolores V. person
associatedWith Hill, Rose. person
associatedWith Hobby, Oveta Culp, 1905-1995 person
associatedWith Horton, H. H., (Harry Harthley), 1889-1959 person
associatedWith Horton, H. H., (Harry Harthley), 1889-1959. person
associatedWith Horwitz, Naomi, 1916- person
associatedWith Houston, Bleecker, b. 1917 person
associatedWith Hungerpiller, Lois, 1907- person
associatedWith Illinois. Governor (1941-1949 : Green) corporateBody
associatedWith Indiana University Center for the Study of History and Memory corporateBody
associatedWith Jewell, Mary L., 1902-1995. person
associatedWith Kacmarynski, Doris, 1931- person
associatedWith Kennedy, John Thomas, 1885-1969. person
associatedWith King, Grace M. person
associatedWith King, William B., 1911-1973. person
associatedWith Klein, Mary Frances Goldmann. person
associatedWith Klein, Mary Frances Goldmann. person
associatedWith Korbel, Anne Alinder, 1906-1988. person
associatedWith Larkin, Emily Schmid. person
associatedWith Leder, Williams, 1915-1974. person
associatedWith Leroux, Marguerite T., 1898-1991 person
associatedWith Levin, Adeline L., 1915- person
associatedWith Lichty, Marion Cox, 1915- person
associatedWith Litchfield, Doris. person
associatedWith Llewellyn, Harriett B., 1921- person
associatedWith Long, Westray Battle Boyce, 1901-1972. person
associatedWith Lucht, Renata A. 1924- person
associatedWith Luther, Craig Thomas, 1970- person
associatedWith Mace, Jeannie L., 1899-1953. person
associatedWith Magnusson, Betty. person
associatedWith Maiden, Cassandra L., 1952- person
associatedWith Marsh, Margaret Breed, 1919- person
associatedWith McCreery, Roberta C. person
associatedWith McDonald, Ruth Seely Berry, 1913- person
associatedWith McLeester, Carol G. B., 1921-2007 person
associatedWith Miller, Marjorie M. (Marjorie Maywood) person
associatedWith Mills, Martha L. person
associatedWith Milton Caniff person
associatedWith Milton Caniff person
associatedWith Moore, Ellen Bryan, 1912-2000, person
associatedWith Moutoussamy-Ashe, Jeanne, 1951- person
associatedWith Nabielski, Angeline C., person
associatedWith Nachtwey, Mildred, 1924- person
associatedWith Nash, Ruth Cowan, 1901- person
associatedWith Nault, Louise M. Prenevost person
associatedWith Neal, Martha A., (Martha Alice), 1915-2000. person
associatedWith O'Daly, P. Lough. person
associatedWith Oliver, Raymond A. person
associatedWith Olson, Betty M. person
associatedWith Ostrom, Charles D. Y., Sr. person
associatedWith Panning, Annie Laurie Turnbull, 1902-1982. person
associatedWith Parker, E. M. (Elizabeth M.) person
associatedWith Parrish, Noel Francis. person
associatedWith Peirce, Ruth Thompson, 1911-1994. person
associatedWith Piccolo, Catherine. person
associatedWith Pierce, Mildred, 1910-1980. person
associatedWith Plaut, Sally Hayes, 1920-1994 person
associatedWith Quattlebaum, J. R., person
associatedWith Raczynski, Dolores, 1921- person
associatedWith Radosavljevic, Julie A., 1949- person
associatedWith Ray family. family
associatedWith Ray, Rose, 1918- person
associatedWith Renard, Mary Ann, 1921- person
associatedWith Roberts, Mary Juanita Duggan, d. 1983. person
associatedWith Rogers, Edith Nourse, 1881-1960. person
associatedWith Roundtree, Dovey Johnson, 1914- person
associatedWith Rumbough, William S. person
associatedWith Rutgers University Oral History Archives Program. corporateBody
associatedWith Ruth Seely Berry, McDonald 1913- person
correspondedWith RUTH (THOMPSON) PEIRCE, 1911-1994 person
associatedWith RUTH (THOMPSON) PEIRCE, 1911-1994 person
associatedWith Salm, Mary Margaret, 1921- person
associatedWith Sanders, Luida E., 1917- . person
associatedWith Sanford, Hilda Truslow Berry, 1916- person
associatedWith Schreiner, Florence C., 1914- person
associatedWith Selvik, Martha. person
associatedWith Seno, Elvira C. 1909-1996. person
associatedWith Shuey, Nelson A. person
associatedWith Shulman, Hannah Koblenz, 1912- person
associatedWith Skilling, Carmen M. Barnes, 1908-1991. person
associatedWith Sklarz family family
associatedWith Smith, Jean. person
associatedWith Smith, Louise Aloys. person
associatedWith Steffens, Charles H. (Charles Hammond), 1861- person
associatedWith Stewart, Marjorie Johnson, 1921- person
associatedWith Stiehm, Judith. person
associatedWith Stroup, Beatrice H., 1908-2006 person
associatedWith Swift, Luther, person
associatedWith Tacheny, Christine G. Schneider, 1920- person
associatedWith Thérèse Bonney, 1894-1978 person
associatedWith Thornton, R. B. (Richard B.) person
associatedWith Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation. corporateBody
associatedWith Tyler, Wayne (Louis Wayne), 1914-1995. person
associatedWith United States. Army. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Army Air Forces. Technical Training Command (Madison, Wis.) corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Army. European Theater of Operations. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services. corporateBody
associatedWith Valdez, Guadalupe, person
associatedWith Vose, Sara, 1891-1989. person
associatedWith Wallace, Ruth E., b. 1911- person
associatedWith Wallis, Marie Pope. person
associatedWith War Effort Mobilization Campaigns Poster Collection. John W. Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising & Marketing History. corporateBody
associatedWith Warren, Dorothy, 1905- person
associatedWith Watkins, Diane M., 1955- person
associatedWith Wilke, Juanita S. Goold, 1908-1995. person
associatedWith Wilke, Ruthellen, 1932- person
associatedWith Williams, Willie Mae, 1912- person
associatedWith Wolfshohl, Myrtle. person
associatedWith Yarmouth Historical Society (Yarmouth, Me.) corporateBody
Place Name Admin Code Country
United States 00 US
Subject
Occupation
Activity

Corporate Body

Establishment 1942

English

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