George Sackville Germain papers, 1683-1785.

Clinton, Henry, Sir, 1738?-1795

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w616594m (person)

Sir Henry Clinton was the son of Admiral George Clinton (c.1685-1761) and grandson of Sir Francis Fiennes Clinton, 6th Earl of Lincoln. His father was Governor General of Newfoundland, 1732-1741, and of New York, 1741-1751. Rather than follow his father into the navy, Sir Henry embarked on a military career. He advanced steadily through the ranks, partly assisted by the patronage of his relative, the 1st Duke of Newcastle under Lyne. By the 1770s he had reached the rank of Colonel of the 12th Fo...

George III, King of Great Britain, 1738-1820

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6ck9691 (person)

George III was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. George's long life and reign were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms, much of the rest of Europe, and places farther afield in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Early in his reign, Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years' War, becoming the dominant European power in North America and India. However, many of Britain's American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence. Furt...

Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6bs9j71 (person)

Benjamin Franklin FRS FRSA FRSE (January 17, 1706 [O.S. January 6, 1706] – April 17, 1790) was an American polymath who was active as a writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher and political philosopher. Among the leading intellectuals of his time, Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, a drafter and signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, and the first United States postmaster general. As a scientist, he was a major figure in ...

Haldimand, Frederick, Sir, 1718-1791

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6b38kdd (person)

Frederick Haldimand was a British Army officer in Quebec and Governor-General of Canada. Son of Francois Louis and Marie (de Trytorreus) Haldimand, he was born in Neufchatel, Switzerland, Aug. 11, 1713. A soldier of fortune, he served in various European armies, and in 1756, came to America as lt. col. in the Royal American. He served in the Seven Years' War; was lt. gov. of Three Rivers District, 1762-64; in 1767 was in command of the Southern district of N.A. with headqua...

Shelburne, William Petty Fitzmaurice, 2nd Earl, 1737-1805

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6sv8dw7 (person)

British politician. Born William Fitzmaurice, assumed surname Petty in 1751, succeeded his father as Earl of Shelburne 1761, created Marquis of Lansdowne 1784. Worked in the House of Lords to repeal the Stamp Act and continued to pursue a conciliatory policy toward the American colonies, though opposed to their independence. He became prime minister in 1782, directed peace negotiations with the United States, France, and Spain, and resigned from office shortly thereafter. ...

Downshire, Wills Hill, Marquis of, 1718-1793

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6wh34wh (person)

Wills Hill (1718-1793), known as the Earl of Hillsborough, and later Marquis of Downshire. From the description of Letter to James Habersham, 1772 Apr. 1. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 38478005 British politician. Succeeded his father as Viscount Hillsborough in the peerage of Ireland, 1742; created Earl of Hillsborough in the peerage of Ireland, 1751; Baron Harwich in the peerage of Great Britain, 1756; Marquis of Downshire in the peerage of Ireland, 1789. As a member of P...

Coote, Eyre, Sir, 1726-1783

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w66q211j (person)

British general. From the description of Autograph letters signed (2) in third person : Ghiretti, to Sir Philip Francis, 1780 May 14 and Aug. 25. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270532717 General and Commander-in-Chief in the Madras Presidency, 1759-1762 and 1769-1770. Commander-in-Chief in India 1777-1783. From the description of Papers, 1755-[1783?]. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 122373935 1744-1746 ensign in the 27th foot; 1748-1749 corne...

Dartmouth, William Legge, Earl of, 1731-1801

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w69s298m (person)

This volume contains a list of offices and office holders in the North American and West Indian colonies created by the British Secretary of State of the colonies in 1775. The item was created by or for William Legge, 2nd Earl of Dartmouth, who was Secretary of State from 1772 through November of 1775, when he resigned and was replaced by Lord Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville. The official title for this cabinet level office was "Colonial Secretary," a position created in 1768 to help manage the ...

Townshend, George Townshend, marquis, 1724-1807

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6125wgr (person)

English soldier. From the description of Letter signed : Rainham, to an unidentifiedcorrespondent, 1798 Jan. 24. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270572968 English military officer-One of Wolfe' 3 brigadiers at siege of Quebec. From the description of Autograph signature to a document, 1779 Jan. 30. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270572971 George Townshend, 4th Viscount and 1st Marquess Townshend, was educated at Cambridge and fought at Culloden (1746), re...

Strachey, Henry, Sir, 1736-1810

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6g7467q (person)

British public official. From the description of Sir Henry Strachey papers, 1776-1783. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 70981060 1764-1768 private secretary to commander-in-chief in India; 1768-1774 MP for Pontefract; 1774-1780 MP for Saltash; 1774-1778 and 1780-1802 MP for Bishop's Castle; 1782 joint secretary to the Treasury; 1782-1783 under-secretary in the Home Office; 1794-1810 master of the king's household; 1801 baronetcy; 1802-1807 MP for East Grinstead ...

Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6g15zs9 (person)

Burgoyne was a Lieutenant General of British forces during the American Revolution, who surrendered at Saratoga in Oct. 1777. From the description of John Burgoyne letter : to M.G. Gates, 1777 Dec. 12. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 63936829 British general. From the description of ALS : near Bemis Heights, N.Y., to Horatio Gates, 1777 Sept. 27. (Rosenbach Museum & Library). WorldCat record id: 122591552 General and Dramatist. ...

Murray, James, 1721-1794

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6tf15wv (person)

James Murray, distinguished general and governor of Quebec, was born in Scotland. He was commissioned to British army about 1740 and served in several expeditions in the West Indies, Flanders and Brittany. Murray played a vital part in the conquest of Canada, serving as commander of the operations against Montreal which led to the final French surrrender. He was appointed governor of Quebec from 1760-1766. He also served as governor of Minorca from 1774 to 1782. He was made a full general in 178...

Fauquier, Francis, 1704?-1768

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6qv3xf3 (person)

Francis Fauquier was Lt. Governor of Virginia between 1758-1768. From the description of Correspondence, 1758-1768. (Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). WorldCat record id: 26924538 Francis Fauquier (1703-3 March 1768) was a Lieutenant Governor of the colony of Virginia and served as acting governor from 1758 until his death in 1768. From the guide to the Commission of Oyer and Terminer, 1761 August 15, (John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foun...

Tryon, William, 1729-1788

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6348vt8 (person)

Colonial governor of North Carolina, 1764-1771, and New York, 1771-1780. From the description of William Tryon papers, 1772-1784. (New York University, Group Batchload). WorldCat record id: 58779879 British army officer and colonial lt. governor and governor of North Carolina. From the description of Correspondence of William Tryon, 1773-1774. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 82551846 Colonial gov. of New York. From the description of Letter si...

Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham, 1708-1778

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6474wth (person)

English statesman. From the description of Letter signed : [London], to an unidentified correspondent, 1760 Apr. 30. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270891755 From the description of Autograph letter signed : [London], to Charles Townshend, 1761 Sept. 29. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270623045 From the description of Autograph letter signed : [London], to [Lord Sackville], 1758 Nov. 24. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270623042 From the description of Autog...

Pownall, Thomas, 1722-1805

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6ng4t1f (person)

British politician and antiquary. From the description of Memorandum on examination of John Hustler, 1781 October 31 : Lincoln, Eng. (Duke University Library). WorldCat record id: 19465117 From the description of Memorandum on examination of John Hustler, 1781 October 31 : Lincoln, Eng. (Duke University Library). WorldCat record id: 154270559 Thomas Pownall was a British colonial politician and author. In 1776 he wrote a one volume work called A Topographical Descri...

Howe, Richard Howe, Earl, 1726-1799

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6cz3kwq (person)

Richard Howe, British admiral; commander of the North American fleet (1776-1778); commander of the Channel fleet (1782), First Lord of Admiralty (1783-1788); created Earl Howe (1788); Commander-in-Chief of the Channel Fleet (1793-1799). From the description of Correspondence of Richard Howe, 1776-1799. (Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens). WorldCat record id: 122551617 Richard Howe, Earl Howe, British naval officer. From the description o...

Bute, John Stuart, Earl of, 1713-1792

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6xw4hs6 (person)

Prime Minister. From the description of Document signed : [London], 1763 Feb. 17. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270132552 John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Scottish nobleman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain (1762-1763) under George III. From the description of John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute manuscript material : 1 item, 1770 (New York Public Library). WorldCat record id: 77743875 From the guide to the John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute manuscript ma...

Hood, Samuel Hood, Viscount, 1724-1816

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6q05zv1 (person)

Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood (b. 12 December 1724, Butleigh, England–d. 27 January 1816. London, England) was an officer in the British Royal Navy. The son of Samuel Hood, a vicar, he entered the Royal Navy in 1741 and served on Ludlow. He became a lieutenant in 1746 and was commander of Jamaica in 1754. During the Revolutionary War battle of the Mona Passage, Hood led the British Fleet and later became the commander of Mediterranean Fleet in 1793 during the French Revolution. He rose to admir...

Dalrymple, Wm. (William), 1736-1807

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6xk9hs0 (person)

Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6bq0rsk (person)

Revolutionary patriot, Continental Army general, and traitor. From the description of Benedict Arnold papers, 1761-1794. (New Haven Colony Historical Society Library). WorldCat record id: 432702702 Prior to the U.S. Revolutionary War Arnold was a merchant and trader in the West Indies. He served in the Revolutionary Army, but defected to the British in 1780 and served until the War was over. He then went to Canada and eventually to England. He was married to Margaret Mansfie...

William Henry, Prince, Duke of Gloucester, 1743-1805

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6zs3zvc (person)

Townshend, Charles, 1725-1767

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w60p1jms (person)

Paymaster General and ex officio member of the Privy Council. From the description of Memoranda book of the Privy Council, 1765 July 19 to December 17. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 50061546 British statesman and public official. From the description of Papers of Charles Townshend, 1740-1767. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71068002 Charles Townshend was born at Raynham Hall in Norfolk, England, on August 27, 1725, the second ...

Riedesel, Friedrich Adolf, Freiherr von, 1738-1800

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6m33z05 (person)

German army officer. From the description of Papers of Friedrich Adolf, Freiherr von Riedesel, 1775-1791. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79450242 From the description of Letter of Friedrich Adolf Freiherr von Riedesel, 1778. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71131550 Hessian army officer. From the description of Papers of Friedrich Adolf, Freiherr von Riedesel, 1776-1778. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79455943 Riedesel commanded German troops in t...

Grenville, George, 1712-1770

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6qc0fw5 (person)

George Grenville, British Whig statesman and Prime Minister from 16 April 1763 - 13 July 1765. From the description of George Grenville manuscript material : 2 items, 1732-1767 (New York Public Library). WorldCat record id: 261127049 English statesman. From the description of Document signed : [London], 1763 May 20. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270509636 From the description of Autograph letter signed : Stowe, to his brother in Italy, 1731 Dec. 5. (Unk...

Sydney, Thomas Townshend, Viscount, 1733-1800

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6j395sm (person)

Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount of Sydney, British Whig statesman. Lord of the Treasury (1765), Speaker of the House of Commons (1766), and member of the Privy Council (1767), Secretary of State for Home Affairs, War, and the Colonies (1782). In the latter capacity he guided the negotiations for the Treaty of 1783 between Britain and the United States. From the description of Papers of Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount of Sydney, 1765-1787. (Huntington Library, Art Collections & Bota...

Sackville, George Germain, Viscount, 1716-1785

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w67d34kj (person)

Sackville was at the time of this letter the Secretary of State for the Colonies for Great Britain. He served in this capacity from 1775-1782. He was a member of the Parliament of Ireland (1733-1761) and of Great Britain (1761-1782). From the description of [Letter] 1779 Oct. 8, Whitehall [to] Gov. Dalling / Geo. Germain. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 352925060 British secretary of state for the colonies. From the description of Papers, 1779. (Duke Univer...

Rockingham, Charles Watson-Wentworth, Marquis of, 1730-1782

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6bg30hm (person)

English Prime-minster. From the description of Autograph letter in third person : Grosvenor Sq., to Mr. Pulteney, 1768 Dec. 18. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270656097 English prime minister. From the description of Autograph letter signed : London, to an unidentified recipient, 1776 July 10. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270852880 English statesman. From the description of Autograph letter signed : to Earl Temple, 1779 Dec. 19. (Unknown). ...

Hamilton, Henry, -1796

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w61g0phz (person)

Hamilton (1734?-1796) was a British army officer in the American Revolutionary War. He was also Lieutenant-Governor and Governor of Detroit, Quebec, Bermuda, and Dominica. From the description of Henry Hamilton papers, 1768-1933. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 612696380 Henry Hamilton (1734?-1796) was a British army officer in the American Revolutionary War. He was also Lieutenant-Governor and Governor of Detroit, Quebec, Bermuda, and Dominica. From th...

Howe, William Howe, Viscount, 1729-1814

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6js9zfj (person)

Commander-in-chief of British forces in North America from 1775 to 1778. From the description of Appointment, 1778 Feb. 23, Philadelphia, of Charles Bowden. (Rosenbach Museum & Library). WorldCat record id: 122625975 Commander of British Army troops in North America during the American Revolution. From the description of Book of general orders: manuscript, 1777. (New York State Library). WorldCat record id: 80960793 Army officer, Great Britain. ...

Arbuthnot, Marriott, 1711?-1794

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6gx5d61 (person)

Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Clinton, Duke of, 1752-1795

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6wm2g2j (person)

Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w60d5jrb (person)

Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) was an American statesman and third president of the United States. From the description of Thomas Jefferson letter, 1809. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 367818629 Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) was the third president of the United States, born in Goochland (now Albemarle County), Virginia. He was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses from 1769 to 1775, and with R. H. Lee and Patrick Henry initiated the inter-colonial committee of correspond...

Oswald, Richard, 1705-1784

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6zk5smv (person)

Scottish merchant for many years engaged in business in America and London; in 1781 he gave bail to Henry Laurens when he was imprisoned in the Tower; negotiated the peace with the Americans, and signed the preliminary articles of peace at Paris, Nov. 30, 1782. From the description of Papers of Richard Oswald [manuscript], 1779-1781. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 647860036 British merchant and politician, chief negotiator of the peace treaty that ended the Am...

Egremont, Charles Wyndham, Earl of, 1710-1763

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6h42bwd (person)

British statesman. From the description of Papers of Charles Wyndham, Earl of Egremont, 1672-1769. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71068314 ...

Dorchester, Guy Carleton, Baron, 1724-1808

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6sn0h2m (person)

Army officer and public official of Great Britain and governor of Quebec (Colony). From the description of Guy Carleton papers, Baron Dorchester, circa 1775-1786. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71009537 British governor of Quebec and commander of the British Army in Canada. From the description of Papers of Guy Carleton, Baron Dorchester, 1774-1777. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71009530 Governor of Quebec and British army officer. From the ...

Cooper, Samuel, 1725-1783

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6vd86t0 (person)

Boston, Mass. clergyman. From the description of Papers, 1718-1798. (Duke University Library). WorldCat record id: 36854566 Samuel Cooper, scholar and Congregational minister was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Following in the footsteps of his father, William Cooper, he was educated for the ministry and was graduated from Harvard in 1743. In the same year, before his ordination took place, he was called to be assistant pastor of the Brattle Street Church in Boston. Four year...

Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6fn15xz (person)

Thomas Gage, British military officer and last royal governor of Mass., was commander-in-chief in North America, 1763-1773. From the description of Letters : New York, to Sir Wm. Johnson, 1766-1771. (Newberry Library). WorldCat record id: 37737851 From the description of Letter : New York, to Honorable Lt. Governor Penn, 1766 July 2. (Newberry Library). WorldCat record id: 37737693 From the description of Letter : Montreal, to Monsr. L'anglade, 1763 July 17. (Newber...

North, Frederick, Lord, 1732-1792

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w68g8r8v (person)

Lord North was Prime Minister of Great Britain, 1770-1782. From the description of [Letter] 1773 Oct. 18, Bushy Park [to] Duke of Devonshire / North. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 300002481 English statesman. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Bushy Park, 1772 Aug. 22. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270609854 Frederick North (1732-1792) was the prime minister of Great Britain from February 1772 until his resignation in March 1782. D...

Great Britain. Army

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6p884pf (corporateBody)

Whitmore was govenor of Cape Breton Island and the Island of St. John (Prince Edward Island). From the description of Receipt for wages paid for labor in the Cape Breton colliery : manuscript, 1760. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 612812416 Administrative history unavailable. The University of Victoria Libraries Special Collections has a mandate to acquire military papers. From the description of Great Britain Army collection. [1800-1941]. (University o...

Dunmore, John Murray, Earl of, 1732-1809

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6vx0q2g (person)

Appointed governor of Virginia in 1771. From the description of Correspondence, 1771-1778. (Colonial Williamsburg Foundation). WorldCat record id: 26923951 Lord Dunmore was the British governor of the Virginia Colony, from September 25, 1771 until his departure to New York on New Years Eve, 1776. From the guide to the Land Grant to Ambrose Gatewood, 1773 June 15, (John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation) Governor of New York (1...

Abercromby, James, 1706-1781

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6c5448q (person)

Army general, second in command of the British forces in America, 1756-1758, and commander of the Albany, N.Y., garrison. From the description of Letter : Albany, [N.Y.], to Sir Wm. Johnson, 1757 Dec. 27. (Newberry Library). WorldCat record id: 35988285 British army officer. From the description of James Abercromby correspondence, 1758. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79449865 In 1756 James Abercromby was appointed second in command to John Campbell, 4th ...

Vaughan, John, Sir, 1747 or 1748-1795

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6m332nx (person)

Barrington, William Wildman Barrington, Viscount, 1717-1793

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6hd8d3z (person)

William Wildman Barrington, second Viscount Barrington, English politician. His political career was notorious, as he held continuous public office for over thirty years throughout a whole series of ministerial changes. Barrington was a regular target of the anonymous critic of British politics known as Junius. From the description of William Wildman Barrington manuscript material : 1 item, 1766 (New York Public Library). WorldCat record id: 75428351 From the guide to the Wi...

Campbell, John, 1708-1775

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6z912fn (person)

English miscellaneous writer. From the description of Autograph letters signed (2) and one letter signed : [London], to Sir Philip Francis, 1771 Oct. 24 and 1773 Dec. 28. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270134399 ...

Cornwallis, Charles Cornwallis, Marquis, 1738-1805

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w60v8jtv (person)

Governor General of India and British army officer. From the description of Papers of Charles Cornwallis, Marquis Cornwallis, 1614-1854. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71068310 British general; second in command in North America during Revolution, surrendered to Washington at Yorktown. Later governor-general of India. From the description of Proclamation, 1781 March 18, North Carolina. (Rosenbach Museum & Library). WorldCat record id: 86156104 Charle...

Johnson, Guy, approximately 1740-1788

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6vm4vsz (person)

Superintendent of Indian Affairs; loyalist. From the description of Conference minutes, 1768 October 18. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 122519721 Guy Johnson, nephew of Sir William Johnson, served as Deputy Superintendant of Indian Affairs in the northeastern American colonies and became Superintendant in 1774 when his uncle died. In 1775, at the outbreak of the American Revolution, Johnson fled to Canada and sailed to England. He returned to America in 1776, where he direct...

Amherst, Jeffery Amherst, Baron, 1717-1797

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6pc352x (person)

British army officer. From the description of Papers of Jeffery Amherst, Baron Amherst, 1759-1762. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71062467 English field-marshal. From the description of Document signed : Office of Ordnance [London], 1773 Mar. 9. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270132562 Army officer and governor general of British North America. From the description of Jeffery Amherst, Baron Amherst, papers, 1759. (Unknown). WorldCat record id...

Colden, Cadwallader, 1688-1776

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6np23ff (person)

Scientist, New York colonial official. From the description of Cadwallader Colden Papers, 1677-1832 (bulk 1711-1775). (New York University). WorldCat record id: 476912237 Governor of New York (Colony) and scientist. From the description of Cadwallader Colden family papers, 1686-1830. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79453882 Colonial New York philosopher and scientist, and political official. From the description of Letter : New York, [N.Y.], t...

Fox, Charles-James, 1749-1806

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6xk8ktw (person)

Charles James Fox was born in London on January 24, 1749. After attending Eton and Oxford, his first political success came with his election to Parliament in 1768. Though he initially supported the government's efforts against the populist machinations of John Wilkes, Fox's political views began to shift after receiving and resigning a number of political appointments, leading him to increasingly ally himself with the Rockingham Whigs. During the early 1770s, Fox opposed the British economic po...