Merriam, Clinton Hart, 1855-1942

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C. Hart Merriam was a biologist who work for the Smithsonian Institution from 1910-1939. Merriam was born December 5, 1855 in New York City. His childhood was spent in Locust Grove, Lewis County, New York. Merriam’s father introduced him to Prof. Spencer Baird who attached the seventeen year old Merriam to a government expedition, the Hayden Survey. He spent a summer collecting birds and eggs in the Yellowstone region. That year, he attended college, first at the Pingry Military School in Elizabeth, New Jersey, and later at Williston Seminary of Easthampton, Massachusetts. Following short stays at each school, in 1874 he went to Yale where he spent three years in the Sheffield Scientific School. Merriam transferred from Yale to the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia, receiving his M.D. in 1879. In 1883, Merriam was elected secretary of the newly organized, American Ornithologists’ Union, and became chairman of the Committee on Bird Migration. Merriam's work at the end of the 19th century was instrumental is the emerging field of ecology. His field work and affiliation with the US Department of Agriculture led to his "life zones" concept being highly regarded throughout science. His theory focused on mapping how plants and animals are distributed across landscapes, and how they succeed at different levels from base to summit. Throughout time, Merriam’s interest in mammals began to grow. In 1885 he was chosen to head the Section of Economic Ornithology in the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Through his urging, the focus shifted from strictly birds to include mammals and in 1886 became known as Division of Economic Ornithology and Mammalogy. In 1896 the name again changed to the U.S. Biological Survey, and ultimately the organization is known today as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The following year he organized and directed the Harriman Alaska Expedition. He was a member and one time president of the Biological Society and of the Anthropological Society. He was a co-founder of the National Geographic, serving on the Board of Directors for 54 years. Merriam was also active in founding the Washington Academy of Sciences and was one of the men consulted in laying the original plans for the Carnegie Institution. Hart's sister, Florence Merriam Bailey, became a distinguished observer of American birds in her own right. Merriam had met her through his colleague Vernon Bailey, whom he corresponded with in 1883. Bailey was a very skilled collector, and worked extensively in the western U.S. for Merriam and the Biological Survey. His later years were spent studying California Indians, and he maintained a home in Washington and another in Lagunitas, California. In 1886 he married to Elizabeth Gosnell, of Martinsburg, West Virginia and they had two daughters. Merriam died at the age of 87 on March 19, 1942.

Smithsonian Institution Archives Field Book Project: Person : Description : rid_300_pid_EACP297

Naturalist, zoologist, and ethnologist.

From the description of Papers of C. Hart Merriam, 1873-1938. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 81776761

Naturalist and founder of the U.S. Biological Survey (1885-1910). Studied California Indians, recording their languages (ca. 1898-1938).

From the description of C. Hart Merriam papers relating to work with California Indians, 1850-1974 (bulk 1898-1938). (University of California, Berkeley). WorldCat record id: 86118205

From the description of C. Hart Merriam papers : including correspondence, papers relating to career with the United States Biological Survey, 1798-1972 (bulk 1871-1942) (University of California, Berkeley). WorldCat record id: 26643603

Biographical Sketch

  • 1855: Born in New York, December 5 to Clinton Levi Merriam, a merchant, banker, and member of Congress and Caroline Hart Merriam. Siblings include an older brother, Charles Collins Merriam, and younger sister, Florence Merriam. Florence married an associate of C. Hart's, Vernon Bailey.
  • 1872: Naturalist, Hayden Survey of the territories.
  • 1877: A Review of the Birds of Connecticut published.
  • 1879 - 1885 : Received M.D. degree Columbia University. Practiced medicine for six years.
  • 1883: Surgeon, S.S. Proteus Arctic Seal Fishery from Newfoundland.
  • 1884: Mammals of the Adirondacks published.
  • 1885 - 1910 : Appointed Special Agent in charge of Economic Ornithology under the Division of Entomology of the Department of Agriculture. This division evolved into the U.S. Biological Survey, of which Merriam was named chief. He held the position for twenty-five years.
  • 1886: October 15. Married Virginia Elizabeth Gosnel.
  • 1889: U.S. Biological Survey to the San Francisco Mountains, Arizona. Merriam developed the life zone concepts.
  • 1890: May 21. Daughter Dorothy born.
  • 1891: U.S. Biological Survey of Death Valley, California. Merriam revised and expanded the life zone concepts.
  • 1891: Appointed by President Harrison to a commission to investigate the problems of pelagic sealing in the Bering Sea.
  • 1891 - 1892 : President, Biological Society of Washington.
  • 1892: April 14. Daughter Zenaida born.
  • 1898: U.S. Biological Survey of Mount Shasta, California.
  • 1899: Harriman Alaska Expedition.
  • 1900 - 1902 : President, American Ornithologist's Union.
  • 1905: "Indian Population of California" published.
  • 1907: "Distribution and Classification of the Mewan Indians of California" published.
  • 1910: Resigned from U.S. Biological Survey. Began biological and ethnological investigations with financial support from the E. H. Harriman Fund. Ethnological work was primarily with California Indian tribes. Continued until 1936.
  • 1910: Dawn of the World published.
  • 1917 - 1925 : Chairman, U.S. Board on Geographic Names.
  • 1919 - 1921 : President, American Society of Mammalogists.
  • 1920 - 1921 : President, Anthropological Society of Washington.
  • 1924 - 1925 : President, American Society of Naturalists.
  • 1928: An-nik-a-del, the History of the Universe, as told by the Modes-se Indians of California published.
  • 1931: Received Roosevelt Medal "for distinguished work in biology."
  • 1942: Died in Berkeley, California, March 19 at age of eighty-six.
Posthumous Publications Boundary Descriptions of California Indian Stocks and Tribes. Co-authored with Zenaida Merriam Talbot; edited by Robert F. Heizer.Berkeley:Archaeological Research Facility,1974. Chumash Place Name Lists. Compilations by A. L. Kroeber,C. Hart Merriam, and H. W. Henshaw; edited by R. F. Heizer. Berkeley:Archaeological Research Facility,1975. Ethnogeographic and Ethnosynonymic Data From Northern California Tribes. Assembled and edited by Robert F. Heizer. Berkeley:Archaeological Research Facility, Department of Anthropology, University of California,1976. Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes. Compiled and edited by Robert F. Heizer.Berkeley:University of California Archaeological Research Facility,1966-67. Indian Names For Plants and Animals Among Californian and Other Western North American Tribes. Assembled and annotated by Robert F. Heizer.Socorro, N.M.:Ballena Press,1979. Studies of California Indians. Edited by the staff of the Department of Anthropology of the University of California. Berkeley:University of California Press,1955. "Village Names in Twelve California Mission Records." Assembled and edited by Robert F. Heizer. Berkeley: Reports of the University of California Archaeological Survey, no. 74 (1968). Selected Bibliography Grinnell, Hilda Wood.Bibliography of Clinton Hart Merriam.[S.l.: s.n., 1943?] Osgood, Wilfred Hudson. Biographical Memoir of Clinton Hart Merriam, 1855-1942. Washington:National Academy of Sciences,1945. Biographical memoirs (National Academy of Sciences U.S.); v. 24, 1st memoir. Phillips, Arthur Morton [et. al.]. Expedition to the San Francisco Peaks: C. Hart Merriam and the Life Zone Concept. Flagstaff, Ariz.:Museum of Northern Arizona,1988. Plateau; v. 60, no. 2. Sterling, Keir B.Last of the Naturalists: the Career of C. Hart Merriam.New York:Arno Press,1974 (revised 1977) Talbot, Zenaida Merriam. "Obituary." Science, vol. 95, no. 2474 (May 29, 1942),pp. 545-546.

From the guide to the C. Hart Merriam Papers, Volume 2: Correspondence; Papers Relating to Career With United States Biological Survey, 1798-1972, (bulk 1871-1942), (The Bancroft Library)

Biographical Sketch

  • 1855: Born in New York, December 5 to Clinton Levi Merriam, a merchant, banker, and member of Congress and Caroline Hart Merriam. Siblings include an older brother, Charles Collins Merriam and younger sister Florence Merriam. Florence married an associate of C. Hart's, Vernon Bailey.
  • 1872: Naturalist on the Hayden Survey of the territories.
  • 1877: A Review of the Birds of Connecticut published.
  • 1879 - 1885 : Received M.D. Columbia University. Practiced medicine for 6 years.
  • 1883: Surgeon on S.S. Proteus Arctic Seal Fishery from Newfoundland.
  • 1884: Mammals of the Adirondacks published.
  • 1885 - 1910 : Appointed Special Agent in charge of Economic Ornithology under the Division of Entomology of the Dept. of Agriculture. This Division evolves into the U.S. Biological Survey, of which Merriam is named chief. He holds the position for 25 years.
  • 1886: October 15. Marries Virginia Elizabeth Gosnel.
  • 1889: U.S. Biological Survey to the San Francisco Mountains, Arizona. The life zone concepts are developed.
  • 1890: May 21. Daughter Dorothy born.
  • 1891: Appointed by President Harrison to a commission to investigate the problems of pelagic sealing in the Bering Sea.
  • 1891 - 1892 : President, Biological Society of Washington
  • 1892: April 14. Daughter Zenaida born.
  • 1898: U.S. Biological Survey of Mount Shasta, California.
  • 1899: Harriman Alaska Expedition
  • 1900 - 1902 : President, American Ornithologist's Union
  • 1905: Indian Population of California published.
  • 1907: Distribution and Classification of the Mewan Indians of California published.
  • 1910: Resigns from U.S. Biological Survey. Begins biological and ethnological investigations with Harriman special trust fund. Ethnological work is primarily with California Indian tribes. Continues until 1936.
  • 1910: Dawn of the World published.
  • 1917 - 1925 : Chairman, U.S. Board on Geographic Names
  • 1919 - 1921 : President, American Society of Mammalogists
  • 1920 - 1921 : President, Anthropological Society of Washington
  • 1924 - 1925 : President, American Society of Naturalists
  • 1928: An-nik-a-del, the History of the Universe, as told by the Modes-se Indians of California published.
  • 1931: Receives Roosevelt Medal "for distinguished work in biology."
  • 1942: Dies in Berkeley, Calif., March 19 at age of 86.

From the guide to the C. Hart Merriam Collection of Native American Photographs, ca. 1890-1938, (The Bancroft Library. University of California, Berkeley.)

Biographical Sketch

  • 1855: Born in New York, December 5 to Clinton Levi Merriam, a merchant, banker, and member of Congress and Caroline Hart Merriam. Siblings include an older brother, Charles Collins Merriam, and younger sister, Florence Merriam. Florence married an associate of C. Hart's, Vernon Bailey.
  • 1872: Naturalist, Hayden Survey of the territories.
  • 1877: A Review of the Birds of Connecticut published.
  • 1879 - 1885 : Received M.D. degree Columbia University. Practiced medicine for six years.
  • 1883: Surgeon, S.S. Proteus Arctic Seal Fishery from Newfoundland.
  • 1884: Mammals of the Adirondacks published.
  • 1885 - 1910 : Appointed Special Agent in charge of Economic Ornithology under the Division of Entomology of the Department of Agriculture. This division evolved into the U.S. Biological Survey, of which Merriam was named chief. He held the position for twenty-five years.
  • 1886: October 15. Married Virginia Elizabeth Gosnel.
  • 1889: U.S. Biological Survey to the San Francisco Mountains, Arizona. Merriam developed the life zone concepts.
  • 1890: May 21. Daughter Dorothy born.
  • 1891: U.S. Biological Survey of Death Valley, California. Merriam revised and expanded the life zone concepts.
  • 1891: Appointed by President Harrison to a commission to investigate the problems of pelagic sealing in the Bering Sea.
  • 1891 - 1892 : President, Biological Society of Washington.
  • 1892: April 14. Daughter Zenaida born.
  • 1898: U.S. Biological Survey of Mount Shasta, California.
  • 1899: Harriman Alaska Expedition.
  • 1900 - 1902 : President, American Ornithologist's Union.
  • 1905: "Indian Population of California" published.
  • 1907: "Distribution and Classification of the Mewan Indians of California" published.
  • 1910: Resigned from U.S. Biological Survey. Began biological and ethnological investigations with financial support from the E. H. Harriman Fund. Ethnological work was primarily with California Indian tribes. Continued until 1936.
  • 1910: Dawn of the World published.
  • 1917 - 1925 : Chairman, U.S. Board on Geographic Names.
  • 1919 - 1921 : President, American Society of Mammalogists.
  • 1920 - 1921 : President, Anthropological Society of Washington.
  • 1924 - 1925 : President, American Society of Naturalists.
  • 1928: An-nik-a-del, the History of the Universe, as told by the Modes-se Indians of California published.
  • 1931: Received Roosevelt Medal "for distinguished work in biology."
  • 1942: Died in Berkeley, California, March 19 at age of eighty-six.
Posthumous Publications Boundary Descriptions of California Indian Stocks and Tribes. Co-authored with Zenaida Merriam Talbot; edited by Robert F. Heizer.Berkeley:Archaeological Research Facility,1974. Chumash Place Name Lists. Compilations by A. L. Kroeber,C. Hart Merriam, and H. W. Henshaw; edited by R. F. Heizer. Berkeley:Archaeological Research Facility,1975. Ethnogeographic and Ethnosynonymic Data From Northern California Tribes. Assembled and edited by Robert F. Heizer. Berkeley:Archaeological Research Facility, Department of Anthropology, University of California,1976. Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes. Compiled and edited by Robert F. Heizer.Berkeley:University of California Archaeological Research Facility,1966-67. Indian Names For Plants and Animals Among Californian and Other Western North American Tribes. Assembled and annotated by Robert F. Heizer.Socorro, N.M.:Ballena Press,1979. Studies of California Indians. Edited by the staff of the Department of Anthropology of the University of California. Berkeley:University of California Press,1955. Village Names in Twelve California Mission Records. Assembled and edited by Robert F. Heizer. Berkeley: Reports of the University of California Archaeological Survey,no. 74 (1968). Selected Bibliography Grinnell, Hilda WoodBibliography of Clinton Hart Merriam.[S.l.: s.n., 1943?] Osgood, Wilfred Hudson.Biographical Memoir of Clinton Hart Merriam, 1855-1942.Washington:National Academy of Sciences,1945. Biographical memoirs (National Academy of Sciences U.S.); v. 24, 1st memoir. Phillips, Arthur Morton [et. al.]. Expedition to the San Francisco Peaks: C. Hart Merriam and the Life Zone Concept.Flagstaff, Ariz.:Museum of Northern Arizona,1988. Plateau; v. 60, no. 2. Sterling, Keir B.Last of the Naturalists: the Career of C. Hart Merriam.New York:Arno Press,1974 (revised 1977) Talbot, Zenaida Merriam. "Obituary." Science, vol. 95, no. 2474 (May 29, 1942),pp. 545-546.

From the guide to the C. Hart Merriam Papers, Volume 1: Papers Relating to Work with California Indians, 1850-1974, (bulk 1898-1938), (The Bancroft Library)
Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Collected reprints] Cornell University Library
referencedIn William T. Hornaday Papers, 1866-1975, (bulk 1906-1936) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Stewart, George W. (George William), 1857-1931. George W. Stewart correspondence, 1905-1930. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Lummis, Charles Fletcher, 1859-1928. Lummis correspondence series papers, 1880-1928 / Chas. F. Lummis. Gene Autry Western Heritage Museum
creatorOf Stewart, George William, 1857-1931. George William Stewart Collection, 1870-1930. California state library
creatorOf Edgar A. Mearns correspondence, 1883-1915 American Museum of Natural History
creatorOf Palmer, Edward, 1829-1911. Edward Palmer notes, [ca. 1859-1891]. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Dellenbaugh, Frederick Samuel, 1853-1935. Frederick Samuel Dellenbaugh Harriman Alaska expedition journal and associated lantern slides, 1899. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
creatorOf Price, John A., 1933-. Washoe Indians research papers, 1961-1988. University of Nevada, Reno, Mathewson-IGT Knowledge Center
creatorOf Farquhar, Francis Peloubet, 1887-1974. Francis P. Farquhar papers, 1912-1968. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Dellenbaugh, Frederick Samuel, 1853-1935. Frederick Samuel Dellenbaugh Harriman Alaska expedition journal and associated lantern slides, 1899. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
creatorOf Hasselborg, Allen E., 1876-1956. Papers of Allen E. Hasselborg, 1899-1955. Alaska State Library
referencedIn Theophil Mitchell Prudden papers, 1872-1925 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
referencedIn W. L. (Waldo Lee) McAtee papers, 1883-1942, 1883-1942 American Philosophical Society
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. The McComber portion of the Rancho Monserrate [sic], San Diego Co., California. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Collection of miscellaneous annotated and manuscript maps of California and Nevada] California Digital Library
referencedIn Correspondence, 1870-1920, 1899-1903 (bulk). New York State Historical Documents Inventory
creatorOf Talbot, Zenaida Merriam. Indian stocks of Southern California : based on original maps and field notes of C. Hart Merriam, M.D. / compiled by Zenaida M. Talbot. California Digital Library
creatorOf Lummis, Charles Fletcher, 1859-1928. Lummis correspondence series papers, 1880-1928 / Chas. F. Lummis. Southwest Museum, Braun Research Library
referencedIn Charles Bendire Papers, 1874-1919, (bulk 1874-1919) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Collection of topographic maps of Nevada annotated to show the location of Indian tribes] / Collected by C. Hart Merriam. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. C. Hart Merriam papers relating to work with California Indians, 1850-1974. [microform] (bulk 1898-1938). Humboldt State University, HSU
creatorOf Read, Georgia Willis. Papers of Georgia Willis Read, 1849-1951 (bulk 1932-1951) Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Putnam, Frederic Ward, 1839-1915. Papers, 1807-1971 (bulk: 1855-1935) Peabody Museum Archives, Harvard University
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Collection of annotated and manuscript maps relating to Indians of the western United States] California Digital Library
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. Papers of C. Hart Merriam, 1873-1938. Library of Congress
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Map of a portion of Northern California from Goose Lake and Mount Shasta to Munroe]. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Collection of topographic maps of California annotated to show the location of Indian tribes and place names] / Collected by C. Hart Merriam. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn A. K. Fisher Papers, 1827-1957, (bulk 1867-1948) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. Route of Jedediah S. Smith : from Great Salt Lake to the Colorado River in the fall of 1826 / by C. Hart Merriam. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Conover, Charles Tallmadge, 1862-1961. Charles Tallmadge Conover papers, 1889-1956. University of Washington. Libraries
creatorOf Brown, Henry B., fl. 1850-1859. Henry B. Brown papers, 1851-1853. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Note on Richardson's addition to Vigors’ "Zoology of Beechey's Voyage, " 19--?, 19--? University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library Department of Special Collections
creatorOf Arctic field photographs, 1899. New York State Historical Documents Inventory
referencedIn Prudden, T. Mitchell (Theophil Mitchell), 1849-1924. Theophil Mitchell Prudden papers, 1872-1925 (inclusive), 1896-1925 (bulk) Yale University Library
referencedIn Winfrid Alden Stearns Papers, 1871-1906 American Philosophical Society
creatorOf Panoramic view of California wheat field, windmill, and ranch buildings at foot of mountains. By C. Hart Merriam, 1903 National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Harry C. Oberholser Papers 1883-1960 (bulk 1920-1945) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Vernon Bailey papers, 1828-1958, 1884-1942 Univerisity of Wyoming. American Heritage Center.
referencedIn California Cornerstones: Selected Images from The Bancroft Library Pictorial Collection Bancroft Library
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. C. Hart Merriam papers relating to work with California Indians, 1850-1974 (bulk 1898-1938). UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Keeler, Charles Augustus, 1871-1937. Charles Augustus Keeler papers, 1858-1949. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Talbot, Zenaida Merriam. Indian stocks of northern California : based on original maps, manuscripts and field journals of C. Hart Merriam, M.D. / by Zenaida M. Talbot. California Digital Library
referencedIn Joseph Beal Steere Papers, 1861-1941 Bentley Historical Library
creatorOf Avery, William Cushman, 1831-1844. Papers, 1852-1893. Alabama Department of Archives and History
creatorOf Ward, Lester Frank, 1841-1913. Correspondence, 1865-1913, "Margerie" to "Parry". Brown University Archives, John Hay Library
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Collection of annotated and hand colored maps of North America, showing major life zones and the distribution of selected species / C. Hart Merriam]. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Area in northwestern California showing territory of the Tlo-hom-tah-hoi, Ko-no-me-ho and Hah-to-ke-he-wuk tribes, with parts of the adjoining tribes / by C. Hart Merriam]. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn William Frederic Badè papers, 1871-1936 Bancroft Library
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. C. Hart Merriam journal of a trip in Idaho : photocopy, 1890 Aug.-Oct. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn A Souvenir of the Harriman Alaska Expedition, May-August 1899 University of Washington Libraries Special Collections
referencedIn Grinnell, George Bird, 1849-1938. George Bird Grinnell papers, 1859-1939 (inclusive), 1886-1929 (bulk). Yale University Library
referencedIn George Bird Grinnell papers, 1859-1939 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. C. Hart Merriam papers, 1854-1902, 1869-1887 (bulk). Cornell University Library
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Sketch map of area around the mouth of the Colorado River showing Cocopa Indian settlement] / [C. Hart Merriam] UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Collection of annotated maps showing the distribution of various species in the United States, and adjoining regions of Canada and Mexico]. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Heizer, Robert Fleming, 1915-1979. [Collection of miscellaneous maps]. California Digital Library
creatorOf C. Hart Merriam Papers, Volume 1: Papers Relating to Work with California Indians, 1850-1974, (bulk 1898-1938) Bancroft Library
creatorOf Nicholson, Grace, d. 1948. Papers and Addenda of Grace Nicholson, 1784-1975 (bulk 1900-1951). Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. C. Hart Merriam collection of Native American photographs [microform]. Humboldt State University, HSU
referencedIn A Souvenir of the Harriman Alaska Expedition, May-August 1899 University of Washington Libraries Special Collections
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Collection of topographic maps of Arizona annotated to show the travels of C. Hart Merriam and the location of Indian tribes]. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Fuertes, Louis Agassiz, 1874-1927. Louis Agassiz Fuertes papers, 1892-1954, 1892-1927 (bulk). Cornell University Library
referencedIn Prudden, T. Mitchell (Theophil Mitchell), 1849-1924. Theophil Mitchell Prudden papers, 1872-1925 (inclusive), 1896-1925 (bulk). Yale University Library
referencedIn William B. Provine collection of evolutionary biology reprints, 20th century. Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.
referencedIn Mary Harriman Rumsey collection of Harriman Alaska Expedition photographs National Museum of the American Indian (U.S.) Archive Center
creatorOf Palmer, Edward, 1829-1911. Ehrenberg A T for California : ms., 1870 Sept. 28 - Oct. 2. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Beattie, R. Kent (Rolla Kent), 1875-1960. Papers, 1899-1956 Washington State University Libraries Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections (MASC)
referencedIn Grinnell, George Bird, 1849-1938. George Bird Grinnell papers, 1859-1939 (inclusive), 1886-1929 (bulk). Yale University Library
creatorOf Wooden jailhouse in Wyoming Territory. By C. Hart Merriam, 1893 National Archives at College Park
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. C. Hart Merriam collection, [1899] Princeton University Library
referencedIn Correspondence, 1870-1960, 1890-1946 (bulk) New York State Historical Documents Inventory
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. [Distribution of grizzly bears in the western United States in May, July, and Nov. 1912 / C. Hart Merriam]. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Century Company records New York Public Library. Manuscripts and Archives Division
creatorOf Steere, Joseph Beal, 1842-1940. Joseph B. Steere papers, 1861-1941. Bentley Historical Library
creatorOf C. Hart Merriam Collection of Native American Photographs, ca. 1890-1938 Bancroft Library
creatorOf Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942. Route of Jedediah S. Smith : from Great Salt Lake to the Colorado River in the fall of 1826 / by C. Hart Merriam. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf C. Hart Merriam Papers, Volume 2: Correspondence; Papers Relating to Career With United States Biological Survey, 1798-1972, (bulk 1871-1942) Bancroft Library
creatorOf Allen, J. A. (Joel Asaph), 1838-1921. Correspondence, 1870-1919 (bulk 1899-1902). American Museum of Natural History
referencedIn Bailey, Vernon, 1864-1942. Vernon Bailey papers, 1828-1948 (bulk 1884-1942). Univerisity of Wyoming. American Heritage Center.
referencedIn McAtee, W. L. (Waldo Lee), 1883-1962. Papers, 1883-1942. American Philosophical Society Library
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associatedWith Ward, Lester Frank, 1841-1913. person
associatedWith Washington Academy of Sciences (Washington, D.C.) corporateBody
alumnusOrAlumnaOf Yale University. corporateBody
Place Name Admin Code Country
North America
Canada
United States
Mexico
California
California
California
Alaska
Alaska
Nevada
North America
Idaho
Nevada
West (U.S.)
California
Arizona
North America
Adirondack Mountains (N.Y.)
California
California
Alaska
Southwest, New
US; concerns Great Britain.
United States
United States
California
West (U.S.)
Southwest, New
Arctic regions
Subject
Anthropological linguistics
Anthropological linguistics
Bears
Bering Sea controversy
Biogeography
Biogeography
Botany
Cocopa Indians
Ethnology
Grizzly bear
Indians of North America
Indians of North America
Indians of North America
Indians of North America
Indians of North America
Indians of North America
Indians of North America
Life zones
Life zones
Mammals
Names, Indian
Natural history
Ornithologists
Ornithology
Wildlife conservation
Occupation
Biologists
Ethnologists
Naturalist
Ornithologists
Photographers
Zoologists
Activity

Person

Birth 1855-12-05

Death 1942-03-19

Americans

English

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