Papers, 1812-1897.

Baird, Spencer Fullerton, 1823-1887

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At only 27, the ornithologist Spencer Fullerton Baird (1823-1887) was appointed Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, a precocious appointment that suited a precocious scientist. Born into a well to do family in Reading, Pa., and raised in Carlisle, Baird acquired an interest in natural history even prior to enrolling at Dickinson College at age 13. Although he was not an outstanding student, he was unusually committed to his course in life, keeping meticulous notes of ...

Bache, A. D. (Alexander Dallas), 1806-1867

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Alexander Dallas Bache (1806-1867) was an important scientific reformer during the early nineteenth century. From his position as superintendent of the United States Coast Survey, and through leadership roles in the scientific institutions of the time, Bache helped bring American science into alignment with the professional nature of its European counterpart. In addition, Bache fostered the reform of public education in America. On July 19, 1806 Alexander Dalla...

Harris, Thaddeus William, 1795-1856

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Harris (Harvard, A.B. 1815; M.D. 1820) served as Librarian of Harvard, 1831-1856 and also lectured on natural history at Harvard, 1837-1842. He published about 100 articles on insects and insect-related diseases, compiled indexes to major works on entomology, and also wrote on squashes and pumpkins for the New England farmer. From the description of Papes of Thaddeus William Harris, 1818?-1852 (inclusive). (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 40961354 ...

Hall, James, 1811-1898

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Geologist and paleontologist who served several years as the state geologist of Iowa (1855-1858). He began his career as a geologist in New York in the 1830s and also served as the state geologist for Wisconsin (1857-1860). From the description of Geological report of Iowa, 1860. (State Historical Society of Iowa, Library). WorldCat record id: 608305948 Hall was educated at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, N.Y. and studied under Amos Eaton. He worked on the New ...

LeConte family.

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Schwartz, Eugene Amandus, 1844-1928.

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Frazer, John Fries, 1812-1872

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John Fries Frazer was a Philadelphia scientist, who studied under A. D. Bache, Robert Hare, and Henry D. Rogers. He taught chemistry and natural philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania (1844-1872) and was editor of the Franklin Institute's "Journal" (1850-1866). From the description of Papers, 1834-1871. (American Philosophical Society Library). WorldCat record id: 122523586 John Fries Frazer was a professor of chemistry and natural philosophy at the University of Penns...

Henry, Joseph, 1797-1878

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Joseph Henry (1797-1878, APS 1835), a physicist, was the first secretary and director of the Smithsonian Institution, a post he retained for over three decades. Henry was a leading experimental scientist whose contributions include several discoveries in the field of electromagnetics. He has been credited with the invention of the electromagnet and the telegraph, among other things. Henry was born in 1797 in Albany, New York, the son of William Henry, a teamster, and his wife An...

Osten-Sachen, Carl Robert, freiherr von der, 1826-1906.

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Chapman, Henry C. (Henry Cadwalader), 1845-1909

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Epithet: merchant, of Liverpool British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000001303.0x000143 ...

Coues, Elliott, 1842-1899

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American naturalist. From the description of ALS, 1874 Aug. 25, Rocky Mountains, lat. 40° N [Montana], to Thomas George Gentry. (Rosenbach Museum & Library). WorldCat record id: 122617038 William Clark requested that Nicholas Biddle, scholar, statesman, and financier, write a narrative of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, which was published in 1814 as "History of the Expedition of Captains Lewis and Clark." From the guide to the Nicholas Biddle correspondence,...

Ord, George, 1781-1866

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George Ord was a naturalist and philologist. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1817. From the description of Correspondence, 1844-1852, to Titian Ramsay Peale. (American Philosophical Society Library). WorldCat record id: 122632852 From the description of Notes, [n.d.], on the use of French verbs. (American Philosophical Society Library). WorldCat record id: 122380137 Ord was a naturalist and philologist. From the description of Geo...

LeConte, John L. (John Lawrence), 1825-1883

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American entomologist John L. LeConte was the son of distinguished entomologist John LeConte. Born in New York and educated as a physician, LeConte's inheritance meant he never had to practice medicine; instead, he continued his father's work in entomology, publishing his first paper at the age of nineteen. He travelled across the United States and later the world collecting and describing insects, especially beetles. Many of his papers were translated and republished in Europe, and the collecti...

Furness, Horace Howard, 1833-1912

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American Shakespeare scholar. From the description of Letters : to Dr. John C. Rolfe, 1910. (Getty Research Institute). WorldCat record id: 79028412 Shakespearean scholar. From the description of Papers of Horace Howard Furness, 1872-1899. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 56349747 Horace Howard Furness was a lawyer and Shakespeare scholar. From the description of Scrapbook, 1869-1911. (American Philosophical Society Library). Wor...

Wilkes, Charles, 1798-1877

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Wilkes was a career U.S. naval officer who, as captain of the San Jacinto, provoked the Trent Affair in 1861. From the description of Letter, November 1861. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 61770003 Charles Wilkes, American naval officer and explorer, was born on April 3, 1798 in New York, NY. He surveyed Narragansett Bay in 1832-1833, which led to his appointment to a depot of charts and instruments, which later became the Naval Observatory. In 18...

Ulke, Henry, 1821-1910

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United States. Army

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The United States Army is the largest branch of the United States Armed Forces and performs land-based military operations. It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution, Article 2, Section 2, Clause 1 and United States Code, Title 10, Subtitle B, Chapter 301, Section 3001. As the largest and senior branch of the U.S. military, the modern U.S. Army has its roots in the Continental Army, which wa...

LeConte, Joseph, 1823-1901

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Joseph LeConte, born in 1823, graduated from the University of Georgia in 1841. He enrolled in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1844 and received an M.D. in 1845. He married Elizabeth Caroline Nisbet in 1847 and established a medical practice in Macon. Because his first love was geology, however, he enrolled in the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard College in 1850 to study with the famous naturalist Louis Agassiz. Upon completing his studies in 1851 he returned to Georgia and became...

Gould, Benjamin Apthorp, 1824-1896

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American astronomer. Graduated Harvard, 1844; University of Göttingen (Germany), 1848. He returned to the United States with the hope of establishing an era for astronomy. In 1849 he founded and became the first editor of the "Astronomical Journal." In 1855, he became director of the Dudley Observatory. A public controversy arose when he disagreed with the Scientific Council and Trustees of the Observatory as to management of the facility. He was terminated as director in 1859. From ...

Horn, George H. (George Henry), 1840-1897

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Hubbard, H. G. (Henry Guernsey), 1850-1899

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Henry Guernsey Hubbard (1850-1899), horticulturist, botanist, and entomologist, graduated from Harvard University in 1873. His interest in entomology was influenced by Hermann Hagen, Baron von Osten-Sacken, and Eugene Amandus Schwarz, who became his closest professional colleague. Hubbard and Schwarz conducted several expeditions to Michigan, collecting specimens in the Lake Superior region in 1874, 1876, 1877, and 1878. In 1877 he traveled to Jamaica to study and collect termites. He accepted a...

Blodget, Lorin, 1823-1901

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Lorin Blodget was a statistician, climatologist, and publicist. From the description of Observers and correspondents of the Smithsonian Institution, 1854. (American Philosophical Society Library). WorldCat record id: 122347494 From the guide to the Observers and correspondents of the Smithsonian Institution, 1854, 1854, (American Philosophical Society) ...

Sclater, Philip Lutley, 1829-1913

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Epithet: FRS, Sec Zoological Society of London British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000758.0x0001eb ...

Schaum, Herm. Rud. (Hermann Rudolf), 1819-1865

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Emory, William H. (William Hemsley), 1811-1887

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Soldier who served during the Mexican and Civil wars and surveyor of United States territory west of the Mississippi River with the Topographical Engineers. From the description of Papers of William Emory, 1861-1873. (University of Maryland Libraries). WorldCat record id: 25058262 American army officer. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Washington, D.C., to William Stanbery, 1867 Apr. 1. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270614403 From the d...

Barnard, F. A. P. (Frederick Augustus Porter), 1809-1889

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President of Columbia College, New York City. From the description of F.A.P. Barnard correspondence, 1865 Oct. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 761962841 American mathematician who served as president of the University of Mississippi from 1856 to 1858 and as president of Columbia University from 1864 to 1889. From the description of Letter, 1871. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 367389595 President of the University of Mississippi, 1856-1858; Chancellor of t...

Mason, Otis Tufton, 1858-1908.

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Audubon, Victor Gifford, 1809-1860

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Victor Gifford Audubon, son of the naturalist and illustrator John James Audubon, served as business manager for his father, and worked to promote and sell his father's works. From the description of Victor Gifford Audubon collection, 1845-1859. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 80153832 From the description of Victor Gifford Audubon collection, 1845-1859. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 702152756 Victor Gifford Audubon, son of the illustrator and naturalist John James ...

Steiner, Lewis H. (Lewis Henry), 1827-1892

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Lewis Steiner (1827-1892) was born in Frederick, MD. He received his M.D. degree in 1849. From 1852 to 1860 Steiner taught chemistry at George Washington University. He was chief inspector of the United States Sanitary Commission in the Army of the Potomac during the Civil War and served as president of the American Academy of Medicine in 1877. From the description of Lewis H. Steiner papers, 1861-1867. (National Library of Medicine). WorldCat record id: 14309234 Lewis Henry...

Dana, James Dwight, 1813-1895

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American scientist. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Utica, New York, to T.F. Dwight, 1865 Apr. 28. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270530661 From the description of Autograph letter signed : New Haven, Ct., to E.W. Hilgard, 1877 Mar. 27. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270870623 ...

Mendenhall, Thomas Corwin

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Noted physicist, professor at Ohio State University (1873-78) and Imperial University of Japan (1878-81), member of the U.S. Signal Corps (1884-86), President of Worcester Polytechnic Institute (1894-1901), etc. From the description of T. C. Mendenhall letter to S. S. McClure [manuscript], 1893 Apr 13. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 318545603 Smith College President (sixth), 1958-1975. Born June 14, 1910. Yale University, B.A., 1932; Ph. D., 1938. Oxford Unive...

Lesquereux, Léo, 1806-1889

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Louis Agassiz (1807-1873, APS 1843) was a zoologist and geologist. A student of Georges Cuvier, Agassiz was renown for his six-volume work Poissons fossils, a study of more than 1,700 ancient fish. Equally important was his Ètudes sur les glaciers (1840). In 1845 Agassiz moved to the United States on a two-year study grant from King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia to compare the flora and fauna of the United States and Europe. While in the United States he was invited to deliver a c...

Billings, John S. (John Shaw), 1838-1913

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U. S. Army surgeon and founder of the Army Medical Library. From the description of John Shaw Billings letters, 1891, Apr. 13 and May 13, New York City, to W.R. Benjamin. (Duke University). WorldCat record id: 34992422 1860. Graduated from Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, with A.B., M.A. From the description of General correspondence June 1862-Oct. 1901 [microform]. (Alma Public Library). WorldCat record id: 7883610 The Adjutant General of the Army had re...

Hayden, F. V. (Ferdinand Vandeveer), 1829-1887

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Geologist who began his career as a teacher in Oberlin, Ohio. From the description of Ferdinand V. Hayden papers, 1846-1865. (Rhinelander District Library). WorldCat record id: 18376030 Surveyor and geologist. From the description of Hayden, F. V. (Ferdinand Vandeveer), 1829-1887 (U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). naId: 10570213 F. V. Hayden (1829-1887) was a physician turned geologist, explorer, and naturalist; originally of Westfield,...

Hayes, Rutherford Birchard, 1822-1893

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Rutherford B. Hayes was born in Delaware, Ohio, in 1822 and earned degrees from Kenyon College and Harvard Law School before starting a career as a lawyer in Cincinnati. Hayes served as a major general in the Ohio Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War and was elected to the U.S. Congress in 1864. Hayes then was elected Governor of Ohio and later served one term as President of the United States (1877-1881) before retiring to his home in Fremont, Ohio, where he died in 1893.President of the Uni...

Lacordaire, Jean Théodore, 1801-1870.

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Agassiz, Alexander, 1835-1910

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Alexander Agassiz(1835-1910), marine biologist, oceanographer, and industrial entrepreneur, was born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland, the son of Louis Agassiz. In 1860 Agassiz began a lifetime occupation of administering the business affairs of the Harvard museum, a task made difficult by his father's penchant for excessive collecting and expenditures. After Louis's death in 1873, Agassiz succeeded to the directorship of the Harvard University’s Museum of Comparative Zoology and completed the physical...

United States. Army. Corps of Topographical Engineers

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Riley, Charles V. (Charles Valentine), 1843-1895

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Haldeman, Samuel Stehman, 1812-1880

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Haldeman was a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. From the description of Letters and papers, ca. 1855-1879. (University of Pennsylvania Library). WorldCat record id: 122490919 Samuel Stehman Haldeman was a scientist and philologist. From the description of Letters, 1859-1875. (American Philosophical Society Library). WorldCat record id: 122540802 Samuel Stehman Haldeman (1812-1880, APS, 1844) American naturalist and philologist, w...

Dohrn, Anton, 1840-1909

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Walsh, B. D. (Benjamin Dann), 1808-1869

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Benjamin Dann Walsh (1808-1869) was born in Great Britain and educated at Cambridge. Prepared for the Church, he instead became a writer and, after emigrating to the United States, a farmer, lumber dealer, and entomologist. Walsh became state entomologist of Illinois in 1867 and, with Charles Valentine Riley, founded the American Entomologist in 1868, a year before his death. Smithsonian Institution Archives Field Book Project: Person : Description : rid_841_pid_EACP838 ...

Grote, Augustus Radcliffe, 1841-1903

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Le Conte, John Eatton, 1784-1860

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Le Conte was an engineer and naturalist who lived in New York City in 1831 to 1853 and in Philadelphia from 1852 to 1860. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1851. From the description of Extracts from portfolio of original figures of entomological and other subjects. (Winterthur Library). WorldCat record id: 122503613 John Eatton LeConte was an engineer and a naturalist. He was in the Corps of Topographical Engineers of the U.S. Army, 1818-1831. He studi...

Peirce, Benjamin, 1809-1880

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Peirce (Harvard, A.B., 1829) taught astronomy and mathematics at Harvard. From the description of Papers of Benjamin Peirce, 1846-1851 (inclusive). (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 76972841 Peirce (A.B. 1829), mathematician and astronomer, was a tutor (1831-1833) and professor (1833-1880) at Harvard University, where he established the Harvard Observatory. From the description of Correspondence, ca. 1835-1880. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 79...

Hagen, Hermann August, 1817-1893

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Epithet: of the Museum of Natural History, Cambridge, Mass British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000001190.0x00004e ...

Melsheimer, Frederick Valentine, 1749-1814

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