Compare Constellations

Shapley, Harlow, 1885-1972. Papers [microform], 1910-1923.

Title: Papers [microform], 1910-1923.

Consists of scientific correspondence from the period Shapley was at Mount Wilson Observatory. Also included are some items from the early years at Harvard that were not filed with the director's records. Topics include galaxies, globular clusters, variable stars, pulsation hypothesis, eclipsing binaries, stellar and nebular photometry, spectroscopy, and cosmology. Correspondents include Robert G. Aitken, Solon I. Bailey, Robert H. Baker, Edward E. Barnard, William W. Campbell, Julian L. Coolidge, Heber O. Curtis, Arthur S. Eddington, Henry G. Gale, George Ellery Hale, Ejnar Hertzsprung, Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn, Oliver D. Kellogg, Adrian van Maanen, Edward C. Pickering, D.S. Richardson, Henry N. Russell, Frank Schlesinger, Frederick H. Seares, Vesto M. Slipher, Joel Stebbins, Robert Trumpler, William M. Wheeler, Edwin B. Wilson, and Robert M. Yerkes.

ArchivalResource: 3 microfilm reels.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/80523781 View

Agt, S. L. Th. J. van. Oral history interview with Steven L. van Agt, 1977 November 3.

Title: Oral history interview with Steven L. van Agt, 1977 November 3.

A short interview centering on training at University of Leiden; recollections of teachers: Jan Oort, Hendrik van de Hulst, Oosterhoff; work on variable stars; growth of Dutch radio astronomy; University of Nijmegen; present state of astronomy in Holland. Also prominently mentioned are: Ejnar Hertzsprung; Bulletin of Astronomical Institutes of Netherlands, Leiden Southern Station, Nijmegen University, and Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht.

ArchivalResource: Sound recording: 2 sound cassettes (ca. 1.25 hr.)Transcript: 24 p.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/80620591 View

Archive for the History of Quantum Physics, 1898-1950 (bulk), 1898-1950

Title: Archive for the History of Quantum Physics, 1898-1950 (bulk) 1898-1950

Primary source materials for the history of quantum physics in the twentieth century, collected under the auspices of the American Philosophical Society and the American Physical Society, with a grant from the National Science Foundation.

ArchivalResource: 300.0 Microfilm reel(s), 12,500 items on 300 microfilm reels; 107 recordings

http://www.amphilsoc.org/mole/view?docId=ead/Mss.530.1.Ar2-ead.xml View

Hertzsprung, Ejnar, 1873-1967. Correspondence, 1903-1966.

Title: Correspondence, 1903-1966.

Includes correspondence with a large number of astromers and physicists. Some of the names included in the correspondce are: Robert G. Aitken, A. Blaauw, Niels Bohr, Bart J. Bok, Frank K. Edmonson, P. Ehrenfest, the International Astronomical Union, Hamilton M. Jeffers, Gerard P. Kuiper, J. H. Oort, Cecilia H. Payne-Gaposchkin, Frank Schlesinger, K. Schwarzschild, H. Shapley, O. Struve, and B. Strömgren.

ArchivalResource:

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/78544160 View

Goldberg, Leo. Informal moments, International Astronomical Union General Assembly, Zurich, 1948 [motion picture] / photographed by Leo Goldberg.

Title: Informal moments, International Astronomical Union General Assembly, Zurich, 1948 [motion picture] / photographed by Leo Goldberg. 1948.

Film begins with Goldberg's visit with astronomers Antonie Pannekoek and Marcel Minnaert in Amsterdam and continues on to the meeting in Zurich. Attendees as they appear in the film include: Oleg A. Melnikov, Orlov, Evgenii Kirillovich Kharadze, Boris Kukarkin, Orin C. Moller, Andre Danjon, Jan Schilt, Hamilton Jeffers, Ejnar Hertzsprung, Frederick J.M. Stratton, Georges Lemaître, Mario Fracastoro, G. Regenni, Livio Gratton, Eric Lindsay, Hermann Brück, Joel Stebbins, Samuel A. Mitchell, Bengt Edlén, Edward Arthur Milne, Lyman Spitzer, Fred Whipple, Otto Heckmann, Jason John Nassau, Robert d'Escourt Atkinson, Donald Howard Menzel, Georgio Abetti, Karl Otto Kiepenheuer, Jan Hendrik Oort, Dirk Brouwer, William Frederick Meggers, Lucien D'Azambuja, Harlow Shapley, and Willy Hartner.

ArchivalResource: 1 film reel (4 min.) : si., col. ; 8 mm. with audio tape.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/82480988 View

Wesselink, Adriaan J., 1909-. Oral history interview with Adriann J. Wesselink, 1977 September 23 and 1978 June 21.

Title: Oral history interview with Adriann J. Wesselink, 1977 September 23 and 1978 June 21.

Early life and family interests in Holland; study at the Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht; courses in mathematics, physics and astronomy; move to Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden in 1929 and contact with Ejnar Hertzsprung; work for Hertzsprung on variable stars; Hertzsprung's career; Jan Oort's lectures on galactic rotation; recollections of Willem de Sitter; Leiden in the 1930s; Paul Ehrenfest's colloquium series; continued research with Hertzsprung during the 1930s; contact with Gerard Kuiper; research on Delta Cephei, dynamical parallaxes, and energy distributions in stellar spectra; Leiden Ph.D. thesis, 1938; stellar pulsations; Lodewijk Woltjer; year at Yerkes Observatory, 1938-1939; relations with Kuiper; recollections of staff research at Yerkes; South Africa, 1939; recollections of Marcel Minnaert. Short discussion of Jacobus C. Kapteyn, including plans and execution of 1936 eclipse expedition to Russia; war years in Holland; Dutch astronomy in World War II; living conditions; postwar move to South Africa and various positions there; move to Yale University in 1964. Also prominently mentioned are: Edwin Eugene Aldrin, Nikolai Pavlovich Barabashov, Bart Jan Bok, Dirk Brouwer, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Christie, Pierre Demarque, Arthur Stanley Eddington, Albert Einstein, Louis Henyey, Edwin Powell Hubble, Ivan Robert King, Hendrik Anthony Kramers, Bertil Lindblad, Edward Arthur Milne, A. Nijland, L. S. Ornstein, Henry Norris Russell, Karl Schwarzschild, Martin Schwarzschild, Otto Struve, Thackeray, Hendrik Christoffell van de Hulst; Bethany Observatory, Finsen Radiation Institute, Leiden Southern Station, and Radcliffe Observatory.

ArchivalResource: Transcript, 85 pp.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/80170506 View

Schwarzschild, Martin. Oral history interview with Martin Schwarzschild, 1977 March 10 to 19 July 1979.

Title: Oral history interview with Martin Schwarzschild, 1977 March 10 to 19 July 1979.

Life of his father, Karl Schwarzschild; father's scientific relationships in Göttingen (Felix Klein, David Hilbert); move to Potsdam, 1909; relations with Potsdam and Berlin scientists (Albert Einstein, Karl Sommerfeld); father's Jewish background concealed. M. Schwarzschild's youth in Göttingen and Berlin; early education, interest in astronomy and mathematics. Undergraduate at Göttingen Universität (Hans Kienle, Richard Courant, Neugebauer), 1930-1933; graduate work at Gottingen Observatory, 1933-1935; his reaction to Nazism. Introduction to astrophysics (Arthur Eddington), interest in stellar interiors and stellar evolution; contacts with other astronomers from Gottingen Observatory (Otto Heckmann, Kienle, Rupert Wildt); comments on general relativity; interest in pulsating stars; leaves Göttingen, 1936. Postdoctorate at Oslo (Svein Rosseland); Jan Oort, Ejnar Hertzsprung; mechanical analog computer for computations in astrophysics and celestial mechanics; comments on development of theory of stellar interiors, 1939-1950. To Harvard College Observatory (Harlow Shapley), 1938; C. Payne-Gaposchkin, Bart Bok; comparison of European and American observational style, social scene; Barbara Schwarzschild's difficulties as female astronomer; contacts with S. Chandrasekhar and other astronomers. Tour of the United States; visits Mt. Wilson Observatory (Wilhelm Baade, Rudolph Minkowski, Edwin Hubble, Milton Humason), 1940; Shapley's relationship with Mt. Wilson staff. Harvard (Fred Whipple), 1938-1941; Shapley as a leader; astronomy summer school at Harvard; work on Cepheid variables in M3 (Bok, Chandrasekhar); overall impact on Schwarzschild of Harvard period. Columbia University (Jan Schildt, I. I. Rabi), 1940-1942; difficulties there; origin and funding of Thomas Watson Astronomical Computing Center; discussion of cosmology in the late 1930s; contacts with physicists (Enrico Fermi). In U.S. Army, 1941-1945; enters as private, teaches math to recruits; refuses invitation to Los Alamos; transferred to Aberdeen Proving Ground, dissatisfaction there; to officers training school, does bombing analysis for Italian campaign. Work relating to stellar interiors and evolution, 1938-1946; nuclear energy source ideas (Hans Bethe, Fermi); Eddington, Gerard Kuiper, Chandrasekhar, G. Keller; German astronomers during World War II (Ludwig Biermann). Discussion of wife's career and her role in his career. Early ideas about red giants (Öpik, Herman Bondi, Fred Hoyle), 1946-1950. Work on acoustic wave energy transport (R. Richardson, Gold); work on chemical composition differences in stellar populations. To Princeton University (Spitzer, H. N. Russell), 1947; Project Matterhorn (start of bomb and fusion projects); relationship with Russell. Stellar evolution work in the 1950s; computer work (John Von Neumann, Richard Härm), mid-1950s; collaboration with Allan Sandage evolving a stellar model, 1952; computing towards red giants; observational cluster work, 1951; ages, metallicity, and the Big Bang; beginnings of "astrophysical" cosmology. Evolution theory after late 1950s; effect of computers on theoretical progress; relation of evolution theory to cosmology; general comments on his work in stellar evolution; interactions with Robert Dicke; views on cosmology, general relativity. Need for better solar convection work leads to use of balloons (James Van Allen); post-Sputnik funding; on cooperation with industry and engineers; Stratoscope II (Bob Danielson, Spitzer). Years advising the National Science Foundation, President's Science Advisory Committee, 1959-1976, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Von Neumann), to 1969; The International Astronomical Union, 1964-1970; American Asronomical Society, 1967-1973. Informal advisor to various observatories: Kitt Peak National Observatory, Mt. Wilson-Palomar Observatories, Carnegie Southern Observatory. Recent work on galactic structure. Reflects on importance of ethical standards; his feelings about religion and nature.

ArchivalResource: Sound recordings: 9 sound casssettes, 2 5-inch sound reels, 4 sessions.Transcript: 201 p.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/154306418 View

Strand, K. Aage (Kaj Aage), 1907-2000. K. Aage Strand papers, 1875-1999 (bulk 1947-1977).

Title: K. Aage Strand papers, 1875-1999 (bulk 1947-1977).

Correspondence, memoranda, speeches, lectures, writings, reports, notes, subject files, oral history, biographical material, printed matter, slides, photographs, and other papers relating to Strand's career as professor of astronomy at Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill.; scientific director of the United States Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C.; and director of the observatory's Astrometry and Astrophysics Division. Subjects include astrometry, astrometric instrumentation design, double star photography, and scientific research for the U.S. military during World War II. Correspondents include Arthur Beer, Bart J. Bok, Dirk Brouwer, William A. Fowler, W. Fricke, H.L. Giclas, Ejnar Hertzsprung, Arthur Allen Hoag, L. Houziaux, Carlos Jaschek, Gerard Peter Kuiper, Jan Hendrik Oort, Bengt Strömgren, Otto Struve, Arthur R. Upgren, Peter Van de Kamp, and the Strand family.

ArchivalResource: 15,000 items.16 containers.16 linear feet.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/646634443 View

Hertzsprung, Ejnar, 1873-1967. The Ejnar Hertzsprung archive microfiche edition of Ejnar Hertzsprung's correspondence, [1902-1967] [microform].

Title: The Ejnar Hertzsprung archive microfiche edition of Ejnar Hertzsprung's correspondence, [1902-1967] [microform].

ArchivalResource: ca. 30000 p.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13290253 View

Hulst, H. C. van de (Hendrik Christoffel), 1918-. Oral history interview with Hendrik Christoffell van de Hulst, 1978 July 20.

Title: Oral history interview with Hendrik Christoffell van de Hulst, 1978 July 20.

Brief interview concentrating on early life in Utrecht; training at the University of Utrecht and physics from Jesse Orenstein; Marcel Minnaert's influence and conditions during World War II; Leiden University and Prize Essay leads to study of growth of interstellar grains; transition to work on interstellar hydrogen. Also prominently mentioned are: Ejnar Hertzsprung, and Jan Hendrik Oort.

ArchivalResource: Transcript, 7 p.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84429754 View

Schwarzschild, K. (Karl), 1873-1916. Papers [microform], 1887-1916.

Title: Papers [microform], 1887-1916.

Correspondence; note and memorandum books; lecture notes; annotated reprints; miscellaneous manuscripts; and academic and military records. Primarily correspondence, the collection documents in detail Schwarzschild's professional and personal life, reflecting many of the social, political and scientific currents of his day. It consists predominantly of incoming letters from ca. 870 correspondents. Letters from astronomers document the history of late 19th and early 20th century astronomy; those from physicists (including 47 letters from Arnold Sommerfeld) reflect the early history of quantum theory, spectroscopy, and relativity. Correspondence with his family provides valuable insights into the history of science, the German academic community, and German Jewry. Notebooks (1891-1916) contain diary entries; drawings; student exercises in language, mathematics, and astronomy; travel notes; book lists; notes on reading; detailed astronomical observations; and calculations. Lectures (1893-1909) include material on celestial mechanics, mathematical physics, number theory, astrophysics, military tactics, and notes from Schwarzschild's poineering 1904 lectures on astrophysics taken by Max Born. Also includes published articles on both scientific and popular topics with annotations; academic awards; military records; appointment books and a diary (1916) by his wife Else Rosenbach Schwarzschild; and memoirs of his brother Alfred. Correspondents include: L. Bauer, W. Biltz, O. Birck, O. Blumenthal, L. de Ball, R. Emden, M. Friedlander, E. Fuld, B. Gombrich, K. Gombrich, B. Guanenti, Ejnar Hertzsprung, L. Kapteyn, Felix Klein, E. Maier, G. Müller, D. Oppenheim, H. Seeliger, F. Wilke-Dorfurt, and C. Wirtz; also Schwarzchild and Rosenbach family members.

ArchivalResource: 28 microfilm reels.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84429626 View

Schwarzschild, K. (Karl), 1873-1916. Papers, 1892-1916.

Title: Papers, 1892-1916.

This collection includes correspondence, notebooks, and memorandum books, lecture notes, published and miscellaneous papers, and academic and military records.

ArchivalResource: ca. 7000 items (on 28 microfilm reels).

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/17270746 View

Papers, 1906-2005

Title: Papers, 1906-2005

Papers of Dorrit Hoffleit,astronomer at Harvard and Yale Universities and at the Maria MitchellObservatory in Nantucket.

ArchivalResource: 32 1/2 file boxes,2 folio boxes, 3 folio+ folders, 1 oversize folder, 1 supersize folder, 6photograph folders

http://id.lib.harvard.edu/ead/sch00362/catalog View

Hertzsprung, Ejnar, 1873-1967. Letters to Gerard Peter Kuipper and Eastman Kodak on ordering plates for photovisual photography of double stars, 1949.

Title: Letters to Gerard Peter Kuipper and Eastman Kodak on ordering plates for photovisual photography of double stars, 1949.

ArchivalResource: 2 items.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84584720 View

Strand, K. Aage (Kaj Aage), 1907-2000. Oral history interview with Kaj Strand, 1983 and 1984.

Title: Oral history interview with Kaj Strand, 1983 and 1984.

This interview recounts Strand's career in astronomy, which began with graduate work at the University of Copenhagen (PhD, 1938, astronomy) and included positions at the Geodetic Institute of Denmark (1931-3); at the University of Leiden (1933-8); at Swarthmore College (1938-46); at the University of Chicago (1946-67); at Northwestern as Director of the Dearborn Observatory (1947-58); and at the US Naval Observatory as Director of Astrometry and Astrophysics (1958-63) and as Science Director (1963-77). The interview concentrates on Strand's astronomical research at the Naval Observatory on photographic observation of double stars, stellar parallaxes, and orbital motions in double and multiple systems, as well as his administrative activities there. He also recounts his early family life and education in Denmark, and his experiences in the American Army in WWII. Other affliliations discussed include: Ejnar Hertzsprung, Harlow Shapley, Bengt Strömgren, Peter Van de Kamp, Raymod Dugan, and Svante Strömgren.

ArchivalResource: Transcript: 126 pages.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/154303750 View

K.(Karl) Schwarzschild papers, 1892-1916, 1892-1916

Title: K.(Karl) Schwarzschild papers, 1892-1916 1892-1916

This collection includes correspondence, notebooks, and memorandum books, lecture notes, published and miscellaneous papers, and academic and military records.

ArchivalResource: 28.0 Microfilm reel(s)

http://www.amphilsoc.org/mole/view?docId=ead/Mss.Film.P-11-ead.xml View

Hoffleit, Dorrit. Oral history interview with Ellen Dorrit Hoffleit, 1979 August 4.

Title: Oral history interview with Ellen Dorrit Hoffleit, 1979 August 4.

Early life in Pennsylvania; German background; training at Radcliffe College and Harvard College Observatory; staff positions at Harvard and Yale Universities and the Maria Mitchell Observatory. Comments on growth of research interests; the administration of the Harvard College Observatory under Harlow Shapley and Donald Menzel; ballistics research during World War II; women in science. Specific research areas discussed include spectroscopy, luminosity criteria, astrometry and variable stars. Also prominently mentioned are: Robert d'Escourt Atkinson, James G. Baker, Ida Barney, Albert Bennett, Bart Jan Bok, Dirk Brouwer, Annie Jump Cannon, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Leland Cunningham, Henry Draper, Willard Fisher, Leo Goldberg, Graustein, Margaret Harwood, Ejnar Hertzsprung, Edwin Powell Hubble, Tom Johnson, F. Kopal, Frederick Leonard, Antonia Maury, Margaret Olmsted, Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, Edward Charles Pickering, Richard Prager, Dirk Reuyl, Henry Norris Russell, Harlan Smith, Theodore Sterne, Harlan Stetson, Otto Struve, Henrietta Hill Swope, Clyde William Tombaugh, Walker, Adriaan J. Wesselink, Fred Whipple; Aberdeen Proving Ground Ballistics Research Laboratory, Armagh-Dunsink-Harvard Telescope, Bond Astronomical Club, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Michelson Laboratory, Mount Wilson Observatory, Phi Beta Kappa, V-2 (Rocket), and Vassar College.

ArchivalResource: Transcript, 78 p.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84185907 View

Center for History of Physics (American Institute of Physics). History of Modern Astrophysics Archives, 1976-1979.

Title: History of Modern Astrophysics Archives, 1976-1979.

ArchivalResource: 5 boxes (2 linear ft.) ; 347 microfiche ; 67 microfilm reels.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/122474028 View

Hulst, H. C. van de (Hendrik Christoffel), 1918-. Oral history interview with Dr. H. van de Hulst 1978.

Title: Oral history interview with Dr. H. van de Hulst 1978.

Brief interview concentrating on early life in Utrecht; training at the University of Utrecht and physics from Orenstein; Minnaert's influence and conditions during World War II; Leiden University and prize essay leading to study of growth of interstellar grains; transition to work on interstellar hydrogen.

ArchivalResource: Transcript: 13 pp.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/78729827 View

Strömgren, Bengt, 1908-. Oral history interview with Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren, 1976 May 6 and 13.

Title: Oral history interview with Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren, 1976 May 6 and 13.

Family background and early interest in astronomy (Elis Strömgren). Undergraduate and graduate studies at University of Copenhagen, late 1920s; studies at Niels Bohr Institute, 1927-1929; thesis work in classical astronomy (orbits of comets). Development of photoelectric photometry and observations; early electronics, 1925; conflicting results in calculations of opacities (Arthur Stanley Eddington, Gaunt, Thomas T. Sugihara, Svein Rosseland, J. R. Oppenheimer, Meghnad N. Saha, R. H. Fowler, E. Arthur Milne, Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin); assistant at University of Copenhagen, 1929; LaSilla Observatory. To University of Chicago and Yerkes Observatory (Otto Struve), 1936-1939; starts work on formation of H #II regions, 1939; work at Mt. Wilson Observatory on absorption lines (Walter S. Adams, Theodore Dunham); estimates of ages of stars (Hans Bethe); Hubble Constant; comparison of astronomy in Europe and U.S.; European astronomers in U.S. (Gerard Kuiper, Polydore Swings, Carl Osbourne, Ejnar Hertzsprung); comments on history of Yerkes (Struve), teaching at Chicago; discussion of work on equation of ionization and calculations of opacities (Carl von Weizsäcker, Struve, S. Chandrasekhar); comments on W. W. Morgan. Discussion of work on stellar evolution, ionization of interstellar hydrogen (Struve). Effects of World War II on astronomy; influence of European astronomers on Americans; Ludwig Biermann; European Southern Observatory; views on radio-astronomy after World War II (Grote Reber). Astronomy in Denmark during war; stellar evolution (Anders Reitz, George Gamow); Strömgren becomes director of Copenhagen Observatory; developments in astrophysics during the war; optical studies. Nazi occupation of Niels Bohr Institute (Werner Heisenberg); contacts with German astronomers; development of Brorfelde Observatory. Becomes director of Yerkes and McDonald Observatory (Robert Hutchins), 1950-1957; American astronomy after World War II; relation of scientific community and government (Office of Naval Research); stellar classification work. Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton (Oppenheimer), investigation of intermediate population II and extreme population II, 1957; establishment of Kitt Peak Observatory; return to Denmark, 1967. Also prominently mentioned are: Niels Bohr, Werner Bolton, George Ellery Hale, Jacobus C. Kapteyn, Lev Landau, and Harlow Shapley.

ArchivalResource: Sound recordings: 3 sound cassettes (ca. 4.0 hrs.), 2 sessions.Transcript: 55 p.

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/83368016 View