Papers pertaining to Charles Darwin and evolution [manuscript], 1771-1921.

Lyell, Charles, Sir, 1797-1875

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Sir Charles Lyell, first baronet, (1797-1875, APS, 1842) was a geologist and lawyer, whose Principles of Geology explained “former changes of the earth’s surface” by means of “modern causes.” Critical of the “catastrophist” views of many contemporary geologists, Lyell considered the earth “a system of balanced antagonistic processes,” a theory later described as uniformitarian. Although he rejected Jean Baptiste Lamarck’s theory of species mutability early in his career, later he favorabl...

Marcet, Alexander, 1770-1822

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Humphry Davy (1778–1829, APS 1810) was a British chemist and pioneer in the field of electrochemistry. He was a major figure in the reformed chemistry movement initiated by the French scientist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794, APS 1775). Davy was the son of an impoverished Cornish woodcarver. As a youth, he was apprenticed to an apothecary-surgeon with whom he pursued a regimen of self-study that included theology, philosophy, poetics, several languages, as well as,...

Spencer, Herbert, 1820-1903

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Born 1820; educated at Hinton Charterhouse near Bath, 1833-1836; assistant schoolmaster at Derby, 1837; worked as a draftsman and engineer during the building of the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway, 1837-1841; sub-editor of the Pilot , the organ of the Complete Suffrage Movement, 1844; occupied himself anew with engineering, 1844-1846, and experimented with mechanical inventions, 1846-1847; sub-editor of The Economist in London, 1848-1853; visited house of John Chapman, the advanced publisher,...

Chambers, Robert, 1802-1871

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Scottish publisher; author of 'Traditions of Edinburgh,' 'History of the rebellion of 1745-46,' 'Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen,' and 'A life of Scott,' among others; acquaintance of Sir Walter Scott. From the description of Robert Chambers papers, [1827-1836?]. (University of South Carolina). WorldCat record id: 44616234 Publisher and author Robert Chambers was born in a small town in Scotland; after his affluent family lost their fortune, he and his brother Wi...

Leslie, John, Sir, 1766-1832

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Sedgwick, Adam, 1785-1873

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Adam Sedgwick was one of the founders of modern geology. He proposed the Devonian period of the geological timescale. Later, he proposed the Cambrian period, based on work which he did on Welsh rock strata. Though he had guided the young Charles Darwin in his early study of geology, Sedgwick was an outspoken opponent of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection. From the description of Letter to Richard Owen, [1860?], January 8. (Huntington Library, Art Collections &...

Youmans, Edward Livingston, 1821-1887

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Humboldt, Wilhelm, Freiherr von, 1767-1835

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German philologist and diplomat. From the description of Autograph letters signed (11) : Rome, to Giovanni Fabbroni [Fabroni], 1806 Jan. 25-1811 Sept. 4. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 269542916 ...

Alison, Archibald, 1757-1839

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Archibald Alison, Scottish Episcopal clergyman and writer on aesthetics. From the guide to the Archibald Alison manuscript material : 1 item, 1813, (The New York Public Library. Carl H. Pforzheimer Collection of Shelley and His Circle.) ...

Laplace, Pierre Simon, marquis de, 1749-1827

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Marquis Peirre-Simon de Laplace was among the most influential French astronomers, physicists, and mathematicians of his generation. His most famous work concerns celestial mechanics, cosmogony, and probability theory. A senator, he also played a first-rank role in orienting scientific research and policies in Napoléon's Empire. From the description of Papers, 1779-1886. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 84004470 Pierre Simon Laplace (1749-1827) was France's premier astronomer...

Fitzroy, Robert, 1805-1865

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Epithet: Vice-Admiral; hydrographer British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000001161.0x0001c6 Robert Fitzroy (1805-65), vice-admiral, hydrographer and meteorologist, second son of Lord Charles Fitzroy (1764-1829) and Frances Anne, ne Stewart (d. 1810), daughter of the 1st Marquess of Londonderry. Fitzroy served on several ships in the Mediterranean and South America. He was promoted in 1828 to command of H.M.S. Beagle, a...

Martens, Conrad, 1801-1878

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Conrad Martens was born in England and arrived in Sydney in 1835. He was the son of J. C. H. Martens, a German Consul for Australia, in London. In 1816 he left England on the ship "Hyacinth" for India. Later he succeeded the artist Augustus Earle on the ship HMS "Beagle" where he met and became a close friend of Charles Darwin who influenced his painting technique. Martens published a set of lithographs titled "Sketches of Sydney" in 1850-1851. He became Parliamentary Librarian in 1836, a post h...

Percival, Thomas, 1740-1804

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Epithet: of Add MS 32707 British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000149.0x000005 Thomas Percival, English physician. From the guide to the Thomas Percival manuscript material : 1 item, 1787, (The New York Public Library. Carl H. Pforzheimer Collection of Shelley and His Circle.) ...

Davy, Humphry, Sir, 1778-1829

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English physician and natural philosopher. From the description of Papers, 1817-1829. (Duke University). WorldCat record id: 35007362 Epithet: natural philosopher British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000497.0x00030a English chemist. From the description of Letter, 1810 May 22, to John MacMurray. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 122644626 From the description of Autograph lette...

Huxley, Thomas Henry, 1825-1895

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Huxley was an Britist botanist especially known for his work in comparative anatomy and vertebrate paleontology. From the description of [Letter] 1857? May 31, Geological Survey of Great Britain [to] Sir / T. H. Huxley. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 244251868 English scientist. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Ilkley, to W.A. Knight, 1886 Dec. 6. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 269526779 Student, Royal School of Mines, London, Eng...

Wallace, Alfred Russel, 1823-1913

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Wallace was a naturalist and collaborator with Darwin on the theory of evolution. From the description of Letter, 1895, January 16, Parkstone, Dorset, to Wallis Mansford, Esq. (University of South Carolina). WorldCat record id: 123275202 Epithet: FRS British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000751.0x00011f British naturalist. From the description of Letters to E. D. Girdlestone : ALS, 18...

Darwin, Robert Waring, 1766-1848

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Epithet: Dr British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000131.0x000315 ...

Galton, Francis, 1822-1911

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Eugenicist. Fellow of the Royal Society. Born in Birmingham, England, educated in Boulogne, Kenilworth and King Edward's School, Birmingham; trained in medicine at Birmingham General Hospital and Kings College London until 1840; B. A. Trinity College, Cambridge. A generous inheritance allowed him to devote his life to travel, and to the study of a succession of virtually unexplored fields: the weather; physical and mental characteristics in man and animals; the influence of heredity on them; her...

Hutton, James, 1726-1797

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Hooker, Joseph Dalton, Sir, 1817-1911

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Sir Joseph D. Hooker (1817-1911), botanist, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, England. From the description of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker collection, 1828-1909. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 38477374 English botanist and traveler. From the description of Autograph letter signed, dated : [London] Mar. 25 1878, to an unidentified recipient at the Daily Telegraph, 1878 Mar. 25. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270666429 Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker was...

Weale, J. P. Mansel (James Philip Mansel)

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Chapman, John, 1822-1894

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English physician, author, and editor of "The Westminster Review." From the description of John Chapman collection, 1851-1868. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 81538744 From the description of John Chapman collection, 1851-1868. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 702148215 Epithet: physician, author and editor of the Westminster Review British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000688.0x0001e1 ...

Herschel, John F. W. (John Frederick William), 1792-1871

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Engineer and Astronomer. Fellow of the Royal Society. From the description of Letters to Sir W. R. Hamilton, 1833-1865. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 78514949 Astronomer. Fellow of the Royal Society. From the description of Letters to J. D. Forbes, 1832-1859. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 86123372 From the description of Papers, 1816-1868. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 80362531 John F. W. Herschel was an English mathematician, astronomer, che...

Scott, Hugh

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Epithet: of Add MS 35534 British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000707.0x000044 ...

Playfair, John, 1748-1819

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Butler, Samuel, 1835-1902

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Samuel Butler was an English novelist, essayist, and critic. He was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, and after a time in New Zealand as a sheep farmer, returned to England in 1864 where he established himself as both a painter and a writer. His satire Erewhon (1872) foreshadowed the collapse of the Victorian illusion of progress. His autobiographical novel, The way of all flesh (1903), is generally considered his masterpiece and is a story about Butler's escape from the suffocating mor...

Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882

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Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England. His father, Robert Waring Darwin (1766-1848), was a physician, the son of Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802), a poet, philosopher, and naturalist. Robert established a successful medical practice in Shrewsbury where he was known for his kindness extended to the poor. He was financially quite successful and willing to support his sons in their various endeavors. Although not a prolific writer, he was elected to the Royal Society ...

Boehm, Joseph Edgar, Sir, 1834-1890

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Sir Joseph Edgar Boehm, Viennese-born sculptor in Britain. He was among the most popular, prolific, and successful sculptors of late nineteenth-century England. Among his many works, he is known for sculpting the head of Queen Victoria on coinage, and the statue of the Duke of Wellington at Hyde Park Corner. From the description of Sir Joseph Edgar Boehm manuscript material : 1 item, 1876 (New York Public Library). WorldCat record id: 76944791 From the guide to the Sir Josep...

Flower, William Henry, 1831-1899

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Beagle Expedition (1831-1836)

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The second voyage of HMS Beagle took place December 27, 1831 through October 2, 1836. This survey expedition was under the command of Captain Robert FitzRoy. FitzRoy brought on young geologist, Charles Darwin. This is the voyage where Darwin made a name for himself with his geological research. The main purpose of the expedition was to conduct a hydrographic survey of the coasts of the southern part of South America. It was a continuation and correction of the work of previous surveys, in order ...

Owen, Richard, 1804-1892

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Richard Owen was a comparative anatomist and palaeontologist. From the description of Letter from Richard Owen to Charles Léopold Laurillard to introduce John Gould, 1833 [manuscript]. [1833] (Libraries Australia). WorldCat record id: 277137992 Professor of the Royal College of Surgeons of London; authority on comparative anatomy, vertebrate paleontology and geology. From the description of Osteological contributions to the natural history of the chimpanzees (Tr...

Whewell, William, 1794-1866

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Darwin, Erasmus, 1731-1802

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Epithet: Mayor of Hull British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000131.0x000311 English poet, scientist, and physician. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Derby, to an unnamed correspondent [probably Andrew Knight], 1800 Sept. 25. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270518285 English physician, naturalist and philosopher. From the description of Letter, 1795, Nov. 8 : Kent, to ...

Johnson, Joseph, 1738-1809

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English bookseller and publisher. From the description of Autograph letter signed : London, to William Cowper, 1782 Feb. 18. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270871157 Joseph Johnson, bookseller and publisher, lived in London from 1761 until the last few years of his life. A Dissenter, known for his progressive political views and for his role in bringing together many of the leading intellectuals of his time, Johnson was notable for publishing such writers as Maria Edgeworth,...

Darwin, Francis, Sir, 1848-1925

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Francis Darwin was the son of British naturalist Charles Darwin, and followed his father into the study of botany. Dr. Harkness studied fungi. He was the president of the California Academy of Sciences, 1887-1896. From the description of Autograph letter signed to Dr. Harvey Wilson Harkness, nd. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 754864475 Francis Galton Darwin was a botanist. From the description of Letters, 1868-1925. (American Philosophical Society Library). World...

Hall, James, 1761-1832

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Tyndall, John, 1820-1893

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British physicist. From the description of John Tyndall letters, 1869-1880. (University of California, Berkeley). WorldCat record id: 122454707 Natural philosopher. Fellow of the Royal Society. From the description of Papers. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 80044015 English natural philosopher. From the description of Autograph letter signed : [London?], to an unidentified correspondent, [no year] Jun. 19. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270573...

Berthollet, Claude-Louis, 1748-1822

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Darwin, Emma Wedgwood, 1808-1896

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