Correspondence, 1853-1917.

Grant, Ulysses Simpson, 1822-1885

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Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant, April 27, 1822, Point Pleasant, Ohio-died July 23, 1885, Wilton, New York) was the 18th president of the United States, serving from 1869 to 1877. As president, Grant was an effective civil rights executive who worked with the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction to protect African Americans, created the Justice Department, and reestablish the public credit. Promoted lieutenant-general, in 1864, Grant led the Union Army in winning the American Civ...

Beauregard, G. T. (Gustave Toutant), 1818-1893

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P.G.T. Beauregard was a Confederate States Army general from New Orleans, Louisiana. The Aztec Club was organized in 1847 as a fraternal society for officers serving under General Winfield Scott's command in Mexico City. Several officers later became major Civil War leaders. From the description of Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard letter, 1892 Dec. 29. (Louisiana State University). WorldCat record id: 70294149 Former Confederate general and resident of New Orleans. At the t...

Sheridan, Philip Henry, 1831-1888

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Sheridan claimed he was born in Albany in the State of New York, the third child of six of John and Mary Meenagh Sheridan, Irish Catholic immigrants from the parish of Killinkere in County Cavan, Ireland. He grew up in Somerset, Ohio. Fully grown, he reached only 165 cm (5 feet 5 inches) tall, a stature that led to the nickname, "Little Phil." Abraham Lincoln described his appearance in a famous anecdote: "A brown, chunky little chap, with a long body, short legs, not enough neck to hang him, an...

McClellan, George B. (George Brinton), 1826-1885

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George Brinton McClellan (December 3, 1826 – October 29, 1885) was an American soldier, civil engineer, railroad executive, and politician who served as the 24th Governor of New Jersey. A graduate of West Point, McClellan served with distinction during the Mexican–American War (1846–1848), and later left the Army to work on railroads until the outbreak of the American Civil War (1861–1865). Early in the conflict, McClellan was appointed to the rank of major general and played an important role i...

Scott, Winfield, 1786-1866

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Winfield Scott (June 13, 1786 – May 29, 1866) was an American military commander and political candidate. He served as a general in the United States Army from 1814 to 1861, taking part in the War of 1812, the Mexican–American War, the early stages of the American Civil War, and various conflicts with Native Americans. Scott was the Whig Party's presidential nominee in the 1852 presidential election, but was defeated by Democrat Franklin Pierce. He was known as Old Fuss and Feathers for his insi...

Banks, Nathaniel Prentice, 1816-1894

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Nathaniel Prentice (or Prentiss) Banks (January 30, 1816 – September 1, 1894) was an American politician from Massachusetts and a Union general during the Civil War. A millworker by background, Banks was prominent in local debating societies, and his oratorical skills were noted by the Democratic Party. However, his abolitionist views fitted him better for the nascent Republican Party, through which he became Speaker of the United States House of Representatives and Governor of Massachusetts ...

Burnside, Ambrose Everett, 1824-1881

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Burnside was born in Liberty, Indiana and was the fourth of nine children of Edghill and Pamela (or Pamilia) Brown Burnside, a family of Scottish origin. His great-great-grandfather Robert Burnside (1725–1775) was born in Scotland and settled in the Province of South Carolina. His father was a native of South Carolina; he was a slave owner who freed his slaves when he relocated to Indiana. Ambrose attended Liberty Seminary as a young boy, but his education was interrupted when his mother died in...

Butterfield, Daniel, 1831-1901

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Butterfield was born on October 31, 1831 in Utica, New York. He attended Union Academy and then graduated in 1849, from Union College in Schenectady, New York, where he became a member of the Sigma Phi Society. That same year, his father, John Warren Butterfield, founded the express company of Butterfield, Wasson, and Co., which later became the American Express Company. After graduating, Daniel studied law but as he was too young to sit the New York bar exam, he toured the country instead. Upon...

Warren, G. K. (Gouverneur Kemble), 1830-1882

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Warren was born in Cold Spring, Putnam County, New York, and named for Gouverneur Kemble, a prominent local Congressman, diplomat, industrialist, and owner of the West Point Foundry. His sister, Emily Warren Roebling, would later play a significant role in the building of the Brooklyn Bridge. He entered the United States Military Academy across the Hudson River from his hometown at age 16 and graduated second in his class of 44 cadets in 1850. He was commissioned a brevet second lieutenant in th...

Hooker, Joseph, 1814-1879

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Hooker was born in Hadley, Massachusetts, the grandson of a captain in the American Revolutionary War. He was of entirely English ancestry, all of which had been in New England since the early 1600s. His initial schooling was at the local Hopkins Academy. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1837, ranked 29th out of a class of 50, and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 1st U.S. Artillery. His initial assignment was in Florida fighting in the second of the Seminole War...

Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891

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Sherman was born in 1820 in Lancaster, Ohio, near the banks of the Hocking River. His father, Charles Robert Sherman, a successful lawyer who sat on the Ohio Supreme Court, died unexpectedly in 1829. He left his widow, Mary Hoyt Sherman, with eleven children and no inheritance. After his father's death, the nine-year-old Sherman was raised by a Lancaster neighbor and family friend, attorney Thomas Ewing, Sr., a prominent member of the Whig Party who served as senator from Ohio and as the first S...

Lee, Robert Edward, 1807-1870

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Robert Edward Lee (1807-1870) served as General of the Confederate Army in the U.S. Civil War and was president of Washington College in Lexington, Virginia from 1865 to 1870. Lee spent the first twenty-three years of his military career in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. From 1837 to 1841 he was superintending engineer for the harbor of St. Louis and the upper Mississippi and Missouri rivers. Robert E. Lee was a United States Army officer, 1829-1861; commander of Virginia forces in the ...

Mansfield, Joseph K. F. (Joseph King Fenno), 1803-1862

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American army officer. From the description of Autograph despatch signed, in pencil : [n.p.], to General Wool, 1862 Mar. 14. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270605250 From the description of Autograph letter signed : Suffolk, Va., to Brig. Gen. Totten, 1862 June 18. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270607555 Army officer. From the description of Papers of Joseph K. F. Mansfield, 1853-1862. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79455446 Joseph King Fenno M...

Upton, Emory, 1839-1881

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American soldier, author and tactician. From the description of Autograph letter signed : West Point, to [William W. Belknap], 1875 May 11. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270573880 From the description of Autograph letter signed : West Point, to William W. Belknap, 1870 Aug. 1. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270573884 Army officer. From the description of Emory Upton correspondence, 1867 November 1. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 70981244 ...

Porter, David D. (David Dixon), 1813-1891

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U.S. naval officer. From the description of Papers, 1847-1877. (Duke University Library). WorldCat record id: 20077865 Admiral David Dixon Porter was born in Chester, PA, on June 8, 1813. He was instrumental in Farragut's capturing of New Orleans in 1862 when he set off 20,000 bombs to destroy the Confederate forts, Jackson and Saint Philip. This allowed Farragut to sail past the forts and up the Mississippi to New Orleans. He also was instrumental in the Battle of Vicksburg...

Thomas, George Henry, 1816-1870

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Thomas was born at Newsom's Depot, Southampton County, Virginia, five miles (8 km) from the North Carolina border. His father, John Thomas, of Welsh descent, and his mother, Elizabeth Rochelle Thomas, a descendant of French Huguenot immigrants, had six children. George had three sisters and two brothers. The family led an upper-class plantation lifestyle. By 1829, they owned 685 acres (2.77 km2) and 24 slaves. John died in a farm accident when George was 13, leaving the family in financial diffi...

Cullum, George Washington, 1809-1892

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Cullum was born in New York City on 25 February 1809, to Arthur and Harriet Sturges Cullum. He was raised in Meadville, Pennsylvania. His father worked as a lawyer and an agent of a land company. Cullum attended the United States Military Academy, from 1 July 1829 to 1 July 1833, when he graduated third in the Class of 1833. He designed the Independent Congregational Church at Meadville and it was built in 1835–1836. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Cullum ...

Davis, Jefferson, 1808-1889

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Mary Ann Lamar Cobb (1818-1889), wife of Gen. Howell Cobb (1815-1868). From the description of Letter to Mary Ann Lamar Cobb, 1888 Oct. 2. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 38476494 Jefferson Davis (1808-1889) was born in Kentucky. He attended Transylvania University for a short time before enrolling at West Point in 1824, at the age of 16. He graduated in 1828 and immediately joined the First Infantry. His regiment was engaged in the Blackhawk War of 1831. In 1833, he became a...

Meagher, Thomas Francis, 1823-1867

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Irish-American soldier. From the description of Autograph letter signed : New York, to Horace Greeley, 1856 May 16. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270637287 Army officer and governor of Montana (Territory) From the description of Papers of Thomas Francis Meagher, 1859-1865. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79454424 Irish revolutionary sentenced to death in 1848. After escaping to the United States, he became editor of the Irish News. He served the Union in...

Willcox, Orlando B.

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American army officer. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Angel Island, California, to William W. Belknap, 1872 Apr. 8. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270586735 ...

Rosecrans, William S. (William Starke), 1819-1898

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General during the Civil War; congressman from California (1881-1885); U.S. Register of the Treasury (1885-1893). From the description of Papers, 1864-1895. (University of Notre Dame). WorldCat record id: 24039377 William Starke Rosecrans was an inventor, coal-oil company executive, diplomat, politician, and United States Army officer during the Civil War. He was the victor at prominent Western Theater battles such as Second Corinth, Stones River, and the Tullahoma Campaign,...

Buckner, Simon Bolivar, 1823-1914

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Simon Bolivar Buckner, governor of Kentucky during 1887-91, was born near Munfordville, Kentucky, in 1823, to Aytell Hartswell and Elizabeth Ann Buckner. He entered West Point in 1840 and saw active duty in the Mexican War after graduation. He later became head of Kentucky's state militia, then joined the Confederate Army as brigadier general at the start of the Civil War. After the war, Buckner was a journalist and businessman in New Orleans until he was allowed to return to Kentucky in 1868. I...

Johnston, Albert Sidney, 1803-1862

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Native of Kentucky; educated privately and at Transylvania University; graduate of West Point; served in the Black Hawk War; commanded the Army of Texas during the late 1830's; served in the Mexican War with the 1st Texas Rifle Volunteers; commissioned paymaster in the United States Army and later commanded the Department of Texas; resigned to join the Confederate Army in 1861 and commanded the Western Department from 1861 through the Battle of Shiloh, April 1862, where he was mortally wounded. ...

Porter, Fitz-John, 1822-1901

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U.S. Army officer during the Civil War and public official, New York and New Jersey. From the description of Letters, 1894-1895. (Portsmouth Athenaeum Library & Museum). WorldCat record id: 70975832 American army officer. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Morristown, to an unidentified Senator, [1876?] Feb. 29. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270618668 From the description of Autograph telegram signed : [n.p.], to General Morell, Miner...

Porter, Lucia Chauncey.

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Custer, Elizabeth Bacon, 1842-1933

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American author and wife of General George A. Custer. From the description of Letter, 1905. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 122486737 Elizabeth Bacon married Gen. George Armstrong Custer in 1864. After her husband's death in 1876, she was instrumental in promoting his legacy as a hero and role-model. In addition to her books about her life with her husband, Elizabeth Bacon Custer supported herself by working as a journalist. From the description of Oberammergau pa...

Ruggles, George D. (George David), -1904

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