National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Records 1842-1999 (bulk 1919-1991)

Johnson, James Weldon, 1871-1938

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w62g8fd2 (person)

James Weldon Johnson was a publisher, educator, lawyer, composer, artist, diplomat, and civil rights leader. Together with his brother, J. Rosamond Johnson, he wrote the song "Lift Every Voice and Sing", which came to be known as the "Negro National Anthem", as well as a large number of popular songs for the musical stage of the early twentieth century. Johnson also served as consul of the United States to Venezuela and Nicaragua. He wrote several books and served as editor of the New York Age. ...

Congress of Racial Equality

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Downtown CORE (Congress of Racial Equality), a chapter of the CORE national organization, was formed in March 1963 and remained active until the end 1966. Based on Manhattan's Lower East Side, it was one of nearly a dozen New York City local chapters organized in the early 1960s. Its founders included Rita and Michael Schwerner (the latter one of the group of three civil rights workers murdered in Philadelphia, Mississippi in 1964), and its members included radical pacifist Igal Rodenko, anarchi...

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

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The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), also referred to as the Freedom Democratic Party, was an American political party created in 1964 as a branch of the populist Freedom Democratic organization in the state of Mississippi during the Civil Rights Movement. It was organized by African Americans and whites from Mississippi to challenge the established power of the Mississippi Democratic Party, which at the time allowed participation only by whites, when African-Americans made up 40% of...

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)

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The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was created in 1960 at Shaw University in Raleigh, North Carolina. Its purpose was to coordinate the student protest movement. SNCC led voter registration drives in Mississippi and other southern states, held civil rights demonstrations advocating social integration, and sponsored the Freedom Summer of 1964 in Mississippi....

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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Organizational History and List of Officers Organizational History 1909 Issued the “Call,” a statement calling for a conference to protest discrimination and violence against African Americans Convened the National Negro Conference on May 31 and June 1, New York, N.Y. E...

Jackson, Jesse, 1941-

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w65v49sj (person)

The Reverend Jesse Louis Jackson, Sr., founder and president of the Rainbow PUSH Coalition, is one of America’s foremost civil rights, religious and political figures. Over the past forty years, he has played a pivotal role in virtually every movement for empowerment, peace, civil rights, gender equality, and economic and social justice. On August 9, 2000, President Bill Clinton awarded Reverend Jackson the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation’s highest civilian honor. Reverend Jackson h...

Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr., 1908-1972

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Adam Clayton Powell Jr. (November 29, 1908 – April 4, 1972) was a Baptist pastor and an American politician, who represented the Harlem neighborhood of New York City in the United States House of Representatives from 1945 until 1971. He was the first African-American to be elected from New York to Congress. Re-elected for nearly three decades, Powell became a powerful national politician of the Democratic Party, and served as a national spokesman on civil rights and social issues. He also urg...

United States. Congress. House

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U.S. House of Representatives is the lower house of Congress. From the guide to the Subscription lists, 1870, (L. Tom Perry Special Collections) The first session of the Congress of the United States, under a resolution passed by the Congress of the Confederation, on September 13, 1788, was called to meet in New York City on March 4, 1789. On the appointed day only 13 Members of the House were present and, as this number did not constitute a quorum, the sessions...

Thomas, Clarence, 1948-

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Clarence Thomas (born June 23, 1948) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He was nominated by President George H. W. Bush on July 1, 1991, to succeed Thurgood Marshall and is the second African American to serve on the Court. Thomas's service began October 23, 1991. Upon the retirement of Anthony Kennedy in 2018, Thomas became the most senior member of the Supreme Court, that is, the longest-serving current Justice, with a tenure of 28 years, 308 days as of August 2...

United States. Supreme Court

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Supreme Court of the United States, final court of appeal and final expositor of the Constitution of the United States. Within the framework of litigation, the Supreme Court marks the boundaries of authority between state and nation, state and state, and government and citizen. Scope And Jurisdiction The Supreme Court was created by the Constitutional Convention of 1787 as the head of a federal court system, though it was not formally established until Congress passed the Judiciary Act in 17...

Hooks, Benjamin L. (Benjamin Lawson), 1925-2010

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Benjamin Lawson Hooks (January 31, 1925 – April 15, 2010) was an attorney who practiced in Memphis, Tennessee and served as the executive director for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 1977 to 1992....

Black Leadership Meeting (1980 : New York, N.Y.)

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King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968

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Martin Luther King, Jr. (b. January 15, 1929, Atlanta, Georgia –d. April 4, 1968, Memphis, Tennessee) was an American Baptist minister and activist who was a leader in the Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience. King helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. In 1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize and in 1965, he helped to organize the Selma to M...

NAACP Conference on the Present Crisis (1989 : Washington, D.C.)

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Bork, Robert H

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Biographical Note 1927, Mar. 1 Born, Pittsburgh, Pa. 1944 1945 Attended University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. 1945 1946 Member, ...

Gilbert Jonas Company. Gilbert Jonas Company records. 1964-1995.

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Wilkins, Roy, 1901-1981

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Civil rights leader and journalist; d. 1981. From the description of Papers, 1915-1980. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 31605113 Roy Wilkins was born in St. Louis, Missouri, grew up in St. Paul, Minnesota and graduated from the University of Minnesota. Wilkins edited the KANSAS CITY CALL, a Black newspaper, from 1923 to 1931. Wilkins became Assistant Secretary of the NAACP in 1931 and became Executive Secretary in 1955. Under his leadership the NAACP grew to 350,000 members. ...

White, Walter Francis, 1893-1955

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6m61pnn (person)

Executive secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. From the description of Correspondence with Johan Thorsten Sellin, 1935. (University of Pennsylvania Library). WorldCat record id: 243854199 Walter Francis White (1893-1955), was an African American civil rights activist and leader of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 1931-1955. Walter White married Leah Gladys Powell (1893-1979) in 1922, and they ...

Claiborne Hardware Co.

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6t84mj5 (corporateBody)

Carswell, G. Harrold (George Harrold), 1919-1992

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Parker, John Johnston, 1885-1958

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John Johnston Parker (1885-1958) of Charlotte, N.C., was a judge in the United States Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit from 1925 to 1958. From the description of John Johnston Parker papers, 1920-1956. WorldCat record id: 25327598 Parker of North Carolina, judge of the U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, 1925-1958, served as an alternate judge in the Nuremberg trial of major German war criminals in 1945-1946. From the description of Records of Nuremberg tri...

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Washington Bureau. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Washington Bureau records. 1914-1993.

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Griffith, D.W. David Wark 1875-1948

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w69s2cnc (person)

Motion picture producer. From the description of War : typewritten transcript, circa 1907. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79454336 Pioneer American movie director and producer. Griffith was influential in the development and popularity of American cinema. From the description of Papers [microform] 1872-1969, 1897-1954 (bulk). (Museum of Modern Art (MOMA)). WorldCat record id: 83085079 Pioneer American movie director ...

March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (1963 : Washington, D.C.)

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Haynsworth, Clement F. (Clement Furman), 1912-1989

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Federal judge. Died 1989. From the description of Papers of Clement F. Haynsworth, 1886-1989 (bulk 1957-1989). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71072317 Native of Greenville, S.C.; graduate, Furman University (1933) and Harvard Law School (1936); d. 1989. From the description of Clement F. Haynsworth collection, 1940-1989. (University of South Carolina). WorldCat record id: 37440701 Biographical Note ...

NAACP Emergency Summit (1985 : Washington, D.C.)

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Southern Christian Leadership Conference

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6qv7ctx (corporateBody)

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is a national organization organized in chapters and affiliates that works for human rights across the world. It played a prominent role in the civil rights movement during the 1950s and 1960s. SCLC was closely associated with its first president, Martin Luther King, Jr. Origins of the SCLC can be traced back to the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 5 December 1955 after which leaders of civil rights groups met in Atlanta on 10-11 January 1957 to form ...

Ku Klux Klan 1915-....

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The Ku Klux Klan was formally incorporated under the laws of the state of Georgia on Dec. 4, 1915. The incorporated organization is a continuance of the earlier post Civil War Reconstruction Era unincorporated Ku Klux Klan and of the Knights of the White Camellia. Women of the Ku Klux Klan was incorporated at a late date as a separate entity. The stated purpose of the KKK was to promote an all White, Protestant United States, excluding all other races and religions. From the descript...

NAACP Leadership Summit Conference (1978 : Chicago, Ill.)

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Borah, William Edgar, 1865-1940

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Lawyer and U.S. senator from Idaho. From the description of William Edgar Borah papers, 1905-1940 (bulk 1912-1940). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 70979901 U.S. senator from Idaho. From the description of Letter, 1929 Oct. 12, Washington D.C., to Perry Walton, Boston. (Boston Athenaeum). WorldCat record id: 184904148 Attorney in Boise, Idaho; United States senator from Idaho, 1907-1940. From the description of Correspondence, 1902-1932. (Idah...

Evers, Medgar Wiley, 1925-1963

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w67764c8 (person)

Medgar Wiley Evers (b. July 2, 1925, Decatur, MS–d. June 12, 1963, Jackson, MS) was an African American civil rights activist in Mississippi. He worked to overturn segregation at the University of Mississippi, to end segregation of public facilities, and to expand opportunities for African Americans, including enforcement of voting rights. He was assassinated by a white supremacist and Klansman....

NAACP National Conference on Energy (1977 : Washington, D.C.)

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Brown, Oliver, 1918-1961

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Topeka (Kan.). Board of Education

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Mitchell, Clarence M. (Clarence Maurice), 1911-1984

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Civil rights activist. From the description of Clarence M. Mitchell family papers. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71132674 California gold miner. From the description of Letters : holograph, 1849 March 23 - Nov. 19. (University of California, San Diego). WorldCat record id: 36854749 Civil rights activist, lawyer. From the description of Reminiscences of Clarence Maurice Mitchell : oral history, 1981. (Columbia University In the City of New Yo...

Simmons, Althea T. L., 1924-1990

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6md195w (person)