John J. McCloy (AC 1916) Papers

Amherst College. Class of 1916. McCloy.

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Kissinger, Henry, 1923-2023

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Henry Alfred Kissinger (b. May 27, 1923, Furth, Bavaria, Germany - November 29, 2023, Kent, Connecticut) served as Secretary of State from 1973 to 1977 under both President Nixon and President Carter. He also served as National Security Advisor from 1968 to 1975 under President Nixon. He was the first person to hold both positions as Secretary of State and National Security Advisor at the same time. He was born as Heinz Alfred Kissinger but changed his name to Henry after immigrating to the U.S....

Preston, Guy.

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Amherst College. Class of 1916. McCloy.

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Amherst College. Class of 1916. McCloy.

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McCloy, John J. (John Jay), 1895-1989

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John Jay McCloy (March 31, 1895 – March 11, 1989) was an American lawyer, diplomat, banker, and a presidential advisor. He served as Assistant Secretary of War during World War II under Henry Stimson, helping deal with issues such as German sabotage, political tensions in the North Africa Campaign, and opposing the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After the war, he served as the president of the World Bank, U.S. High Commissioner for Germany, chairman of Chase Manhattan Bank, chairman ...

Acheson, Dean, 1893-1971

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Dean Acheson, U.S. Secretary of State, born Dean Gooderham Acheso, in Middletown, Connecticut, on April 11, 1893. After being educated at Yale University (1912-1915) and Harvard Law School (1915-18) he became private secretary to the Supreme Court Justice, Louis Brandeis from 1919 to 1921. A supporter of the Democratic Party, Acheson worked for a law firm in Washington, D.C., before President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed him Under Secretary of the Treasury in 1933. During World War II (1941),...

Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994

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Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, Nixon previously served as the 36th vice president from 1953 to 1961, having risen to national prominence as a representative and senator from California. After five years in the White House that saw the conclusion to the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, détente with the Soviet Union and China, and the establishment of the Environm...

Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006

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Gerald Rudolph Ford, the 38th President of the United States, was born Leslie Lynch King, Jr., the son of Leslie Lynch King and Dorothy Ayer Gardner King, on July 14, 1913, in Omaha, Nebraska. His parents separated two weeks after his birth, and his mother took him to Grand Rapids, Michigan, to live with her parents. On February 1, 1916, approximately two years after her divorce was final, Dorothy King married Gerald R. Ford, a Grand Rapids paint salesman. The Fords began calling her son Gerald ...

Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962

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Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was the longest-serving First Lady throughout her husband President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s four terms in office (1933-1945). She was an American politician, diplomat, and activist who later served as a United Nations spokeswoman. A shy, awkward child, starved for recognition and love, Eleanor Roosevelt grew into a woman with great sensitivity to the underprivileged of all creeds, races, and nations. Her constant work to improve their lot made her one of the most loved–...

Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973

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Lyndon Baines Johnson, also known as LBJ, was born on August 27, 1908 at Stonewall, Texas. He was the first child of Sam Ealy Johnson, Jr., and Rebekah Baines Johnson, and had three sisters and a brother: Rebekah, Josefa, Sam Houston, and Lucia. In 1913, the Johnson family moved to nearby Johnson City, named for Lyndon''s forebears, and Lyndon entered first grade. On May 24, 1924 he graduated from Johnson City High School. He decided to forego higher education and moved to California with a few ...

Bundy, McGeorge, 1919-1996

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McGeorge Bundy (1919-1996) was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He was the national security advisor to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. He attended school at private institutions, including Dexter, Groton, and Yale University, from which he graduated first in his class with a degree in mathematics. As a junior fellow at Harvard University, Bundy changed his specialization to international relations. After serving in U.S. Army Intelligence during World War II, during which he rose...

McNamara, Robert S., 1916-2009

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U.S. secretary of defense, president of World Bank, and corporate executive. Full name: Robert Strange McNamara. From the description of Robert S. McNamara papers, 1934-2009 (bulk 1968-2005). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71132706 Robert Strange McNamara (b. 1916) was a business executive and Secretary of Defense during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. During World War II he worked on the deployment of the B-29 bomber, and served in the Army Air Forces in India, Chi...

Reagan, Ronald, 1911-2004

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Ronald Wilson Reagan (1911-2004) was the 40th President of the United States and served two terms in office from 1981 to 1989. He was born on February 6, 1911, in Tampico, Illinois, the second son of Nelle Wilson and John Edward ("Jack") Reagan. His father nicknamed him "Dutch" as a baby. In 1920 the family resettled in Dixon, Illinois. In 1928 Reagan graduated from Dixon High School, where he had been student body president, an actor in school plays, and a student athlete. He partici...

Schlabrendorff, Fabian ˜vonœ 1907-1980

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United Nations

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In 1945, four individuals who had worked on the Manhattan project-John L. Balderston, Jr., Dieter M. Gruen, W.J. McLean, and David B. Wehmeyer-formed a committee and wrote a letter to 154 public figures asking for their opinions about the possibility of the creation of a world government. Over the next year, as the various public figures responded to the letter, the responses were correlated into a report that was released in 1947. From the guide to the Balderston, John L., Jr. Colle...

Rogers, William P. (William Pierce), 1913-2001

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Deputy Attorney General. From the description of Correspondence with Johan Thorsten Sellin, 1955-1969. (University of Pennsylvania Library). WorldCat record id: 243780768 William Pierce Rogers was born on June 23, 1913 in Norfolk, New York. He received an A.B. from Colgate University in 1934, and an LL.B. from Cornell University in 1937. He was admitted to the New York bar in 1937 and the District of Columbia bar in 1950. He was the assistant district attorney for New York C...

Preston, Guy

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Clark, Grenville, 1882-1967

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Lawyer. From the description of Reminiscences of Grenville Clark : oral history, 1962. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 86131473 Clark was born in New York City in 1882. He received his A.B. degree from Harvard University in 1903 and his LL.B. degree from Harvard Law School in 1906. In 1906 he was admitted to the New York Bar, and in 1909 he opened a law practice in New York City with Elihu Root Jr. and Francis W. Bird. During 1...

United States. Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians

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Roberts, Henry L

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Vincent, John Carter, 1900-

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United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency

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United States. War Department

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Marcy served as Secretary of War under James K. Polk, 1845-1849. From the description of William L. Marcy letter : Washington [D.C.], to Col. J.D. Stevenson, New York City, ALS, 1846 June 26. (University of California, Berkeley). WorldCat record id: 43771263 Officer, Second U.S. Cavalry, 1868-1892. From the description of Report of Lieutenant Gustavus C. Doane, 1870 Dec.15. (Montana State University Bozeman Library). WorldCat record id: 43955079 U.S. gov...

United States. Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, 1947-1949. Committeeon the National Security Organization.

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Patton, George S. (George Smith), 1885-1945

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George Smith Patton Jr. (November 11, 1885 – December 21, 1945) was a general of the United States Army who commanded the Seventh United States Army in the Mediterranean theater of World War II, and the United States Army Central in France and Germany after the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944. Born in 1885, Patton attended the Virginia Military Institute and the United States Military Academy at West Point. He studied fencing and designed the M1913 Cavalry Saber, more commonly known ...

Heald, Henry T., 1908-1975

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Frankfurter, Felix, 1882-1965

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Felix Frankfurter (November 15, 1882 – February 22, 1965) was an American lawyer, professor, and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Frankfurter served on the Supreme Court from 1939 to 1962 and was a noted advocate of judicial restraint in the judgments of the Court. Frankfurter was born in Vienna, Austria, and immigrated to New York City at the age of 12. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Frankfurter worked for Secretary of War Henry ...

Adenauer, Konrad, 1876-1967

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Konrad Adenauer was born in 1876 in Cologne, Germany. He was chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) from 1949 to 1963. He died in 1967. From the description of Adenauer, Konrad, 1876-1967 (U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). naId: 10581751 Chancellor of West Germany, 1949-1963. From the description of Konrad Adenauer miscellaneous papers, 1953-1957. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 754869086 Politician, statesman and C...

United States. Office of the US High Commissioner for Germany

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee to Investigate the Administrationof the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws.

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Rockefeller, David, 1915-2017

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David Rockefeller (born June 12, 1915, New York City – died March 20, 2017, Pocantico Hills, New York) was an American investment banker who served as chairman and chief executive of Chase Manhattan Corporation. He was the oldest living member of the third generation of the Rockefeller family, and family patriarch from July 2004 until his death in March 2017. Rockefeller was the fifth son and youngest child of John D. Rockefeller Jr. and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, and a grandson of John D. Rockef...

Brown, Harold, 1927-....

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U.S. secretary of defense, physicist, and educator. From the description of Papers of Harold Brown. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71132876 Harold Brown was born on September 10, 1927 in New York, New York. He received an A.B. (1945), an A.M. (1946) and a Ph.D. (1949) from Columbia University. He was a research scientist at Columbia University from 1945 to 1950 and lecturer in physics at Columbia from 1947 to 1948. From 1949 to 1950 he was a lecturer in physics at Stevens In...

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

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Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963

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John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born on May 29, 1917, to Joseph P. Kennedy and Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy of Brookline, Massachusetts. John Kennedy, the second of nine children, attended Choate Academy (1932-1935), Princeton University (1935-36), Harvard College (1936-40), and Stanford Business School (1941). In 1940, he published a book based on his senior thesis entitled "Why England Slept." The book criticized British policy of Appeasement. In 1941, Kennedy enlisted in the Navy. In August 1943, Kenn...

Shultz, George Pratt, 1920-

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George Pratt Shultz was born December 13, 1920, in New York, New York, son of Birl E. and Margaret Pratt Shultz. He married Helena Marie O''Brien in 1946. He received a B.A. in economics from Princeton University in 1942. That same year he joined the U.S. Marine Corps and served until 1945, attaining the rank of Captain. In 1949, he earned a Ph.D. in industrial economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). From 1948 to 1957, he taught in both the MIT Department of Economics and...

Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, 1919-

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Conference on Jewish Material Claims against Germany

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McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957

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United States. President's Committee to Study the United States Military Assistance Program

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Regan, Donald T.

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U.S. secretary of the treasury, White House chief of staff, and financier. From the description of Papers, 1919-1993 (bulk 1981-1987). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 34149624 U.S. secretary of the treasury, White House chief of staff, and financier. Born 1918; died 2003. From the description of Papers of Donald T. Regan, 1919-1993 (bulk 1981-1987). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71072556 Biographical Note ...

World Bank

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Hopkins, Harry L. (Harry Lloyd), 1890-1946

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Harry Lloyd Hopkins (1890-1946) was born in Sioux City, Iowa. After graduation from Grinnell College in 1912, he became a social worker in New York City with the Christadora Settlement House and the Association for Improving the Conditions of the Poor (AICP). He was Executive Secretary of the New York Board of Child Welfare from 1915 to 1917 and worked for the American Red Cross in New Orleans and Atlanta from 1917 to 1921, when he rejoined the AICP in New York as Assistant Director. He headed t...

Chase Manhattan Bank

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Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959

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George Catlett Marshall (b. December 31, 1880, Uniontown, Pennsylvania-d. October 16, 1959, Washington, D.C.), had a long and auspicious career in the United States (U.S.) Army and to the United States. He graduated from the Virginia Military Institute in 1901 and served his country as U.S. Secretary of State, Secretary of Defense, Envoy to China, Army Chief of Staff, and as President of the American Red Cross. Marshall, America's first five-star general, was born in Uniontown, Pennsylvania, ...

Critchfield, James H., 1917-....

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James H. Critchfield was a United States Army officer during World War II who remained in Germany and Austria as an army intelligence officer and joined the newly formed Central Intelligence Agency where he was the principal CIA officer working with the Gehlen Organization until its emergence as the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND).He was born January 30, 1917 and graduated from North Dakota State University. He retired from the CIA in 1974 and died April 23, 2003. From the guide to the...

International Monetary Fund

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Dobrynin, Anatoly, 1919-2010

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Amherst College. Class of 1916. McCloy.

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United States. Army

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The United States Army is the largest branch of the United States Armed Forces and performs land-based military operations. It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution, Article 2, Section 2, Clause 1 and United States Code, Title 10, Subtitle B, Chapter 301, Section 3001. As the largest and senior branch of the U.S. military, the modern U.S. Army has its roots in the Continental Army, which wa...

Carter, Jimmy, 1924-

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Jimmy Carter (James Earl Carter, Jr.), thirty-ninth president of the United States, was born on October 1, 1924, in Plains, Georgia, and grew up in the nearby community of Archery. His father, James Earl Carter, Sr., was a farmer and businessman; his mother, Lillian Gordy, a registered nurse. He was educated in the Plains public schools, attended Georgia Southwestern College and the Georgia Institute of Technology, and received a B.S. from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1946. In the Navy he became a ...

Vance, Cyrus R. (Cyrus Roberts), 1917-2002

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Cyrus R. Vance was born on March 27, 1917, in Clarksburg, West Virginia. He attended Yale University and earned his B.A. in 1939 and his LL.B. in 1942. He began governmental work in 1957 by helping to draft the National Space Act of 1958. In 1961, John F. Kennedy appointed him general counsel and, in 1962, promoted him to secretary of the army. In 1964, Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Vance deputy secretary of defense. After resigning in 1967, Vance was asked by Johnson to ensure federa...

Ford foundation

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Philanthropic organization established in 1936 by Henry and Edsel Ford from profits of the Ford Motor Company. From the description of Grant files, [ca. 1936-1986]. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 155532303 ...

Haig, Alexander Meigs, 1924-2010

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Alexander Meigs Haig (b. 1924) was an army officer, politician, diplomat, and Secretary of State. He graduated from the U.S. Military Academy and entered the U.S. Army, advancing through grades to the rank of general. He served as military assistant to the Secretary of the Army in 1964, and was deputy special assistant to the Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1964 to 1965. From 1969 to 1970, Haig was chief military assistant to National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger, and from 1970 to 1973 he w...

United States. Dept. of State. Committee on Atomic Energy.

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Stimson, Henry L. (Henry Lewis), 1867-1950

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Henry Lewis Stimson, the politician, was one of Eleanor Stimson Brooks's cousins. He took an interest in the family and had given her support throughout Van Wyck's struggles with depression (1926-1930). From the description of Correspondence to Charles Van Wyck Brooks, 1930-1945. (University of Pennsylvania Library). WorldCat record id: 191821881 Stimson served as U.S. Secretary of war (1911-1913, 1940-1945), was governor general of the Philippine Islands (1927-1929) and U.S...

Rusk, Dean, 1909-1994

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Dean Rusk (1909-1994), U.S. Secretary of State, born in Cherokee County, Georgia. From the description of University of Georgia faculty papers, 1952, 1971-1995. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 38477809 Dean Rusk was born in Cherokee County, Ga., on February 9, 1909. He attended Davidson College, graduating in 1931 as a Rhodes Scholar. He then attended St. John's College, Oxford. In 1946 he became assistant chief of the Division of International Security Affairs of the U.S. De...

Eberstadt, Ferdinand

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Bernard Mannes Baruch was a financier and head of several war committees, including chairman of the War Industries Board, 1918-1919, and U.S. representative to the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission, 1946. From the guide to the Speech before the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission, June 14, 1946, 1946, (American Philosophical Society) Ferdinand Eberstadt (1890-1969) was a prominent Wall Street investment banker who also served in several government post...

Jenner, William E. (William Ezra), 1908-

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Byroade, Henry A. (Henry Alfred), 1913-

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Henry A. Byroade (1913-1993) was the Director of the Bureau of German Affairs from 1949 to 1951 and Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs from 1952 to 1955. From 1955 to 1956, Byroade was the U.S. Ambassador to Egypt, and then ambassador to the Union of South Africa from 1956 to 1959, and ambassador to Afghanistan from 1959 to 1962. From the description of Byroade, Henry A. (Henry Alfred), 1913-1993 (U.S. National Archives and Records Adminis...

United States. Warren Commission

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