Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782

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Born in 1705. Entered army in 1727. Commissioned major general in 1755, and appointed the following year as commander-in-chief of British forces in America during the French and Indian War, and named titular governor of Virginia. Died at Loudoun Castle, the family seat in Ayrshire, in 1782.

From the description of Memorandum book, 1757 Jan. 1-Apr. 1 [microform]. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 122612272

John Campbell, Fourth Earl of Loudoun (5 May 1705 - 27 Apr. 1782) was the only son of Hugh Campbell, Third Earl of Loudoun (b. before 1684 - 20 Nov. 1731) and Lady Margaret Dalrymple (1677 - Apr. 1777). Campbell gained peerage as Earl of Loudoun upon his father's death in 1731. The Scottish family was distinguished for their allegiance to the Crown of England. After entering the army in 1727, Campbell raised a regiment of highlanders to fight for the British Government against the Jacobite Rebellion in 1745, ensuring the favor of King George II. He acted as an adjunct general to Sir John Cope and suffered a series of defeats in the 1745 war. He was granted colonel in 54th Foot in 1745, 30th in 1749, and major general in 1755. On 17 Feb. 1756, Campbell was appointed captain-general and governor-in-chief of the province of Virginia, and on 20 Mar. 1756, he was made commander-in-chief of the British troops in America. Campbell arrived in New York on 3 July 1756 and took command of the forces at Albany. The colonists were unwilling to cooperate with Campbell and he had little real authority over them, making his stay unpleasant for both. In efforts to conceal his plans for a siege of French-held Louisbourg in Jan. 1757, Campbell put an embargo on all outward bound ships, upsetting both the Americans and the English. Once he finally amassed a force sufficient for siege, he was unable to decide on a course for action and lost his opportunity for attack. He was summarily recalled to England. Once Spain was drawn into the Seven Years War, Campbell was appointed second in command under Lord Tyrawley and sent there in 1762, gaining full command in 1763. He was also colonel in the 3rd Foot Guards from 1770 until his death. Campbell died at Loudoun Castle, Ashyire, Scotland, and his title passed to his cousin, James Mure Campbell, as Campbell never married and was without heir. His interest in landscaping and trees, specifically willow, gained Campbell's estate renown for the improvements he made to it. Many of the specimens he owned were collected from around the world. Although Campbell never set foot in Virginia, Loudoun County was named in his honor in 1757. The Loudoun County board of supervisors adopted the county's official coat of arms modeled after Campbell's coat of arms on 16 Jan. 1968.

From the description of John Campbell, Earl of Loudoun bookplate, undated. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 166429049

John Campbell, Earl of Loudoun, was commander-in-chief of the British army in North America and colonial governor of Virginia from 1756-1757. He was recalled in late 1757. Sir William Johnson, Bart., was a major-general in the British army, adopted as a Mohawk and given a Mohawk name during his time in New York, and made a baronet in 1757.

From the description of John Campbell letter to William Johnson, 1757. (New-York Historical Society Library). WorldCat record id: 713564371

John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun (1705-1782): commander-in-chief of British forces in America during the French and Indian War and titular governor of Virginia. He was recalled to England in 1758, following the downfall of his patron, Duke of Cumberland. He served in Portugal in 1762 and was promoted to general in 1770.

From the description of Loudoun papers : Americana, 1682-1780 (bulk 1755-1758). (Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens). WorldCat record id: 122510290

John Campbell Loudoun, British officer, served as commander-in-chief of all military forces during the French and Indian War from Mar. 1756 to Dec. 1757.

From the description of Letters : New York [State], to Gov. [William] Denny, 1757 Jan. 1 - 1758 Jan. 21. (Newberry Library). WorldCat record id: 38367460

British soldier who was for a time commander-in-chief of the British forces in North America and governor of colonial Virginia.

From the description of Papers concerning the siege and fall of Quebec, 1756-1784. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 82027807

The Earl of Loudoun was a British soldier who was for a time commander-in-chief of the British forces in North America and governor of colonial Virginia.

From the guide to the Papers concerning the siege and fall of Quebec, 1756-1784., (Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Harvard University)

English general.

From the description of Document signed : Lisbon, to Charles Bembridge, Deputy Paymaster General in Portugal, 1762 Aug. 25. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270592952

Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
creatorOf Great Britain. Army. William Howe orderly book, 1776-1778. William L. Clements Library
creatorOf Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782. Letters : New York [State], to Gov. [William] Denny, 1757 Jan. 1 - 1758 Jan. 21. Newberry Library
creatorOf Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782. John Campbell letter to William Johnson, 1757. New-York Historical Society Library
creatorOf Papers concerning the siege and fall of Quebec, 1756-1784. Houghton Library
referencedIn Disney, Daniel, fl. 1767. Daniel Disney papers, 1747-1757. Library of Congress
creatorOf Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782. John Campbell, Earl of Loudoun bookplate, undated. Thomas Balch Library
creatorOf Great Britain. Sovereign (1727-1760 : George II). Commission : London, 1755 Dec. 25. Rosenbach Museum & Library
referencedIn Pownall, Thomas, 1722-1805. Military letter book : Boston, 1757-1760. Rosenbach Museum & Library
creatorOf John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudon, letter copy, 1756 New York Public Library. Manuscripts and Archives Division
creatorOf William L. Clements Library. William Henry Lyttelton papers, 1730-1806. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Dunmore, John Murray, Earl of, 1732-1809. Correspondence, 1771-1778. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library
referencedIn Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866. Collection of documents concerning the American Revolution, 1740-1866 Houghton Library
referencedIn Loudoun, Hugh Campbell, earl of, 1731. Loudoun papers, 1510-1839 (bulk 1710-1770). Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn British public records, ca. 1600-1782 [manuscript]. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
referencedIn Miscellaneous Canadian papers, 1646-1935. Houghton Library
referencedIn Papers concerning the siege and fall of Quebec, 1756-1784. Houghton Library
creatorOf Winslow, John, 1703-1774. Journal, 1744-1757. Massachusetts Historical Society
creatorOf Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782. Document signed : Lisbon, to Charles Bembridge, Deputy Paymaster General in Portugal, 1762 Aug. 25. Pierpont Morgan Library.
referencedIn Loudoun papers : Scottish, 1510-1839 (bulk 1697-1780). Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Houghton Library. Houghton Library printed book provenance file, L-Q. 1942. Houghton Library
referencedIn Loudoun-Cumberland collection, 1748-1763 (inclusive). Yale University Library
referencedIn Thomas Gage papers 1754-1807 1759-1775 Gage, Thomas, papers William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Boswell Collection, 1428-1936, 1700-1795 Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn James Furnis letter book 1755-1759 1755-1758 Furnis, James, letter book William L. Clements Library
referencedIn George II, King of Great Britain, 1683-1760. Letters-patent, 1759 September 21, granted to Jeffrey Amherst. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library
referencedIn Letters-patent Granted to Jeffrey Amherst, 1759 September 21 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library
creatorOf Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782. Papers concerning the siege and fall of Quebec, 1756-1784. Houghton Library
creatorOf Forbes, John, 1707-1759. Papers of John Forbes [manuscript], 1755-1759. University of Virginia. Library
creatorOf Hope, Thomas, Sir, d. 1646. Ane breiffe treatise upon seall substantiall heeds of the Scots law very profitable for young students. / writtten be the most learned juris consult Sir Thomas Hope of Craighall Knight Advocat to his majestie. University of California, Los Angeles
creatorOf Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782. Memorandum book, 1757 Jan. 1-Apr. 1 [microform]. Library of Virginia
referencedIn Dobbs, Arthur, 1689-1765. Letters, 1756-1757, to the Earl of Loudoun. American Philosophical Society Library
referencedIn Papers of Joseph and William Whipple, 1717-1904 (inclusive), 1763-1814 (bulk). Houghton Library
referencedIn Goode, James M.,. James Goode photograph collection, [19--]. Thomas Balch Library
creatorOf Loudoun, Hugh Campbell, earl of, 1731. Loudoun papers, 1510-1839 (bulk 1710-1770). Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
creatorOf Richmond, Duncan, fl. 1755-1759. Accounts of Duncan Richmond, 1757, Jan. 1 - 1758, Aug. 23. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Abercromby, James, 1706-1781. Papers of James Abercromby, 1674-1787 (bulk 1758). Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn William Henry Lyttelton papers 1730-1806 1755-1761 Lyttelton, William Henry, papers William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Papers concerning the siege and fall of Quebec, 1756-1784. Houghton Library
referencedIn Journal of a voyage to Halifax... : journal letter, 1757. Library of Congress
creatorOf Gage, Thomas, 1721-1787. Thomas Gage papers, 1754-1807, bulk 1759-1775. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Washington Irving's Life of George Washington Volume II, miscellany, 1755-1831 Cornell University Library
creatorOf Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782. Loudoun papers : Americana, 1682-1780 (bulk 1755-1758). Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Grantham, Thomas Robinson, Baron, 1695-1770. Collection of letters and documents relating to the colonial Pennsylvania, 1696-1773. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Letters of Samuel Johnson, LL.D., collected and edited by George Birkbeck Hill, extra-illustrated, 1413-1900 (inclusive), 1775-1839 (bulk). Houghton Library
Role Title Holding Repository
Relation Name
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correspondedWith Barrington, William Wildman Barrington, Viscount, 1717-1793 person
associatedWith Bembridge, Charles, Deputy Paymaster General in Portugal, person
associatedWith Boswell, James, 1740-1795. person
associatedWith Braddock, Edward, 1695?-1755 person
associatedWith Braddock's person
associatedWith Brown, John, Captain. person
associatedWith Butler, Thomas. person
correspondedWith Calcraft, John, 1726-1772 person
associatedWith Campbell, James. person
associatedWith Campbell, John. person
associatedWith Captain James Cuninghame person
associatedWith Capt. Robert Campbell (60th regiment) person
associatedWith Chas. Lawrence person
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correspondedWith Cumberland, William Augustus, Duke of, 1721-1765 person
associatedWith Cuninghame, James. person
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associatedWith Disney, Daniel, fl. 1767. person
associatedWith Dobbs, Arthur, 1689-1765. person
associatedWith Dunmore, John Murray, Earl of, 1732-1809. person
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correspondedWith Forbes, John, 1710-1795 person
associatedWith Fort William Henry. person
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correspondedWith Holland, Henry Fox, Baron, 1705-1774 person
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associatedWith Hope, Robert. person
associatedWith Hope, Thomas, Sir, d. 1646. person
associatedWith Houghton Library. person
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associatedWith John Campbell person
associatedWith John Campbell, 4th earl of Loudoun person
associatedWith John Cosnan, captain in the 45th regiment person
correspondedWith Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784 person
associatedWith Johnson, William, Sir, 1715-1774. person
associatedWith Kennedy, Thomas. person
associatedWith Loudoun, John Campbell, Earl of, 1705-1782 person
associatedWith Mackintosh, Alexander. person
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associatedWith Montrésor, John, 1736-1799 person
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correspondedWith Pennsylvania. Lieutenant Governor (1756-1759 : Denny) corporateBody
associatedWith Peregrine Thomas Hopson, majr genl. person
associatedWith Pownall, Thomas, 1722-1805. person
correspondedWith Prevost, James person
associatedWith Richmond, Duncan, fl. 1755-1759. person
associatedWith Robert D'Arcy, 4th earl of Hoderness person
associatedWith Robert Napier person
associatedWith Robt. Monckton, lieut. govr. person
associatedWith Samuel Bever, Lt. coll. person
associatedWith Shirley, William, 1694-1771 person
associatedWith Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866 person
correspondedWith Stanwix, John, 1690?-1766 person
associatedWith The Right Honble. The Earl of Loudoun person
associatedWith Washington, George, 1732-1799 person
correspondedWith Webb, Daniel, ca. 1700-1773 person
associatedWith Webb, Daniel, Major-general. person
associatedWith Welbore Ellis, 1st baron Mendip person
associatedWith Whipple, Joseph, 1738-1816 person
associatedWith William L. Clements Library. corporateBody
associatedWith William Pitt ist earl of Chatham person
associatedWith William Wildman, 3nd Viscount Barrington person
associatedWith Winslow, John, 1703-1774. person
associatedWith Wolf person
associatedWith Wolfe's person
associatedWith Young, John, Lieutenant-colonel. person
associatedWith Young, John, Lieutenatn-colonel. person
Place Name Admin Code Country
America
Fort Oswego (Oswego, N.Y.)
New York (State)
Pennsylvania
Louisbourg (N.S.)
Fort William Henry (N.Y.)
New York (State)
United States
United States
United States
United States
Great Britain
Subject
American loyalists
Braddock's Campaign, 1755
Crown Point Expedition, 1756
Generals
Indians of North America
Indians of North America
Indians of North America
Manuscripts, American
Mohawk Indians
Oneida Indians
Onondaga Indians
Quebec Campaign, 1759
Seven Years' War, 1756-1763
Tuscarora Indians
Occupation
Activity

Person

Birth 1705-05-05

Death 1782-04-27

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