Papers, 1925-1972

Vorse, Mary Heaton, 1874-1966

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Mary Heaton Vorse (nee Mary Marvin Heaton), author, labor journalist, and social critic, was born in New York City on October 11, 1874 and grew up in Amherst, Mass. Her parents traveled extensively in Europe and Mary received a major part of her education abroad, where she learned to speak fluent French, Italian, and German. Her early desire was to be an artist and as a young woman she spent several winters studying art in Paris. Albert White Vorse, whom she married in 1898, died in 1910. She...

Smith, Lillian Eugenia, 1897-1966

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"Lillian Smith was one of the first prominent white southerners to denounce racial segregation openly and to work actively against the entrenched and often brutally enforced world of Jim Crow. From as early as the 1930s, she argued that Jim Crow was evil ("Segregation is spiritual lynching," she said) and that it leads to social moral retardation."--"Lillian Smith (1897-1966)," New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved February 18, 2008: http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org. From the descri...

Addams, Jane, 1860-1935

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Social reformer; founder of Hull House settlement, Chicago. From the description of Letter: Hull-House, Chicago, to Louis J. Keller, Chicago, 1912 May 13. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 26496308 From the description of Letter: Hull-House, Chicago, to Paul M. Angle, Springfield, Ill., 1932 June 24. (Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library). WorldCat record id: 26496294 Founder of Hull House in Chicago. From the description of Cor...

Randolph, A. Philip, 1889-1979

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Asa Philip Randolph (born April 15, 1889, Cresent City, Florida-died May 16, 1979, New York City), African-American labor leader and early civil rights spokesman. Influenced by the socialism of Eugene Debs, Randolph began publishing his magazine The Messenger in 1917. He opposed U.S. entry into the first World War. In 1925 he organized the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. His associations with Bayard Rustin and James Farmer influenced his dedication to nonviolence. Randolph was a founder of ...

Baldwin, Roger N. (Roger Nash), 1884-1981

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Roger Nash Baldwin (January 21, 1884 – August 26, 1981) was one of the founders of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). He served as executive director of the ACLU until 1950. Many of the ACLU's original landmark cases took place under his direction, including the Scopes Trial, the Sacco and Vanzetti murder trial, and its challenge to the ban on James Joyce's Ulysses. Baldwin was a well-known pacifist and author. Baldwin was born in Wellesley, Massachusetts, the son of Lucy Cushing (...

Gannett, Lewis, 1891-1966

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Gannett was a journalist and author. For many years he wrote the daily book review column for the New York Herald Tribune. From the description of Letters from various correspondents, 1936-1965. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 83299885 Journalist Lewis Gannett traveled to China in 1926 with Madame Chiang Kai-shek and Mikhail Borodin. From the description of Lewis Gannett papers, [c. 1920-1926]. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 6353...

Lindeman, Eduard C. (Eduard Christian), 1885-1953

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Eduard C. Lindeman (May 9, 1885 – April 13, 1953) was an American educator, notable for his pioneering contributions in adult education. He introduced many concepts of modern adult education in his book, The Meaning of Adult Education. Eduard Christian Lindeman was born in St. Clair, Michigan, one of ten children of German immigrant parents, Frederick and Frederika (von Piper) Lindemann. Orphaned at an early age, Lindeman gained work experience through jobs as stable cleaner, nurseryman, grav...

Dennett, Mary Ware, 1872-1947

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Mary Coffin Ware Dennett (April 4, 1872 – July 25, 1947) was an American women's rights activist, pacifist, homeopathic advocate, and pioneer in the areas of birth control, sex education, and women's suffrage. She co-founded the National Birth Control League in 1915 together with Jessie Ashley and Clara Gruening Stillman. She founded the Voluntary Parenthood League, served in the National American Women's Suffrage Association, co-founded the Twilight Sleep Association, and wrote a famous pamphle...

Porter, Katherine Anne, 1890-1980

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Katherine Anne Porter (1890-1980) was one of the most brilliant practitioners of the art of the short story. Her literary reputation rests on the stories in her Collected Stories (1964) rather than on her best-selling novel Ship of Fools (1962). Born Callie Russell Porter on May 15, 1890, she was the fourth of Harrison and Mary Alice Porter's five children. When her mother died in March 1892, her father moved the four surviving children from his farm in the central Texas community ...

Stout, Rex, 1886-1975

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Rex Stout was an American author best known for his detective fiction. He was born December 1, 1886 in Noblesville, Indiana, the sixth of nine children. In 1887 his parents, John and Lucetta Stout, bought a forty-acre farm south of Topeka, Kansas, where Stout grew up. As a young man, Stout tried several trades, including bookkeeping (with a stint in the Navy as a bookkeeper on Theodore Roosevelt's yacht), ushering at an opera house in Topeka, studying law, and working as a cigar store clerk....

Sinclair, Upton, 1878-1968

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Upton Sinclair was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1878. Sinclair was an American author, novelist, journalist, and political activist who wrote many books in several genres. He is most well-known for his exposé, The Jungle regarding conditions in Chicago's meat packing plants, which influenced the passage of the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906. Much of Sinclair's writing was related to the economic and social conditions of the early twentieth century. He was heavily in...

Dorothy Scheinfeld

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Bunche, Ralph J. (Ralph Johnson), 1904-1971

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Ralph Bunche was Secretary of United Nations. From the description of Letter (typewritten) to Abraham Stavsky, 1967, February 28. (Regent University). WorldCat record id: 49291995 Ralph Johnson Bunche b 1904; educated at University of California, Los Angeles (AB), Harvard University (AM, PhD); Chairman, Dept of Political Science, Howard University, Washington DC, 1928-1950; Director, Trusteeship Department, Unted Nations, 1946-1954; acting UN Mediator on Palestine, 1948-1949...

Muste, A. J. (Abraham John), 1885-1967

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Clergyman, pacifist. From the description of Reminiscences of Abraham John Muste : oral history, 1954. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 309741542 From the description of Reminiscences of Abraham John Muste : oral history, 1965. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 122681124 A.J. Muste (1885-1967). Muste's involvement as a labor organizer began in 1919. When he led strikes in the textile mills of Lawrenc...

Michaëlis, Karin, 1872-1950

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Levine, Isaac Don

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Livingston Everett Beane

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Blatch, Harriot Stanton, 1856-1940

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Harriot Eaton Stanton Blatch (b. Jan. 20, 1856, Seneca Falls, NY–d. Nov. 20, 1940, Greenwich, CT) was the daughter of activists Henry Brewster Stanton and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. She graduated from Vassar College with a degree in mathematics in 1878. She married Harry Blatch and lived in Basingstoke, Hampshire. Her daughter, Nora Stanton Blatch Barney, was the first U.S. woman to earn a degree in civil engineering. While in England, Blatch conducted a statistical study of rural English working ...

Dubinsky, David

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Maverick, Maury, 1895-1954

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Epithet: Jr, member of the State of Texas House of Representatives British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000837.0x000034 Maury Maverick, lawyer, Congressman, businessman, public official, was born in San Antonio, Texas, October 23, 1895. He attended Virginia Military Institute in 1912-1913 and the University of Texas in 1913-1916; in 1937 he took a special course in Economics at St. Mary's University. He practiced la...

Nearing, Scott, 1883-1983

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Radical professor; socialist; pacifist during World War I era; author and lecturer; leader of "back-to-the-earth" movement. From the description of Papers, 1943-1988. (University of Toledo). WorldCat record id: 20061606 American sociologist. From the description of Letter [manuscript] : Toledo, Ohio, to Eckstein Case, Cleveland, Ohio, 1917 April 18. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 647806119 Scott Nearing began his career as a t...

Farrell, James T. (James Thomas), 1904-1979

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James T. Farrell (1904-1979) was an Irish-American novelist, short story writer, journalist, travel writer, poet, and literary critic. Born and raised in Chicago, Illinois, he attended the University of Chicago and published his first short story in 1929. He is best known for his Studs Lonigan trilogy and for his A note on Literary Criticism, in which he described two types of the American Marxist character. From the guide to the James T. Farrell Collection, 1953-1961, (Special Colle...

Gallienne, Eva, Le 1899-

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Viereck, Peter Robert, 1916-

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Thomas Norman Mattoon, 1884-1968

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Norman Mattoon Thomas (1884-1968), was a leading American socialist, pacifist, author, and six-time presidential candidate on the Socialist Party of America ticket, between 1928 and 1948. Born in Marion, Ohio, he was a graduate of Princeton University, attended Union Theological Seminary, where he became a socialist, and was ordained as a Presbyterian minister in 1911. Thomas opposed the United States' entry into the First World War, a position that earned him the disapproval of many in his soci...

Scull, David

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Meyer, Ernest L. (Ernest Louis), 1892-1953

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Young, Art, 1866-1943

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Art Young (1866-1943) was a leading socialist cartoonist and humorist whose work appeared in The Masses (1910-1917) and elsewhere. He was born in Monroe, Wisconsin, studied at the Academy of Design in Chicago, where he first illustrated news stories and saw his cartoons published in various newspapers. In 1895 Young moved to New York where his work was published in Life and where he became a socialist and, in 1910, one of the founding members of the artists and writers cooperative that produced ...

Edman, Irwin

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Wohl, Paul

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Herron, Ed

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Dr. Angelica Balabanoff

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Johnson, Charles S.

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Wilder, Charlotte

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Crosswaith, Frank Rudolph, 1892-1965

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Frank R. Crosswaith was a lifelong socialist, a labor union organizer, editor, and socialist candidate for several New York State offices. During the 1920's and 1930's, he was one of the most effective organizers of black workers in New York City. Born in St. Croix, Crosswaith immigrated to this country at age thirteen. He attended the Rand School of Social Science, a labor and socialist school, and later became a lecturer there. In 1922 he was secretary of the People's ...

Zott, Otto

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Holmes, John Haynes, 1879-1964

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American clergyman and reformer. From the description of The voice of God is calling : autograph poem signed, 1930 Nov. 13. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 269557327 John Haynes Homes (1879-1964) was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and raised near Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1902 and Harvard Divinity School in 1904. He received honorary doctorates from Benares Hindu University, Rollins College, and Meadville Theological School. He served as...

Wolfe, Bertram David, 1896-1977

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American historian; representative of the Communist Party, U.S.A., to the Communist International, 1928-1929; author of Three Who Made a Revolution (1948) and other works on communism. From the description of Bertram David Wolfe papers, 1903-1999. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 754870811 Bertram David Wolfe (1896-1977) was an American author of books and articles on Russian and Hispanic history and culture. He wrote biographies of Diego Rivera, Rosa Luxemburg and Lenin. ...

Nomad, Max

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Max Nomad (1881-1973) philosophic anarchist, author and educator, who also wrote under the pseudonym Max Norton, was born in Buczacz, Poland. He was influenced by the thought of Waclaw Machajski, a heretical Polish radical. Prior to WWI he was a native of Austria and attended the University of Vienna. A Guggenheim Fellow in 1937, and for many years a lecturer in politics and history at New York University, the New School for Social Research and the Rand School, his books include Rebels and Reneg...

Riesel, Victor

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Victor Riesel (1917-1995) was a nationally syndicated labor journalist, and an advisor to labor leaders and politicians. A product of New York's Lower East Side Jewish community, Riesel graduated from City College, and from its progressive political milieu to become a knowledgeable and militantly anti-communist social democrat. After work for a news service and writing for various publications, including a stint as managing editor of the New Leader (a social democratic weekly), in 1946 he began ...

Garfield, Jules John

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Michaelis, Karin Brondum, 1872-

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Amram Scheinfeld

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Anthony, Katharine Susan, 1877-1965

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Huebsch, Ben

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Henson, Francis

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League for Mutual Aid

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Deutsch, Babette, 1895-1982

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Allen Tate was an American poet, essayist, literary critic, novelist, and translator. From the guide to the Allen Tate collection of papers, 1935-1971, (The New York Public Library. Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature.) American author Babette Deutsch published novels, criticism, essays, translations, children's stories, and biography, but is most remembered for her eloquent poetry. Her verse is generally short, exploring artistic or lit...

Cummings, E.E. (Edward Estlin), 1894-1962

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E. E. (Edward Estlin) Cummings was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1894. While at Harvard, he delivered a daring commencement address on modernist artistic innovations, thus announcing the direction his own work would take. In 1917, after working briefly for a mail-order publishing company, the only regular employment in his career, Cummings volunteered to serve in the Norton-Harjes Ambulance group in France. Here he and a friend were imprisoned (on false grounds) for three months in a Frenc...

Smedley, Agnes, 1892-1950

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American journalist. From the description of Agnes Smedley collection, 1911-1981 (bulk 1938-1948). (Scottsdale Public Library). WorldCat record id: 28979405 Agnes Smedley was born in Missouri in 1892 and lived in a number of western towns until she arrived at the Tempe Normal School in 1911. She attended the Normal School as a "Special Student" from 1911-1912, receiving special consideration for admission from president Arthur J. Matthews. ...

Powys, John Cowper, 1872-1963

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English novelist, essayist, and lecturer. From the description of Letter, 1934 Dec. 12, Dorchester, England, to John P. Waters, Cambridge, Mass. (University of Michigan). WorldCat record id: 34365010 From the description of Correspondence, with Alan Dakers, 1948. (University of Michigan). WorldCat record id: 34364799 From the description of Letter, 1944 July 18, Cae Coed, Corwen, Wales, to Ada McVickar, New York. (University of Michigan). WorldCat record id: 3436480...

Field, George

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Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, 1890-1964

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Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was an agitator and organizer for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and a Communist Party (CP) official. Flynn was an organizer in major strikes in Lawrence, Massachusetts and Paterson and Passaic, New Jersey. She saw labor court trials as important extensions of organizing, and participated in trials in Missoula, Montana (1908), and Spokane, Washington (1909-1910). As part of her defense work she created the Workers’ Defense League, an organization to fight for th...

Marion, Kathy

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Murray, Pauli, 1910-1985

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Pauli Murray (1910-1985) was a lawyer, scholar, writer, educator, administrator, religious leader, civil rights and women's rights activist. She was a co-founder of the National Organization for Women (NOW) and the first black woman to be ordained as an Episcopal minister. She spent much of her life in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and Washington, D.C. From the description of Proud shoes : the story of an American family : typescript, 1956 / by Pauli Murray. (New York Public Library)....

Bahizi, Gervais

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Johnson, Hall, 1888-1970

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Francis Hall Johnson (1888-1970), African American choral director, composer, and arranger. From the description of Hall Johnson collection, 1933-1943. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79463092 "Hall Johnson, a native of Athens, [Georgia], was a highly regarded African American choral director, composer, arranger, and violinist who dedicated his career to preserving the integrity of the Negro spiritual as it had been performed during the era of slavery. His Hall Johnson Choir,...

Cleghorn, Sarah Norcliffe, 1876-1959

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American author who wrote poetry, short fiction, novels, essays; interested in many social issues including socialism, pacifism,and working conditions of laborers. From the description of Letters of Sarah Norcliffe Cleghorn [manuscript], 1915-1938. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 647874776 Cleghorn was an author and poet. From the description of Papers, 1936-1945 (inclusive). (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 232007193 ...

Tannenbaum, Frank

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Kelly, Harry

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Schwimmer, Rosika, 1877-1948

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Schwimmer was a Jewish pacifist and writer, born in Hungary. Her application for American citizenship was denied by the Supreme Court in 1929 on the grounds of her pacifist views. Justice Holmes wrote the dissenting opinion. (United States v. Schwimmer; 49 S. Ct. 448) From the description of Correspondence between Rosika Schwimmer and Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., 1930-1935. (Harvard Law School Library). WorldCat record id: 235152187 Public official. From the descr...

Baah, Kwahu

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Gropper, William

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William Gropper was born on December 3rd, 1897 in the Lower East Side of Manhattan. His family was impoverished and his parents worked in the New York garment factories. To help his family, Gropper took odd jobs throughout New York City. When he was not busy working, Gropper nurtured his artistic talents by drawing cartoons on sidewalks and the sides of buildings. In 1912, Gropper began formal art education at the Ferrer School in Greenwich Village where he was influence...

Dillingham, John

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Rappaport, Harry

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Frank, Adelaide Schulkind

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Adelaide Schulkind Frank was the Executive Secretary of the League for Mutual Aid for over thirty years. The League, founded in 1920, has helped individuals in the liberal and labor movements with loans and/or guidance, defraying the cost through annual memberships and other contributions. From the guide to the Papers, 1925-1972, (Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute) Frank was the Executive Secretary of the League for Mutual Aid for more than thirty years. The League, f...

Stokes, Rose Harriet Pastor, 1897-1933.

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Untermeyer, Jean (Starr), 1886-

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Rice, Elmer L., 1892-1967.

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Anna Strunsky Walling

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Tresca, Carlo, 1879-1943

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Carlo Tresca (1879-1943), was an Italian-born anarchist, who emigrated to the United States in 1904. He was a labor organizer, including with the Industrial Workers of the World, a journalist, and editor, notably of Il Proletario, the official newspaper of the Italian Socialist Federation, and of Il Martello, an anti-fascist newspaper. An opponent of both fascism and Stalinism, he was assassinated in New York City in 1943. From the guide to the Carlo Tresca "Autobiography" (typescrip...

Harris, Abram L., 1889-1963

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