Maren Lockwood Carden papers

National Women's Political Caucus (U.S.)

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The National Women's Political Caucus was formed in 1971 as a multiparty organization seeking to gain an equal voice and place for women in the political process at the local, state and national levels. The Caucus and its state affiliates support women candidates for elective and appointive offices and seek to ensure that women hold policy-making positions in the Democratic and Republican political parties. They have lobbied in state legislatures for the Equal Rights Amendment, women's reproduct...

Heide, Wilma Scott, 1921-1985

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Wilma Scott Heide (February 26, 1921 – May 8, 1985) was an American feminist author and social activist who was a leader in the feminist movement in the United States. Heide was involved in the Pittsburgh Press case that ended the practice of listing separate help wanted ads for men and women, decided in 1973 by the Supreme Court of the United States in Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Commission on Human Relations. She also served as the third national President of the National Organization f...

Boyer, Elizabeth M., 1913-2002

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Elizabeth M. "Betty" Boyer (November 12, 1913 in Ohio – December 2, 2002) was an American lawyer, feminist and writer. In 1937, she earned a B.S. in education from Bowling Green State University. In 1947, she received her law degree from Cleveland–Marshall College of Law. In 1950, she earned her Masters of Law degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Law. She was a full professor of business law at Cuyahoga Community College. In 1968, she founded the Women's Equity Action Leag...

Rawalt, Marguerite, 1895-1989

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Dr. Marguerite Rawalt (16 October 1895 – 16 December 1989) was an American writer and lawyer who lobbied in Congress on behalf of women's rights. She worked for the Internal Revenue Service for 30 years, and served on the board of directors for numerous interest groups relating to women's rights issues. Rawalt was a member of the National Presbyterian Church. Rawalt was the oldest of three children, and was born in Prairie City, Illinois. Her family eventually moved to Texas and settled there...

Gordon, Linda, 1940-

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Linda Gordon is an American feminist and historian. She lives in New York City and in Madison, Wisconsin. She won the Marfield Prize for Dorothea Lange: A Life Beyond Limits, and the Antonovych Prize for Cossack Rebellions: Social Turmoil in the Sixteenth-Century Ukraine (SUNY Press, 1983). An active participant in the women’s-liberation movement of the late 1960s and 1970s, Gordon and her long-time collaborator Rosalyn Baxandall edited two books providing crucial views of that movement’s contr...

Gail Stickler

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Gardner, Jo Ann Evans

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Knoop, Judy

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National Organization for Women

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The National Organization for Women (NOW) was formed in Washington D.C. in 1966, and incorporated in 1967. The organization was formed to bring women into full participation in the mainstream of society, assuming all privileges and responsibilities in fully equal partnership with men. Local chapters were formed throughout the country and task forces were set up to deal with problems of women in areas such as employment, education, religion, poverty, law, politics, and image in the media....

Martin, Del

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Bread & Roses (Organization)

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Daughters of Bilitis

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The Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) were formed in 1955 in San Francisco by a group of women who wished to offer Lesbians an alternative social experience than the traditional Gay bar. The group also realized there was a need for education in both the general and Lesbian community about Gay rights and social inequality. In 1958, a chapter was established in New York City, followed by other chapters across the country. The goal of DOB was to help Lesbians accept themselves and lead a productive life. ...

Dunbar, Roxanne

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Carabillo, Toni

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Toni Carabillo and Judith Meuli were both active in the National Organization for Women. Carabillo was president of the Southern California Chapter and Meuli served on NOW's Policy and Planning Committee; both were editors of the National NOW Times. From the description of Chronology of "the split," 1991. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 232008460 ...

Patel, Marilyn

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Cohen, Bonnie

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Fox, Muriel

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Kashket, Eva Ruth

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Smeal, Ellie

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Ceballos, Jacqueline Michot, 1925-

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Hill, Cindy

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Marya Levenson

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Steinem, Gloria, 1934-

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Gloria Steinem, late 1960's Gloria Steinem was born on March 25, 1934 in Toledo, Ohio to Leo Steinem and Ruth Nuneviller Steinem, the second of their two children (Suzanne Steinem was born in 1925). She grew up in Toledo and Clark Lake, Michigan, where the family ran a summer resort. Leo and Ruth divorced in 1945, and, with Suzanne away at Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts, eleven-year-old Gloria assumed responsibility for the care of her mother, who was incre...

Susan Burke.

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X., Laura

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The National Clearinghouse on Marital Rape (NCOMR) was formed in 1980 by Laura X.  It began as a project of the Women's History Research Center.  The organization aims "to make intimate relationships truly egalitarian." The Clearinghouse researches and complies materials on marital rape and marital rape cases. From the guide to the National Clearinghouse on Marital Rape Subject File, 1952-1996, 1978-1996, (University of Illinois Archives) ...

Sloane, Eve

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Neville, Carol

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Cantarow, Ellen

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Ellen Cantarow received her Ph.D. in comparative literature from Harvard University. She has taught American studies and women's studies at a number of colleges, including the State University of New York, College at Old Westbury. As a Radcliffe Institute fellow, she studied the labor movement and the women's movement in Italy. Cantarow has written on women in the labor force, social activism, and the Middle East. Her articles have appeared in the Village Voice, and Grand Street. Fro...

James Clapp

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Shields, Mary Lou

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Farrar, Anne

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Cimperman, Mary

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Eisler, Riane Tennenhaus

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Ashley Montagu, born Israel Ehrenberg on June 28, 1905, was a British-American anthropologist, specializing in the areas of race and gender issues, as well as a prolific speaker and author, publishing over 50 books in his lifetime. The son of Jewish tailor Charles Ehrenberg and his wife, Mary Plot Ehrenberg, Montagu was born and raised in London's working class East End neighborhood. Although the reasoning behind his name change was never revealed, it may have been due to anti-Semit...

McElhenie, Ruth

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Lawton, Esther C. (Esther Christian), 1910-1998

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Esther C. Lawton worked for various U.S. governmental agencies as a position classification analyst. An early believer in the women's movement, Ms. Lawton served on a Treasury Department committee established in 1962 to discover the extent of discrimination against women within the department. Concurrent to her career in the Treasury Department were over 25 years of teaching at George Washington University. Throughout her career, Esther Lawton was a champion of women's rights and fair criteria f...

Braden, Ina Claire, 1932-

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Kompare, Frances

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Green, Joan L., 1963-

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Burgess, Barbara Ann

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Wilma Diskin

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Kirtley, Zaide

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Bulliet, Lucianne Cherry

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Moody, Lizabeth A.

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Epstein, Cynthia Fuchs

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Theeman, Margaret

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Nadelson, Carol C.

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Carol Cooperman Nadelson, BA, 1957, Brooklyn College; MD, 1961, University of Rochester, Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, is Director of the Partners' Office for Women's Careers at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Mass. Nadelson was the first female president of the American Psychiatric Association in 1984, and is a founder of Harvard's Joint Committee on the Status of Women. From the description of Papers, 1970-2000. (Harvard University). WorldCat r...

Pauletch, Aida

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Reiskin, Helen, 1933-

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Vaillant, Nancy

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Sain, Dorothy

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Sonia Gutterman.

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Mary Jane Green

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Suelzle, Maryjean

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Maryjean Suelzle was a founding member and first President of NOW, Berkeley Chapter, from November 1969 to January 1971, and also served as National Board Member in 1972. She gave presentations and speeches on women's rights, participated in related professional activities, and wrote articles for the Berkeley NOW newsletter. Suelzle attended the University of California, Berkeley as a candidate in the Department of Sociology. Throughout the collection, she referred to herself as Marijean Suelzle...

Schlesinger, Wendy Marian

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Carol Kandall

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Witter, Jean

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Forfreedom, Ann

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Clapp, James

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Bishop, Gene, 1947-

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A 1968 graduate of Radcliffe College, Gene Bishop was a founder of the Somerville (Mass.) Women's Health Center and a member of Bread and Roses, a women's liberation organization in Cambridge, Mass. From the description of Papers, 1969-1982 (inclusive). (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 232008231 ...

Carol Johnson

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Hoffman, Joan

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Barbara Zilber.

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Kay Beth Koenig

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Ullman, Judy

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Assiter, Nyla

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Boucher, Sandy

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Bernick, Kitty

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Parker, Noreen

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Shoul, Rhona A.

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Mary Cohen.

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Jhirad, Susan Beth

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Trainor, Augusta M.

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Gold, Patricia, 1935-

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Paticia Gold was involved in the women's liberation movement in the Boston, Mass., area and active in a number of organizations, including MORAL (Massachusetts Organization to Repeal Abortion Laws), local chapters of the National Organization for Women, and the Massachusetts Women's Political Caucus. A nurse in Watertown, Mass., she served on the Health Task Force of the Governor's Commission on the Status of Women and was co-chair of Boston NOW's Abortion and Birth Control Task Force. ...

Dorothy Gilburg.

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Picher, Jane

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Thorne, Bonnie

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Lefkowitz, Mary R., 1935-....

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Mary Lowry.

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Elizabeth Rogers

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Busch, Judith

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Gloria Steinem

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Federally Employed Women, Inc.

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Stange, Maren

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Maren Stange is noted for scholarship in visual culture and cultural history. She gained her undergraduate degree in English literature at Harvard University and her Ph.D. in American Studies at Boston University. She has been a member of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at The Cooper Union in New York City since 1992. Professor Stange was a Senior Fulbright Fellow at the University of Munich in 1996-1997, and she has held fellowships from the American Council of Learned Societie...

Tax, Meredith

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Meredith Tax was born in Wisconsin on September 18, 1942. She was educated in the Milwaukee public school system and at Brandeis University, where she graduated magna cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa and with Woodrow Wilson and Fulbright fellowships. She then studied at the University of London where she became involved in the anti-war movement. Returning to the U.S. in 1968, she continued her anti-war activism and was one of the founding members of Boston's Bread and Roses collective, a s...

Koedt, Anne

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Cook, Barbara

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Merna Villarejo.

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Bernard, Shirley

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Shaw, Nancy Stoller

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Gallagher, Mary

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Lynn O'Connor

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Nyblad, Joan

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Collins, Eleanor, 1970-

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Women's Equity Action League

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WEAL was founded in 1968 by a group of professional women, mostly lawyers, in Cleveland, Ohio, who originally hoped to begin a NOW (National Organization for Women) chapter. Realizing NOW's agenda would not garner widespread support in Cleveland, they began their own group and limited their concerns to education, legislation, and the economic rights of women. WEAL challenged sex discrimination on college campuses, in the military, and in the work place. The WEAL Fund was established in 1972 as t...

Stapleton, Jean, 1942-

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Sally Mann.

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Webber, Jean

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Gerstein, Marcia

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Hogan, Elisabeth Woodbridge Morris, 1932-

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Hogan is a feminist who lives in the Boston area and has been active in the National Organization for Women and other groups. From the description of Papers, 1971-1976 (inclusive). (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 232006649 ...

Pollock, Mordeca Jane

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Barnet, Sandy

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Walker, Lee.

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Janet Murray.

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Sassower, Doris Lipson, 1932-

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Feminist lawyer Sassower was educated at Brooklyn College (B.A. 1954) and New York University (J.D. 1955). A specialist in sex discrimination cases and matrimonial law, she was the first woman to serve on the judicial selection committee of the New York State Bar Association. She served as president of the New York Women's Bar Association (1968-1969) and as official observer at the U.N. for the National Association of Women Lawyers (1969-1970). She has written extensively on sex discrimination, ...

Tepperman, Jean

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Christian, Lynda G. (Lynda Gregorian), 1938-

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McHugh, Barbara

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Priscilla Irons Long

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Carter, Virginia

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Carden, Maren Lockwood

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Maren Lockwood Carden earned her Ph.D. from Harvard in 1963. She became a sociologist who wrote on feminism; she was a fellow at the Radcliffe Institute from 1970-1972. From the description of Student notes, 1956-1959. (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 77066954 Sociologist (University of London, B.Sc., 1955; University of Maryland, M.A., 1957; Harvard University, Ph.D., 1963), Carden received a variety of grants, was a fellow at the Radcliffe Institute (1961, 1970-19...

Katherine Lesses

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Adams, Lois

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Popkin, Annie, 1945-

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A 1967 graduate of Radcliffe College, Annie Popkin was a founding member in 1969 of Bread and Roses, a women's liberation organization in Cambridge, Mass. Made up of consciousness-raising groups devoted to increasing personal and political understanding of the status and condition of women, Bread and Roses sought to educate others by sponsoring various events, including talks at high schools and colleges, and by investigating and protesting instances of sexism. Popkin was also active in the New ...

Bottini, Ivy, 1926-

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Biography Ivy was born on August 15, 1926, to a working class family in Long Island, New York. In 1944, she studied art at Pratt Institute in Brooklyn and later went on to a career in graphic design, working as an illustrator and art director for Newsday . In 1951, she married Edward Bottini. She gave birth to her first daughter, Laura, in 1953, and her second daughter, Lisa, in 1956. By the mid-1960s, Bottini became involved in t...

Bowdler, Nancy

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Meuli, Judith

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Barbara Evans Crawford

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Boston N.O.W.

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The National Organization for Women was organized in 1966 to work toward the realization of legal, economic, and social equality for women. The Boston chapter was founded in 1969. Until 1974 it was known as the Eastern Massachusetts Chapter and included five units: North Shore, South Shore, Concord, Framingham, and Marlboro. From the description of Records, 1967-1990 (inclusive). (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 122614548 The National Organization for W...

Abbott, Sidney

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Breen, Catherine

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Bennett, Trude

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Vinciguerra, Grace

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Rosenthal, Kristine M., 1933-

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Nevius, Susan

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Mendell, Olga Karman

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Hernandez, Aileen C.

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Civil rights, union and women's rights activist Aileen Clarke Hernandez was born Aileen Clarke on May 23, 1926, in Brooklyn, New York. Her Jamaican-born parents, theatrical seamstress Ethel Louise Hall Clarke and Garveyite brushmaker Charles Henry Clarke, named their daughter for Aileen Pringle, a film actress. Hernandez, who grew up in the ethnically-mixed Bay Ridge neighborhood of New York City, attended elementary school at P.S. 176 and graduated in 1943 as school newspaper editor, vice presi...

Simon, Ethel

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Harriet Zellner

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Meredith Tax

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Bernard, Shirley, 1928-

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An active member of the National Organization for Women, Bernard was Western Membership Task Force chair (1967), co-convener of Orange County (Calif.) NOW (1968-1969), on the national board (1968-1972), and Western Regional director (1970-1972). She earned a Ph.D. in women's studies from Union Graduate School (1975), and taught at Fullerton College in California. Bernard was also a founder of the Southern California branch of the National Women's Political Caucus and California Women in Higher E...

Corinne Hirsch

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Trainor, Gustie

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Eisenberg, Bonnie

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Kennedy, Florynce, 1916-

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Mary Jean Farrington

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Cisler, Lucinda

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Robertson, Jeri

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Sloan, Reggie

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Tyler, Janet

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Chodorow, Nancy

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