Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Records, 1910-1954.

Garland, Hamlin, 1860-1940

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Hamlin Garland, also known as Hannibal Hamlin Garland, (born September 14, 1860, West Salem, Wisconsin – died March 4, 1940, Hollywood, California), an author who put his own part of the country on the literary map, is best remembered by the title he gave his autobiography, Son of the Middle Border. Gaining his spurs with a successful collection of grimly naturalistic 'down home' stories in 1891, Garland came to prominence just as the "frontier" mentality was losing out to the waves of settlemen...

Stevenson, Adlai E. (Adlai Ewing), 1900-1965

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Adlai Ewing Stevenson II (February 5, 1900 – July 14, 1965) was an American lawyer, politician, and diplomat. Raised in Bloomington, Illinois, Stevenson was a member of the Democratic Party. He served in numerous positions in the federal government during the 1930s and 1940s, including the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, Federal Alcohol Administration, Department of the Navy, and the State Department. In 1945, he served on the committee that created the United Nations, and he was a me...

Wister, Owen, 1860-1938

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Epithet: American author British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000497.0x000028 Born in Pennsylvania, raised in South Carolina, and educated at Harvard, Owen Wister travelled in the Western U.S. as a young man. Although he returned to the East and Harvard law school, he acted upon a friend's suggestion and began writing thrilling Western stories for Harper's. His well-researched stories, particularly The Virginian, he...

Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962

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Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was the longest-serving First Lady throughout her husband President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s four terms in office (1933-1945). She was an American politician, diplomat, and activist who later served as a United Nations spokeswoman. A shy, awkward child, starved for recognition and love, Eleanor Roosevelt grew into a woman with great sensitivity to the underprivileged of all creeds, races, and nations. Her constant work to improve their lot made her one of the most loved–...

United Nations

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In 1945, four individuals who had worked on the Manhattan project-John L. Balderston, Jr., Dieter M. Gruen, W.J. McLean, and David B. Wehmeyer-formed a committee and wrote a letter to 154 public figures asking for their opinions about the possibility of the creation of a world government. Over the next year, as the various public figures responded to the letter, the responses were correlated into a report that was released in 1947. From the guide to the Balderston, John L., Jr. Colle...

Davis, Malcolm W. (Malcolm Waters), 1899-

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Internationalist, journalist. From the description of Reminiscences of Malcolm Waters Davis : oral history, 1950. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 309734570 International relations specialist, executive for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. From the description of Malcolm W. Davis papers, 1883-1949. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 493894559 ...

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

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Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, established by Andrew Carnegie in 1910, is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing cooperation between nations and promoting active international engagement by the United States. Carnegie selected 28 trustees who were leaders in American business and public life; among them were Harvard University president Charles W. Eliot; philanthropist Robert S. Brookings; former Ambassador to Great Britain Joseph H. Choate; former Secretary of Sta...

International Labour Organisation

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The International Labour Organization was established in Geneva in 1919 at the end of the First World War, during the Peace Conference that convened at Paris and Versailles. Its aim was to promote the welfare of workers. From the description of Collection, 1919-1941, 1998. (Swarthmore College, Peace Collection). WorldCat record id: 70875785 ...

Estournelles de Constant, Paul-Henri-Benjamin Balluet, baron d', 1852-1924

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Byrd, Richard Evelyn Jr., 1888-1957

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Rear Admiral Richard Evelyn Byrd Jr. (October 25, 1888 – March 11, 1957) was an American naval officer and explorer. He was a recipient of the Medal of Honor, the highest honor for valor given by the United States, and was a pioneering American aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. Aircraft flights in which he served as a navigator and expedition leader crossed the Atlantic Ocean, a segment of the Arctic Ocean, and a segment of the Antarctic Plateau. Byrd claimed that his ex...

Butler, Nicholas Murray, 1862-1947

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Epithet: President of Columbia University British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000696.0x000180 Butler was a philosopher, diplomat, and educator; president of Columbia University from 1901-1942. From the description of Nicholas Murray Butler letter, 1942 Mar. 16. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 777002021 President of Columbia University. From the description of Letters to F.W. Wile and...

Root, Elihu, 1845-1937

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Elihu Root, born in Clinton, NY, attended Hamilton College (A.B., 1864, A.M. in course, 1867) and University Law School of New York. He served as member Alaskan Boundary Tribunal; United States District Attorney, Southern New York, 1883 - 85; Secretary of War, 1899 - 1904; Secretary of State, 1905 - 09; U.S. Senator from New York, 1909 - 15; Senior Counsel for the U.S., North Atlantic Fisheries Arbitration, The Hague, 1910; Ambassador at Head of Special Diplomatic Mission to Russia, 1...

Masters, Edgar Lee, 1868-1950

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Edgar Lee Masters was an American poet, novelist, biographer, and essayist. From the description of Edgar Lee Masters collection of papers, 1919-1949. (New York Public Library). WorldCat record id: 86164224 From the guide to the Edgar Lee Masters collection of papers, 1919-1949, (The New York Public Library. Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection of English and American Literature.) Masters was an Illinois poet best known for the Spoon River Anthology. F...

Mili︠u︡kov, P. N. (Pavel Nikolaevich), 1859-1943.

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Historian, journalist, and leader of the Kadet (Constitutional Democratic) Party. Among Mili︠u︡kov's historical studies were "Russia and its Crisis" (1905) and "Ocherki po istorii russkoĭ kult́ury" (1930-37). He was delegate to the Russian State Duma and a member of the Provisional government in 1917. He edited "Rech"́ in St. Petersburg and "Poslednii︠a︡ Novosti" in Paris. From the description of Pavel Nikolaevich Miliukov papers, ca. 1879-1970. (Columbia University In the City of N...

League of Nations

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Johnson, Joseph E. (Joseph Esrey), 1906-1990

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Historian, international official, foundation executive. From the description of Reminiscences of Joseph Esrey Johnson : oral history, 1951. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 309739647 Joseph Esrey Johnson was born on April 30, 1906 in Longdale, Virginia, and grew up in Scarsdale, New York. Johnson studied at Harvard University, where he earned his bachelor's, masters and doctoral degrees. His first teaching position was as a professor of his...

Buck, Pearl S. (Pearl Sydenstricker), 1892-1973

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Pearl S. Buck was the daughter of American missionary parents, and spent the first seventeen years of her life in China. Her third novel, The Good Earth, won the Pulitzer Prize, and a Nobel Prize for literature followed, citing The Good Earth as well as her biographies of her parents. Critical reception for her works has been mixed since these early successes. A prolific and optimistic author, most of her fiction is set in China, and she displays great affection for the place and her characters....

Florinsky, Michael T., 1894-1981

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Columbia M.A. 1927, Ph.D. 1931. Florinsky taught economic history at Columbia from 1931-1963. Among his major works were "Russia: A History and an Interpretation" and "Integrated Europe?" He also edited publications of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and for Collier Books' "Russian Civilization Series." From the description of Michael T. Florinsky Papers, 1914-1918. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 320409539 ...

Andrew Carnegie

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Dulles, John Foster, 1888-1959

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John Foster Dulles (1888-1959), was the fifty-third Secretary of State of the United States for President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He had a long and distinguished public career with significant impact upon the formulation of United States foreign policies. He was especially involved with efforts to establish world peace after World War I, the role of the United States in world governance, and Cold War relations between the United States and the Soviet Union. Dulles was born on February 25, 1888 ...

Freud, Sigmund, 1856-1939

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Austrian neurologist. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Vienna, to an unidentified recipient, 1932 Aug. 17. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270870831 Eisler was the secretary of the Sigmund Freud archive in New York City; Urban was a professor in Mainz, Germany, who was editing a volume of materials on the reception of psychoanalysis. From the description of Correspondence with Franz Werfel and Adolf Klarmann, 1926, 1970-1971. (University of Pennsy...

Geneva Research Center.

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Einstein, Albert, 1879-1955

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Albert Einstein was born at Ulm, in Württemberg, Germany, on March 14, 1879. Six weeks later the family moved to Munich, where he later on began his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium. Later, they moved to Italy and Albert continued his education at Aarau, Switzerland and in 1896 he entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics and mathematics. In 1901, the year he gained his diploma, he acquired Swiss citizenship and, as he was...

Leacock, Stephen, 1869-1944

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Canadian poet, humorist, essayist, teacher and historian, Leacock was born at Wanmore, England, December 30, 1869; died at Toronto March 28, 1944. Among his many books are College Days (1923). From the description of Bell collection of Leacock papers 1913-1932. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 225405530 Canadian writer and economist. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Montreal, to Mr. Glass, 1919 May 17. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 593956216 ...

Hiss, Alger.

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Alger Hiss was born in Baltimore in 1904, and graduated from Harvard Law School in 1929, where he was a protege of Felix Frankfurter. He worked in several departments of Franklin Delano Roosevelt 's New Deal administration before joining the Department of State in 1936. He accompanied Roosevelt to the conference at Yalta and served as the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco in 1945. Hiss left the State Department in 19...

Hoover, Herbert, 1874-1964

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Herbert Clark Hoover (b. August 10, 1874, Iowa-d. October 20, 1964), thirty-first president of the United States, was born in Iowa, and was orphaned as a child. A Quaker known from his childhood as "Bert" to his friends, he began a career as a mining engineer soon after graduating from Stanford University in 1895. Within twenty years he had used his engineering knowledge and business acumen to make a fortune as an independent mining consultant. In 1914 Hoover administered the American Relief Com...