Guide to the Morris Schappes Papers, 1911-2004

Jewish Currents (Organization)

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Communist Party of the United States of America

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The Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA), a Marxist-Leninist party aligned with the Soviet Union, was founded in 1919 in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution by the left wing members of the Socialist Party USA. These split into two groups, with each holding founding conventions in Chicago in September 1919: one which established the Communist Labor Party, and a second which established the Communist Party of America. In a 1920 Joint Unity Convention, a minority faction of t...

Cruse, Harold Wright, 1916-2005

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Harold Cruse was an African American author and professor best known for his Crisis of the Negro Intellectual (1967), a Marxist-nationalist critique of the Communist movements influence and a call for an autonomous and revolutionary Black culture. Cruse was born in 1916 in Petersburg, Virginia. As a young child he moved to New York City with his father, where he graduated from high school and held a variety of jobs prior to World War II, when he served in the army in Italy. Following his dischar...

Lazarus, Emma, 1849-1887

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Born on July 22, 1849 in New York City, Emma Lazarus was the fourth of seven surviving children to Sephardic-Ashkenazi parents Moses and Esther (Nathan) Lazarus. Lazarus was most likely privately tutored; she was proficient in German, French, and Italian. Her Jewish education consisted of knowledge of the Bible and observing a form of Sabbath and holidays, but as one of Lazarus’ associates said “the religious side of Judaism had little interest for Miss Lazarus, or for any member of her family.”...

Rose, Ernestine L. (Ernestine Louise), 1810-1892

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Ernestine Rose was born Jan. 13, 1810 in Piotrków Trybunalski, Congress Poland. Her father was a wealthy rabbi although Rose remained a staunch atheist throughout her life. She left Poland at the age of 17 and eventually relocated to England. There she met Utopian Socialist, Robert Owen, a socialist, and the two were good friends. She married William Ella Rose, another socialist and the two emigrated to the United States in 1836 and settled in NYC. Rose became a speaker for abolition of slaver...

Salomon, Haym, 1740-1785

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Haym Salomon was a Polish-born Jewish businessman and political financial broker who assisted the Superintendent of Finance, English-born Robert Morris, as the prime financier of the rebel American side during the American Revolutionary War against Great Britain. Having immigrated to New York City from Poland, Salomon aided the Continental Army during the period of the American Revolution and helped convert French loans into ready cash by selling bills of exchange for Morris, the superintende...

Foner, Philip Sheldon, 1910-1994

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Philip Foner, a prominent and prolific historian of the American labor movement, was born in 1910. Radicalized by the Great Depression, he has been politically close to the Communist Party, and taught courses at several of its schools for workers. While he is best known for his multi-volume History of the Labor Movement in the United States, Foner is the author and editor of dozens of books, pamphlets and articles. For many years, Foner taught at Lincoln College, in Pennsylvania. Fro...

Porter, Jack Nusan.

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Jack Nusan Porter was born Yaakov Puchtik on December 2, 1944 in Rovno, Ukraine, U.S.S.R. He was the son of Israel and Fayge Puchtik. After World War II, the Puchtiks emigrated from the Soviet Union and in 1946 settled in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In the United States, the Puchtiks anglicized their names to Porter: Irving, Fay, and Jack. After taking his B.A. from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee in 1967, Porter undertook graduate study in sociology at Northwestern Univ...

Foner, Henry

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Henry J. Foner (1919- ), longtime activist leader of the Joint Board, Fur, Leather and Machine Workers Union (FLM), grew up in New York, in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn. His father had a seltzer delivery route, and later owned a garage. In high school, Foner started playing saxophone with a band at hotels in the Catskills. He also started composing comic verses, played to the tunes of popular songs. By the late 1930s, Foner had acquired an interest in history and politics fr...

New York (State). Legislature. Joint Legislative Committee to Investigate the Educational System of the State of New York

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The Joint Legislative Committee of the State Education System, chaired by Assemblyman Herbert A. Rapp, was created by concurrent resolution of the New York State Senate and Assembly on March 29, 1940. The Committee was given broad authority to investigate the administration and financing of education in the state, and to study "the extent, if any, to which subversive activities may have been permitted to exist in the schools and colleges of the public educational system of the City ...

Prago, Albert

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Albert Prago (1911-1993) was a scholar of Latin American history and Marxist economics, a college teacher and a veteran of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. After being wounded in Spain, he returned to the United States in 1938, and pursued a career in teaching and research. He published several books and articles on labor history, Latin-American history and the Spanish Civil War, earned a Ph.D. in history in 1976, and co-edited the 1987 anthology Our Fight with fellow Lincoln Brigade ve...

Rosenberg, Julius, 1918-1953

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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were American citizens who were convicted of spying on behalf of the Soviet Union. The couple were accused of providing top-secret information about radar, sonar, jet propulsion engines, and valuable nuclear weapon designs; at that time the United States was the only country in the world with nuclear weapons. Convicted of espionage in 1951, they were executed by the federal government of the United States in 1953 in the Sing Sing correctional facility in Ossining, New ...

Foner, Moe, 1915-

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Labor union organizer. From the description of Reminiscences of Moe Foner: oral history, 1986. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 309737252 ...

Eisenberger, Sidney

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Sarna, Jonathan D.

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City University of New York. City College

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Leberstein, Steven

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Foner, Jack D.

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Historian and pioneer in black studies. From the description of Jack D. Foner papers, 1974. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 698184234 ...

Harap, Louis

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Schappes, Morris U. (Morris Urman), 1907-

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Born Moishe Shapshilevich in 1907 in Kamenetz-Podolsk, Ukraine, Schappes was raised in Brazil and moved with his parents to New York in 1914. Earning his Bachelor of Arts at City College and his Master of Arts at Columbia University, he joined the faculty of City College as an English lecturer in 1928. As a scholar, Schappes first achieved prominence for his work on the poetry and letters of Emma Lazarus, published in a series of books and monographs between 1944 and 1987. His broader historical...

Rubenstein, Annette T.

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Rosenberg, Ethel, 1915-1953

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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were American citizens who were convicted of spying on behalf of the Soviet Union. The couple were accused of providing top-secret information about radar, sonar, jet propulsion engines, and valuable nuclear weapon designs; at that time the United States was the only country in the world with nuclear weapons. Convicted of espionage in 1951, they were executed by the federal government of the United States in 1953 in the Sing Sing correctional facility in Ossining, New ...

Rapp-Coudert Committee.

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