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Hurston, Zora Neale, 1891-1960
Zora Neale Hurston was an American author, anthropologist, and filmmaker. She portrayed racial struggles in the early-1900s American South and published research on hoodoo. The most popular of her four novels is Their Eyes Were Watching God, published in 1937. She also wrote more than 50 short stories, plays, and essays.
Hurston was born in Notasulga, Alabama, and moved with her family to Eatonville, Florida, in 1894. She later used Eatonville as the setting for many of her stories. It is now the site of the "Zora! Festival", held each year in her honor.
In her early career, Hurston conducted anthropological and ethnographic research while a student at Barnard College and Columbia University. She had an interest in African-American and Caribbean folklore, and how these contributed to the community's identity.
She also wrote fiction about contemporary issues in the black community and became a central figure of the Harlem Renaissance. Her short satires, drawing from the African-American experience and racial division, were published in anthologies such as The New Negro and Fire!! After moving back to Florida, Hurston wrote and published her literary anthology on African-American folklore in North Florida, Mules and Men (1935), and her first three novels: Jonah's Gourd Vine (1934); Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937); and Moses, Man of the Mountain (1939). Also published during this time was Tell My Horse: Voodoo and Life in Haiti and Jamaica (1938), documenting her research on rituals in Jamaica and Haiti.
Hurston's works concerned both the African-American experience and her struggles as an African-American woman. Her novels went relatively unrecognized by the literary world for decades. Interest was revived in 1975 after author Alice Walker published an article, "In Search of Zora Neale Hurston", in the March issue of Ms. magazine that year. Hurston's manuscript Every Tongue Got to Confess, a collection of folktales gathered in the 1920s, was published posthumously in 2001 after being discovered in the Smithsonian archives. Her nonfiction book Barracoon: The Story of the Last "Black Cargo", about the life of Cudjoe Lewis (Kossola), was published posthumously in 2018.
Archival Resources
| Role | Title | Holding Repository | |
|---|---|---|---|
| referencedIn | Collected materials on the Zora Neale Hurston festival, 1990-2006. | University of Central Florida, UCF | |
| referencedIn | Kennedy, Stetson,. Stetson Kennedy oral history interview, 1988 Dec. 31. | Georgia State University | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. Zora Neale Hurston Collection 1930-1972. | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. Papers, 1926-1960. | University of Florida | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. [Letter] : on board the houseboat Sun Tan [to] Dr. Carita Doggett Corse, 1946, May 29. | Jacksonville University, Carl S. Swisher Library | |
| referencedIn | Tracy L'Engle Angas Papers, 1860-1986, 1892-1986 | Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida | |
| referencedIn | Alice Walker papers, circa 1930-2014 | Emory University. Special Collections and Archives | |
| referencedIn | Documents Relating to the Trial of Ruby McCollum for the Murder of Dr. LeRoy Adams, Live Oak, Florida, 1954 | Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida | |
| referencedIn | Larry Neal papers, 1961-1985. | New York State Historical Documents Inventory | |
| referencedIn | James Weldon Johnson and Grace Nail Johnson papers, circa 1850-2005, 1900-1976 | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library | |
| creatorOf | Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967. Mule Bone [manuscript] : a Negro folk comedy / by Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston; 1930. | University of Virginia. Library | |
| referencedIn | Jones, Thomas Elsa. Thomas Elsa Jones collection (1-71), 1925-1947 (bulk, 1926-1946). | John Hope and Aurelia E. Franklin Library. Special Collections & Archives | |
| referencedIn | Lewis, David L., 1936-. Voices from the Renaissance collection, 1974-1977. | New York Public Library System, NYPL | |
| referencedIn | Voices from the Renaissance collection, 1974-1977 | Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Archives Section | |
| creatorOf | Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967. Mule Bone [manuscript] : a Negro folk comedy / by Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston, 1930. | University of Virginia. Library | |
| creatorOf | Zora Neale Hurston Collection | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. Polk County : a musical comedy of Negro life, 1944. | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library | |
| creatorOf | Erskine, Helen Worden, 1896-1984. Helen Worden Erskine papers, 1860-1984. | Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries | |
| referencedIn | Clear Pictures, Film Footage Collection, 1991-1996 | David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library | |
| referencedIn | Cullen, Countee, 1903-1946. Papers. 1921-1979. | Tulane University, Amistad Research Center | |
| referencedIn | Stetson Kennedy Collection, 1940-2002, 1992-2002 | ||
| referencedIn | Julius Rosenwald Fund. Julius Rosenwald Fund records, 1917-1948. | John Hope and Aurelia E. Franklin Library. Special Collections & Archives | |
| referencedIn | Xavier University of Louisiana. Richard Wright collection, 1896-1994, bulk 1940-1944. | Xavier University of Louisiana, XULA | |
| referencedIn | Prentiss Taylor papers | Archives of American Art | |
| creatorOf | Literary and scholarly manuscripts collection, [ca. 1930-1980] | New York State Historical Documents Inventory | |
| creatorOf | Jelliffe, Russell W., 1891-1980. Russell and Rowena Jelliffe papers, 1914-1991. | Western Reserve Historical Society, Research Library | |
| creatorOf | Zora Neale Hurston collection, 1919-1945. | New York State Historical Documents Inventory | |
| referencedIn | Paul Green Papers, 1880-1992 | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Historical Collection | |
| creatorOf | Locke, Alain LeRoy, 1886-1954. Papers, 1841-1983 (bulk 1898-1954). | Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University | |
| referencedIn | Larry Neal papers, 1961-1985 | Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Archives Section | |
| referencedIn | Angas, Tracy L'Engle, 1892-1986. Papers, [ca. 1860]-1986, bulk 1892-1986. | University of Florida | |
| creatorOf | Parks, Suzan-Lori. Their eyes were watching God : screenplay, 2004. | New York Public Library System, NYPL | |
| referencedIn | Langston Hughes papers, 1862-1980 | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library | |
| referencedIn | Southern Folklife Collection Artist Name File, 1940-2005 | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Folklife Collection. | |
| referencedIn | Kentucky State University. Office of the President. Lyceum Committee minutes, 1933-1946. | Kentucky Department of Libraries and Archives, Kentucky Guide Project Office | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. The Ocoee riot. | Manatee County Public Library System | |
| referencedIn | Robert E. Hemenway Personal Papers, 1906-2008 | University of Kansas Kenneth Spencer Research Library University Archives | |
| referencedIn | Patterson, Louise Thompson. Louise Thompson Patterson papers, 1909-1996. | Emory University. Special Collections and Archives | |
| referencedIn | Spingarn, Arthur B. (Arthur Barnett), 1878-1971. Papers, 1914-1971. | Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University | |
| referencedIn | Collected Materials on the Zora Neale Hurston Festival, 1990-2006 | Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, | |
| referencedIn | Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967. Papers of Langston Hughes [manuscript], 1925-1982. | University of Virginia. Library | |
| referencedIn | Lawrence E. Spivak Papers, 1917-1994, (bulk 1945-1983) | Library of Congress. Manuscript Division | |
| creatorOf | Zora Neale Hurston Papers, 1919-2002, 1926-1960 | Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida | |
| referencedIn | Kennedy, Stetson,. Stetson Kennedy oral history interview, 1988 Nov. 11. | Georgia State University | |
| referencedIn | McCollum, Ruby,. Documents relating to the trial of Ruby McCollum for the murder of Dr. LeRoy Adams, Live Oak, Florida, 1954. | University of Florida | |
| referencedIn | Gannett, Lewis, 1891-1966. Papers, 1681-1966 (bulk 1900-1960) | Houghton Library | |
| creatorOf | Karamu House. Karamu House records, 1914-1979. | Western Reserve Historical Society, Research Library | |
| creatorOf | Johnson, Georgia Douglas, d. 1966. Papers, ca. 1930-ca. 1960. | Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. Plays of Zora Neale Hurston, 1925-1944. | Library of Congress | |
| referencedIn | American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Native American Languages, American Philosophical Society, 1882-1958 | American Philosophical Society | |
| referencedIn | Richard Gaither Walser Papers, 1918-1988 | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Historical Collection | |
| referencedIn | Marlon Riggs Collection, 1957-1994 | Cecil H. Green Library. Department of Special Collections and University Archives | |
| referencedIn | West, Dorothy, 1909-. Papers, 1914-1985 (inclusive). | Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America | |
| referencedIn | Kennedy, Stetson,. Stetson Kennedy oral history interview, 1988 Nov. 26. | Georgia State University | |
| creatorOf | Zora Neale Hurston collection, 1919-1945 | Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Archives Section | |
| referencedIn | Langston Hughes Collection, 1925-1956 | University of Virginia. Library. Special Collections Dept. | |
| referencedIn | Kennedy, Stetson. Stetson Kennedy papers, 1936-1978 [manuscript]. | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. Zora Neale Hurston Collection 1930-1972. | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library | |
| referencedIn | Eastman, Max Forrester, 1883-1969. Eastman mss. 1892-1968 | Lilly Library (Indiana University, Bloomington) | |
| creatorOf | Zora Neale Hurston Collection, 1930-1972 | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library | |
| referencedIn | Angoff, Charles, 1902-1979. Charles Angoff collection, 1927-1978. | Boston University. School of Medicine | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. Polk County : a musical comedy of Negro life, 1944. | Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library | |
| creatorOf | Hurston, Zora Neale. Turpentining. | Jacksonville University, Carl S. Swisher Library | |
| referencedIn | Billops, Camille. Camille Billops and James V. Hatch archives at Emory University. | Emory University. Special Collections and Archives | |
| creatorOf | Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967. Mule bone : a comedy of Negro life in three acts: typescript, 1991. | New York Public Library System, NYPL | |
| referencedIn | Meyer, Annie Nathan, 1867-1951. Annie Nathan Meyer papers, 1858-1950 (bulk 1885-1948). | The Jacob Rader Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives | |
| creatorOf | Huie, William Bradford, 1910-1986. Papers, [ca. 1920]-1989. | Ohio State University Libraries | |
| referencedIn | Horton, Myles, 1905-1990,. Myles Horton oral history interview, 1989 Dec. 15. | Georgia State University | |
| referencedIn | Hemenway, Robert E., 1941-. [Robert E. Hemenway personal papers] | University of Kansas Archives / MSS / Rare Books, Kenneth Spencer Research Library |
Bibliographic and Digital Archival Resources
| Role | Title | Holding Repository | |
|---|---|---|---|
| referencedIn | The 100 Greatest Women of All Time. | ||
| referencedIn | Herstory |
Filters:
| Place Name | Admin Code | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eatonville | FL | US | |
| Fort Pierce | FL | US | |
| Westfield | NJ | US | |
| Alabama | AL | US |
| Subject |
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Person
Birth 1891-01-07
Death 1960-01-28
Female
Americans,
African Americans
English
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