Spencer Napoleonica collection, 1756-1975.

France. Armée

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6xq7wwh (corporateBody)

The Charles Henri, comte d’Estaing Journal Militaire traces the efforts of France to engage the British military in Europe during the American Revolutionary War. After d’Estaing unsuccessfully attempted to defeat the British navy in North America between 1777 and 1780, he turned his attention to allying with Spain for the siege on Gibraltar. The Franco-Spanish forces blockaded Gibraltar from to December 1779 to February 1783, and though they succeeded in taking Minorca on February 5...

Napoléon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w69x15nw (person)

Napoleon Bonaparte was a general of the French Revolution (1789-1799); the ruler of France as First Consul of the French Republic from November 11, 1799, to May 18, 1804; Emperor of the French and King of Italy under the name Napoleon I from May 18,1804, to April 6,1814; and briefly restored as Emperor from March 20 to June 22, 1815. He conquered much of Europe but lost two-thirds of his army in a disastrous invasion of Russia in 1812. After his final loss to Britain and Prussia at the Battle of...

Marie Louise, Empress, consort of Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1791-1847

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w62r3wwk (person)

Marie Louise was the second wife of Napoleon who lived in Parma after her husband was exiled to St. Helena. From the description of ALS, 1817 February 11 : Parma [Italy] to Victoire. (Haverford College Library). WorldCat record id: 28083615 2nd wife of Napoleon I. From the description of Autograph letters signed (95) : to her uncle Ferdinand of Austria, Grand Duke of Tuscany, 1810 Jul. 17-1824 May 3. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270608702 From the desc...

Elphinstone, George Keith, 1746-1823

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6c53rtz (person)

Epithet: Admiral Viscount Keith; Subject of Mss Eur E272 British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000001477.0x000198 George Keith Elphinstone, Viscount Keith, British naval officer and politician. From the description of George Keith Elphinstone, Viscount Keith manuscript material : 4 items, 1799-1813 (New York Public Library). WorldCat record id: 183893449 From the guide to the George Keith Elphinston...

Bonaparte, Lucien,, prince de Canino, 1775-1840

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6js9xkx (person)

Brother of Napoleon I. From the description of Autograph signature to order : Paris, 6 Fructidor an 8 [1800 Aug. 25]. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270535593 From the description of Autograph letter signed : Viterbo, to Cav. Pier Leoni, 1821 Oct. 10. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270530708 From the description of Autograph signature to letter : Paris, to Citizen Reguin, 28 Vendemiare an 9, (1800 Oct. 21). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270535361 From the ...

Charles XIV John, King of Sweden and Norway, 1763-1844

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6tf06jd (person)

Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte (1763-1844), French General of the Army, sometime ambassador to Vienna, and one of the marshals of France during the Empire, was acting as governor of Hanover from June 1804 to September 1805 and was in command of an army corps from Hanover. In 1810, he was elected crown prince Charles John of Sweden, and was King Charles XIV of Sweden and Norway, 1818-1844. From the description of Charles XIV papers, 1795-1805 [manuscript]. WorldCat record id: 38213995...

Bonaparte, Paolina, 1780-1825

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6571xgm (person)

Marie-Pauline was a younger sister of Napoleon I of France. She was married to General Charles Leclerc and after his death to Camillo Borghese. She posed for a partially nude sculpture by Antonio Canova as Venus Victrix. From the description of [Letters] / Pauline. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 172987661 ...

Desaix, Louis-Charles-Antoine, 1768-1800

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6s260qb (person)

Josephine, Empress, consort of Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1763-1814,

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w62614mm (person)

Born Marie Josephe Rose Tascher de la Pagerie on the island of Martinique, she was married to Alexandre, Vicomte de Beauharnais in 1779. He was guillotined in 1794. She was introduced to Napoleon Bonaparte in 1795 and married him in 1796. He made her his empress in 1804, but divorced her in 1810. She retired to Malmaison, her country home, where she died in 1814. From the description of [Letters] / Josephine. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 171160047 ...

Bonaparte family.

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6fz6pp1 (family)

Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland, 1778-1846

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6gq7432 (person)

Brother of Napoleon I. From the description of Autograph signature to letter : Domenica, to Prof. Ciampolini, 1840 Apr. 5. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270535347 Louis Bonaparte was a younger brother of Napoleon I of France. Louis served in the French Army and was a General by age 25. He was made King of Holland (1806-1810). He married Hortense de Beauharnais (1802); their son became Napoleon III. From the description of [Letter 1807 Sep. 27 [to] M. Fornier, ch...

Ney, Michel, duc d'Elchingen, 1769-1815

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6ws9884 (person)

Michel Ney was one of 18 Marshals of France under Napoleon. He participated in the French invasion of and retreat from Russia in 1812 and earned himself the nickname of "Le Rougeaud, le Brave des Braves" (the bravest of the brave) from Napoleon. He was named the 1st Due d'Elchingen (1805) and 1st Prince de la Moskowa (1813) by Napoleon. Ney assisted in the effort to depose Napoleon, sided with the restoration of the monarchy and Louis XVIII. When Napoleon again assumed his position as Emperor, N...

Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, 1768-1844

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6x63s9z (person)

Joseph Bonaparte (1768-1844) was the Count of Survilliers, the exiled King of Naples and Spain, and the older brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. After Napoleon's defeat in 1815, Joseph's family, including Napoleon himself, made arrangements to sail for America. Before departure, however, Napoleon decided to remain in France, as did Joseph's wife, Julie, whose poor health prevented her from traveling with her husband. After brief stops in New York and Philadelphia, Joseph purchased a 211-acre estate ...

Mortier, Adolphe.

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6841nzg (person)

Baciocchi, Felix.

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6rr9tz4 (person)

Borghese, Camillo, 1775-1832

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w66q30qg (person)

Camillo Borghese was the second husband of Paolina Bonaparte. From the description of [Letter] 1808 dic. 27, Turino [to] Cardinale e Tio / Camillo. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 181641569 Husband of Marie Pauline Bonaparte. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Venice, to M. Paroletti, 1819 Apr. 9. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270530673 ...

Junot, Jean Andoche, duc d'Abrantès, 1771-1813.

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6t44d4x (person)

French soldier. From the description of Document signed : Paris, 1802 July 13. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270904650 ...

Fesch, Joseph, 1763-1839

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6bv821v (person)

French cardinal. From the description of Letter signed : Lyons, to an unidentified senator, 1807 Jan. 26. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270537822 ...

Bonaparte, Carlo Maria, 1746-1785

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w69s2ptb (person)

Carlo Bonaparte was a Corsican lawyer from an Italian noble family. He was the father of Napoleon I. From the description of [Letter] 1773 ag. 17, Bastia [to] monsieur de Ceccaldi / De Buonaparte. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 171158917 ...

Hortense, Queen, consort of Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland, 1783-1837

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6p2868t (person)

Hortense de Beauharnais was born to Alexandre, Vicomte de Beauharnais and Josephine Tascher de la Pagerie, the latter the future wife of Napoleon. She was the wife of Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland (from 1806-1810) and the mother of Napoleon III. From the description of [Letter, 1815?] Oct. 15 [to] Mr. Brent. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 234302354 Mother of Napoleon III. From the description of Autograph letter signed : Arenenburg [Thurgau], to an unide...

Jourdan, Jean-Baptiste, 1762-1833

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6xp90pg (person)

Beauharnais, Eugène de, 1781-1824

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w68w3s6m (person)

Eugène de Beauharnais was the son of Alexandre de Beauharnais and Josephine de Tascher de La Pagerie (the future Josephine Napoleon). After the marriage of Josephine and Napoleon, Eugène was adopted by Napoleon (but was not considered heir to the throne). He served in various military and political capacities for Napoleon, including command of the Army of Italy. After the fall of Napoleon, he lived in Munich, where his father-in-law made him Duke of Leuchtenberg. He was married to the Princess...

Jérôme Bonaparte, King of Westphalia, 1784-1860.

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6rr23f2 (person)

Younger brother of Napoleon. From the description of Letter signed : Trieste, to Baron de Gayl, 1820 Aug. 14. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 652546247 From the description of Letter signed : Trieste, to Baron de Gayl, 1821 June 18. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 652926305 From the description of Letter signed : Trieste, to Baron de Gayl, 1822 Dec. 29. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 653146118 From the description of Letter signed : Trieste, to Baron de Gayl,...

Francis I, Emperor of Austria, 1768-1835

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6pg2bn8 (person)

Name variations: Franz I, Emperor of Austria; Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor. From the description of Francis I, Emperor of Austria, correspondence, 1818. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79453606 ...

Davout, Louis Nicolas, duc d'Auerstædt et prince d'Eckmühl, 1770-1823

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6xp7jnw (person)

Davout was a Marshall of France during the Napoleonic era and served as Minister of War from 20 Mar. 1815 to 7 July 1815. From the description of [Document] 1815 avril 26 / L. Davout. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 212210376 Napoleon's Minister of War in 1815. From the description of Rapport à sa majesté l'Empereur : to Napoleon I, 1815 May 6. (Bryn Mawr College). WorldCat record id: 25206782 Marshal of France. From the description of...

Spencer, William Marvin, 1892-1984

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6zh04c8 (person)

William M. Spencer was born in 1892 in Erie, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Princeton in 1915 and enlisted as an officer in the 165th Infantry Regiment, the former "Fighting 69th" made famous by Col. William Donovan and Father Francis Duffy. As a 2nd Lieutenant, Spencer participated in the Second Battle of the Marne (1918), engaging the enemy on the heights near Villes sur Fere, France. His actions while wounded earned a Distinguished Service Cross. After the war in Chicago, Spencer worked at t...

Bonaparte, Letizia, 1750?-1836

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6hq44rr (person)

Mother of Napoleon. From the description of Autograph letter in Italian signed : Cusset, 27 Messidor, to her son Louis, 1800 Jul. 16. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270989649 Mother of Napoleon I. From the description of Autograph subscription to letter : to a daughter, without date. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270535888 Letizia Ramolino was married to Carlo Buonaparte and mother to Napoleon I of France. From the description of [Letter] 18...

Bonaparte, François-Charles-Joseph, Herzog von Reichstadt, 1811-1832

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6v20z6j (person)

Son of Napoleon I. From the description of Autograph translation of a portion of Caesar and other historical exercises, 1828 Mar. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270535983 From the description of Autograph copying book of letters and other writings, 1829 Dec.-1830 Jan. (Morgan Library & Museum). WorldCat record id: 81020997 From the description of Autograph signature to military report, 1830 Jan. 10. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270535578 ...

Caroline Bonaparte, consort of Joachim Murat, King of Naples, 1782-1839

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6611k7k (person)

Sister of Napoleon I, wife of Murat. From the description of Autograph signature to letter : Rome, to Eugene Le Bon, 1830 June 16. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270535326 Caroline Bonaparte was a younger sister of Napoleon I of France. She married Joachim Murat whom Napoleon made King of Naples in 1808. From the description of [Letters / Caroline Bonaparte] (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 171159816 ...

Berthier, Louis-Alexandre, 1753-1815

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6w09hvq (person)

Berthier, prince de Neuchâtel, was Marshall of France and Chief of Staff under Napoleon. Caffarelli was a French General and minister of War for the Kingdom of Italy. From the description of [Letter] 1811 mars 8, Paris [to] General Caffarelli / Neuchâtel. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 171158144 Louis-Alexandre Berthier (1753-1815), one of the four sons of Jean-Baptiste Berthier, was born in Versailles, where his father was in charge of the Royal Map Ser...

Piombino, Elisa Bonaparte Baciocchi, principessa di, 1777-1820

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6zp4spd (person)

Elisa was a younger sister of Napoleon I of France. He gave her the principality of Lucca (1805) and Piombino (1806) and in 1809 made her the Grand Duchess of Tuscany (until 1814). She married Felix Baciocchi, a General in the French Army. From the description of [Letters] / Elisa Baciocchi. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 171160281 ...

Joachim Murat, King of Naples, 1767-1815

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w62n5n6f (person)

Joachim Murat married Napoleon's sister Caroline in 1800 and was appointed King of Naples by Napoleon in 1808. From the description of [Letter, 1808?] juil. 19 [to] Monsieur le Ministré / Joachim Napoleon. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 298954565 Epithet: King of Naples 1808 British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000985.0x000184 Marshal of France. From the description of Letter ...

Clarke, Henri Jacques Guillaume, 1765-1818

http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w63r17js (person)

French army officer and government official, minister of war under Napoleon from 1807-1814 and under Louis XVIII from 1815-1817. From the description of Henri Jacques Guillaume Clarke letters and documents, 1808-1839. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 63937081 ...