James McHenry Papers 1775-1862 (bulk 1775-1816)

Tallmadge, Benjamin, 1754-1835

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Benjamin Tallmadge (1754-1835) acted as principal director of George Washington's secret service from 1778-1783, after the death of Nathan Hale. He won distinction as a field officer, notably at the capture of Fort St. George, Long Island, in 1780. With his leadership, Washington was able to create a strong and successful chain of spies throughout the New York area, beginning the secret service in America. These agents, primarily the Culper Spy Ring, gathered information for Washington, which gr...

Dickinson, Philemon, 1739-1809

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Philemon Dickinson (April 5, 1739 – February 4, 1809) was an American lawyer and politician from Trenton, New Jersey. As a brigadier general of the New Jersey militia, he was one of the most effective militia officers of the American Revolutionary War. He was also a Continental Congressman from Delaware and a United States Senator from New Jersey. Born at Croisadore in Talbot County in the Province of Maryland, he moved with his family to Dover, Delaware as a child. He was educated by a priva...

Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804

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Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757 – July 12, 1804) was an American revolutionary, statesman and Founding Father of the United States. Hamilton was an influential interpreter and promoter of the U.S. Constitution, the founder of the Federalist Party, as well as a founder of the nation's financial system, the United States Coast Guard, and the New York Post newspaper. As the first secretary of the treasury, Hamilton was the main author of the economic policies of the administration of P...

Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834

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Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette was born at Chavaniac, Auvergne, in 1757, to an old, illustrious family of the provincial and military nobility. He lost both his parents early: his father was killed by the British at the Battle of Minden when Lafayette was two years old (1759), and when he was thirteen and attending the prestigious Collège de Plessis in Paris both his mother and grandfather died (1770). The latter's death left Lafayette with a si...

Carroll, Charles, 1737-1832

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Charles Carroll (September 19, 1737 – November 14, 1832), known as Charles Carroll of Carrollton or Charles Carroll III, was an Irish-American politician, planter, slaveholder, and signatory of the Declaration of Independence. He was the last surviving person to sign the Declaration of Independence, dying 56 years after signing the document, in addition to being the only Catholic signatory. Considered one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, Carroll was known contemporaneously as the...

McHenry, James, 1753-1816

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James McHenry (November 16, 1753 – May 3, 1816) was a Scotch-Irish American military surgeon, statesman, and a Founding Father of the United States. McHenry was a signer of the United States Constitution from Maryland, initiated the recommendation for Congress to form the Navy, and was the eponym of Fort McHenry. He represented Maryland in the Continental Congress. He was a delegate to the Maryland State Convention of 1788, to vote whether Maryland should ratify the proposed Constitution of the ...

Lee, Thomas Sim, 1745-1819

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Thomas Sim Lee (October 29, 1745 – November 9, 1819) was an American planter and statesman of Frederick County, Maryland. Although not a signatory to the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation or the US Constitution, he was an important participant in the process of their creation. Thomas Sim Lee was the second State Governor of Maryland, serving twice, from 1779 to 1783 and again from 1792 to 1794. Thomas Sim Lee also served as a delegate of Maryland in the Congress of the C...

Hindman, William, 1743-1822

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William Hindman (April 1, 1743 – January 19, 1822) was an American lawyer and statesman from Talbot County, Maryland. He represented Maryland in the Continental Congress, and in the federal Congress as both a Representative from the second and seventh districts, and as a U.S. Senator. Born in Dorchester County in the Province of Maryland, Hindman pursued classical studies before attending the University of Pennsylvania and studying law at the Inns of Court in London, returning to Maryland in ...

Rush, Benjamin, 1746-1813

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Benjamin Rush (January 4, 1746 [O.S. December 24, 1745] – April 19, 1813) was a Founding Father of the United States who signed the United States Declaration of Independence, and a civic leader in Philadelphia, where he was a physician, politician, social reformer, humanitarian, and educator and the founder of Dickinson College. Rush attended the Continental Congress. His later self-description there was: "He aimed right." He served as Surgeon General of the Continental Army and became a profess...

Chase, Samuel, 1741-1811

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Samuel Chase (April 17, 1741 – June 19, 1811) was a Founding Father of the United States, an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, and a signatory to the Continental Association and United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of Maryland. He was impeached by the House of Representatives on grounds of letting his partisan leanings affect his court decisions but was acquitted by the Senate and remained in office. Born near Princess Anne, Maryland, Chase establi...

Adams, John, 1735-1826

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John Adams (1735-1826) was the second president of the United States, born in Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts. He served as defense counsel for British soldiers accused of Boston Massacre in 1770; as delegate to Continental Congress from 1774 to 1778; as member of committee charged with drafting Declaration of Independence in 1776; as congressional commissioner to France from 1778 to 1779; as minister to United Provinces in 1780; and negotiated a loan from Dutch bankers in 1782. Adams join...

Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 1746-1825

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Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (February 25, 1746 – August 16, 1825) was an early American statesman of South Carolina, Revolutionary War veteran, and delegate to the Constitutional Convention. He was twice nominated by the Federalist Party as its presidential candidate in 1804 and 1808, losing both elections. Pinckney was born into a powerful family of aristocratic planters. He practiced law for several years and was elected to the colonial legislature. A supporter of independence from Great Br...

Macon, Nathaniel, 1757-1837

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Nathaniel Macon (December 17, 1757 – June 29, 1837) was an American politician who represented North Carolina in both houses of Congress. He was the fifth Speaker of the House, serving from 1801 to 1807. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1791 to 1815 and a member of the United States Senate from 1815 to 1828. He opposed ratification of the United States Constitution and the Federalist economic policies of Alexander Hamilton. Thomas Jefferson dubbed him "Ultimas R...

Williamson, Hugh, 1735-1819

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Williamson was a Signer of the Declaration of Independence and a delegate to the Federal Constitutional Convention from North Carolina. From the description of ALS, 1800 November 29 : New York, to James McHenry, Baltimore. (Copley Press, J S Copley Library). WorldCat record id: 14198321 Williamson was an American politician, born in Pennsylvania, who moved to North Carolina after completing his education and represented North Carolina in U.S. Constitutional Convention. He wa...

United States. Continental Army

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In response to the expansion of the Continental Army the number of staff was increased and reorganized in 1776. Changes included the creation of a new unit to supplement George Washington's personal staff. This special unit, the Commander in Chief's Guard, was formed on March 12, 1776 with Captain Caleb Gibbs (formerly adjutant of the 14th Continental Regiment and appointed Aid to Major General Greene) as commander. The unit protected Washington, the army's cash, and official papers. ...

Henley, David, 1749-1823

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Samuel Hodgdon served in the Washington and Adams administrations as the Quartermaster General. From the description of Letter from Samuel Hodgdon : respecting wagons loaded with goods for the Cherokee treaty, 1798 March 1. (Cornell University Library). WorldCat record id: 64060940 Continental Army officer; commissioner of Indian Affairs in Tennessee; and clerk in the War Dept., Washington, D.C. From the description of Papers, 1791-1800. (Duke University Library)...

Stoddert, Benjamin, 1751-1813

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First Secretary of the Navy, 1798-1801. From the description of Letter : Georgetown, to Messrs. Samuel & J. Smith, Baltimore, 1786 March 8. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 22919290 From the description of Letter : Georgetown, to John Templeman, Philadelphia, 1792 Oct. 31. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 22919313 Benjamin Stoddert, a Maryland native, was the first Secretary of the Navy, serving from 1789 to 1801. He built a powerful fleet and established the Marine...

Tracy, Uriah, 1755-1807

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Tracy served in the U.S. Congress as a Representative (1793-1796) and Senator (1796-1807). He had a law practice in Litchfield, Ct. and served as a major general in the militia. From the description of [Letter] 1797 Oct. 9, Litchfield, [Ct., to] Eben. Huntington, Adjt. Genl. / Uriah Tracy, B. Genl. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 227037317 Federalist Senator, Oct. 1796-1807. From the description of Uriah Tracy letter, 1800 May 24. (Litchfield Historical Soci...

Washington, George, 1732-1799

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George Washington (b. Feb. 22, 1732, Westmoreland County, Va.-d. Dec. 14, 1799, Mount Vernon, VA) was the first president of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1797. Washington came from a family of farmers and landowners. He had little education but showed an aptitude for mathematics. He used this talent to become a surveyor. At 15, Washington took a job as assistant surveyor on a team sent to map the Shenandoah Valley in western Virginia. In his early 20s, Washington joined the Virgin...

Wilkinson, James, 1757-1825

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James Wilkinson was born in Maryland and served as an officer in the American Revolution. In 1783 he settled in Kentucky, where he engaged in politics, land speculation, and trade. In 1805 he was appointed governor of Upper Louisiana. Wilkinson's activities in the West implicated him in the Spanish Conspiracy and the Burr Conspiracy; he was acquitted by a court of inquiry during the Burr investigation and by a court martial in 1811. He served as a military commander in the West during the War of...

United States. Constitutional Convention 1787

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Pickering, Timothy, 1745-1829

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Timothy Pickering (b. July 17, 1745, Salem, MA–d. January 29, 1829, Salem, MA) was a politician from Massachusetts who served as the third United States Secretary of State under Presidents George Washington and John Adams. He also represented Massachusetts in both houses of Congress as a member of the Federalist Party. Born in Salem, Massachusetts, Pickering began a legal career after graduating from Harvard University. He won election to the Massachusetts General Court and served as a cou...

United States. War Department

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Marcy served as Secretary of War under James K. Polk, 1845-1849. From the description of William L. Marcy letter : Washington [D.C.], to Col. J.D. Stevenson, New York City, ALS, 1846 June 26. (University of California, Berkeley). WorldCat record id: 43771263 Officer, Second U.S. Cavalry, 1868-1892. From the description of Report of Lieutenant Gustavus C. Doane, 1870 Dec.15. (Montana State University Bozeman Library). WorldCat record id: 43955079 U.S. gov...

Knox, Henry, 1750-1806

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American revolutionary officer. From the description of Autograph letter signed : [n.p.], to Thomas Jefferson, 1793 Apr. 1. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270596665 From the description of Autograph letter signed : [n.p.], to General Henry Jackson, 1796 Oct. 26. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270596669 From the description of Autograph letter signed : Westpoint, to Colonel Pickering, Quartermaster General, 1782 Sept. 15. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270598200 ...

Murray, William Vans, 1760-1803

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Diplomat and U.S. representative from Maryland. From the description of Papers of William Vans Murray, 1778-1805 (bulk 1797-1801). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 79455680 Murray was member of Congress from Maryland and Minister to the Netherlands. McHenry was Secretary of War. From the description of Autograph letters (13) signed : to James McHenry, Secretary of War, 1794 Dec. 16-1797 Nov. 1. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 270613098 American diplomat. ...

United States. Army

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The United States Army is the largest branch of the United States Armed Forces and performs land-based military operations. It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution, Article 2, Section 2, Clause 1 and United States Code, Title 10, Subtitle B, Chapter 301, Section 3001. As the largest and senior branch of the U.S. military, the modern U.S. Army has its roots in the Continental Army, which wa...

Greene, Nathanael, 1742-1786

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Revolutionary War officer. From the description of Papers, 1778-1786. (Duke University Library). WorldCat record id: 19593641 Army officer. From the description of Nathanael Greene papers, 1775-1785. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 70979865 Nathanael Greene was a major general in the Continental Army. He was promoted to Quartermaster General in 1778. From the description of Papers, 1778-1780. (American Philosophical Society Library). WorldCat ...

Wolcott, Oliver, 1760-1833

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Governor of Connecticut, 1817-1827; Secretary of Treasury, 1795-1800. From the description of Letter, 1827 August 20. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 122582959 Wolcott was a signer of the U.S. Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation. He served as governor of Connecticut (1796-1797). From the description of [Letters] 1799-1811 / Oliv: Wolcott. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 491419916 American lawyer and politician. F...