American Fund for Public Service records 1922-1941

Johnson, James Weldon, 1871-1938

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James Weldon Johnson was a publisher, educator, lawyer, composer, artist, diplomat, and civil rights leader. Together with his brother, J. Rosamond Johnson, he wrote the song "Lift Every Voice and Sing", which came to be known as the "Negro National Anthem", as well as a large number of popular songs for the musical stage of the early twentieth century. Johnson also served as consul of the United States to Venezuela and Nicaragua. He wrote several books and served as editor of the New York Age. ...

Brotherhood of sleeping car porters

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The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) organized railway porters (traditionally an occupation for African-Americans) to bargain with the Pullman Company which held a virtual monopoly on the nation's sleeping car facilities. The BSCP was founded in 1925 in New York City to counteract the poor wages, long hours, and other injustices practiced by the Pullman Car Company. A. Philip Randolph became president of the Brotherhood in 1928. In the mid-1930's the American Federation of...

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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Organizational History and List of Officers Organizational History 1909 Issued the “Call,” a statement calling for a conference to protest discrimination and violence against African Americans Convened the National Negro Conference on May 31 and June 1, New York, N.Y. E...

Baldwin, Roger N. (Roger Nash), 1884-1981

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Roger Nash Baldwin (January 21, 1884 – August 26, 1981) was one of the founders of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). He served as executive director of the ACLU until 1950. Many of the ACLU's original landmark cases took place under his direction, including the Scopes Trial, the Sacco and Vanzetti murder trial, and its challenge to the ban on James Joyce's Ulysses. Baldwin was a well-known pacifist and author. Baldwin was born in Wellesley, Massachusetts, the son of Lucy Cushing (...

Kirchwey, Freda, 1893-1976

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Mary Frederika "Freda" Kirchwey (September 26, 1893 – January 3, 1976) was an American journalist, editor, and publisher strongly committed throughout her career to liberal causes (anti-Fascist, pro-Soviet, anti-anti-communist). From 1933 to 1955, she was Editor of The Nation magazine. Mary Frederika "Freda" Kirchwey (September 26, 1893 – January 3, 1976) was an American journalist, editor, and publisher strongly committed throughout her career to liberal causes (anti-Fascist, pro-Soviet, anti-a...

American Fund for Public Service

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The American Fund for Public Service, also known as the Garland Fund, was created in 1922 by Charles Garland to support radical social and economic causes. The board of directors included prominent leaders of the labor movement, the Socialist and Communist parties, and civil rights and minority groups. From 1922 to 1941 the Fund gave nearly two million dollars to a variety of left-wing organizations and enterprises, such as labor unions, cooperatives, schools for workers, radical publications, b...

Manumit School (Pawling, N.Y.)

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Hillman, Sidney, 1887-1946

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Tom Darcy was born in Brokklyn, NY in 1932. He received his art education at the school of Visual Arts in New York. In 1958 he began his editorial cartooning with Newsday on Long Island. In 1970, Darcy was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for his incisive cartoons of the Vietnam War and racial discrimination. He won many awards in 1970's, some of these were: Best Cartoon on Foreign Affairs in 1970 & 1973, Meeman Conservation Award in 1972 & 1974 as well as the National Headliners' Club award i...

Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, 1890-1964

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Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was an agitator and organizer for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and a Communist Party (CP) official. Flynn was an organizer in major strikes in Lawrence, Massachusetts and Paterson and Passaic, New Jersey. She saw labor court trials as important extensions of organizing, and participated in trials in Missoula, Montana (1908), and Spokane, Washington (1909-1910). As part of her defense work she created the Workers’ Defense League, an organization to fight for th...

Vanguard Press.

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American book publisher. From the description of Dr. Seuss files, 1937-1985. (University of California, San Diego). WorldCat record id: 64589701 BIOGHIST REQUIRED Established with money out of the Garland Fund in 1926, the Vanguard Press under the editorial guidance of James Henle and Evelyn Shrifte established and maintained a reputation for publishing promising new fiction writers, as well as informed and challenging nonfiction. In the fall of 1988, Vanguard Press was sold...

Garland, Charles

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Nearing, Scott, 1883-1983

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Radical professor; socialist; pacifist during World War I era; author and lecturer; leader of "back-to-the-earth" movement. From the description of Papers, 1943-1988. (University of Toledo). WorldCat record id: 20061606 American sociologist. From the description of Letter [manuscript] : Toledo, Ohio, to Eckstein Case, Cleveland, Ohio, 1917 April 18. (University of Virginia). WorldCat record id: 647806119 Scott Nearing began his career as a t...

United mine workers of America

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Magnes, Judah Leon, 1877-1948

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American rabbi and communal leader. From the description of Papers, 1910-1918. (Brandeis University Library). WorldCat record id: 46611785 From the description of Correspondence and reports, 1909-1921 [microform]. (Brandeis University Library). WorldCat record id: 47747245 From the description of Correspondence and reports, 1912-1919 [microform]. (Brandeis University Library). WorldCat record id: 47734929 From the description of Correspondence and printed m...

Brookwood Labor College (Katonah, N.Y.)

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Thomas Norman Mattoon, 1884-1968

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Norman Mattoon Thomas (1884-1968), was a leading American socialist, pacifist, author, and six-time presidential candidate on the Socialist Party of America ticket, between 1928 and 1948. Born in Marion, Ohio, he was a graduate of Princeton University, attended Union Theological Seminary, where he became a socialist, and was ordained as a Presbyterian minister in 1911. Thomas opposed the United States' entry into the First World War, a position that earned him the disapproval of many in his soci...

Lovett, Robert Morss, 1870-1956

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Epithet: Editor `The Dial' British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000000297.0x000068 Lovett was the chairman of the Sacco-Vanzetti National League, New York, N.Y. From the description of Letter, 1927 Dec. 9, New York, N.Y. (Boston Athenaeum). WorldCat record id: 41876163 ...

American Civil Liberties Union

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Founded in 1920 in New York City by Roger Baldwin and others; the ACLU was an outgrowth of the American Union Against Militarism's National Civil Liberties Bureau, which in 1920 changed its name to the American Civil Liberties Union. From the description of Collection, 1917- (Swarthmore College, Peace Collection). WorldCat record id: 42740878 The Southern Women's Rights Project (SWRP) located in Richmond is affiliated with the American Civil Liberties Union. The project deal...

Mooney Molders Defense Committee

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Foster, William Z., 1881-1961

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Chairman, United States Communist Party. From the description of Papers, 1922-1961. (Washington State University). WorldCat record id: 29853708 ...

Commonwealth College (Mena, Ark.)

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Organized in 1923. Its aim was to provide training for young people to work in the labor movement. It was also an experiment in educational self-support, educational democracy, and cooperative living. It closed in 1940. From the description of Commonwealth College records, 1932. (Wayne State University, Archives of Labor & Urban). WorldCat record id: 32321528 ...

League for Industrial Democracy.

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The League for Industrial Democracy (LID) was founded in 1905 as the Intercollegiate Socialist Society by democratic socialist intellectuals to bring "education for the new social order" to the nation's campuses, but its name was changed in 1920 to broaden appeal and better reflect aims of social ownership and democratic control of industry. In 1922 Norman Thomas (1884-1968; later the Socialist Party's head and presidential candidate) joined Harry W. Laidler as Co-Director. LID campaigned throug...

American Birth Control League

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American Birth Control League (ABCL) was an organization founded in New York City in 1921 by birth control pioneer Margaret Sanger (1879-1966). It was a national voluntary organization to promote birth control via public education, legislative reform, medical contraceptive research, and provision of services. Affiliated units were: Birth Control Review, Clinical Research Bureau, American Birth Control League Congressional Committee, American Birth Control League Speaker's Bureau, American Birth ...

Southern tenant farmers' union

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The Southern Tenant Farmers' Union, organized at Poinsett County, Ark., in 1934, was especially active in Arkansas, Missouri, and Texas. The Union spread into the southeastern states and to California, affiliating off and on with larger national labor federations, and maintaining headquarters at Memphis, Tenn., or, from 1948 to 1960, at Washington, D.C. It has become successively the National Agricultural Workers Union and the Agricultural and Allied Workers Union. From the descripti...

Rand School of Social Science

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The Rand School of Social Science, a school for workers and socialists, was estalished in 1906 with funds from the will of Mrs. Carrie Rand under the leadership of George D. Herron. Until its closing in 1956, the Rand School offered a variety of courses on contemporary topics, traditional subjects and socialist theory taught by intellectual leaders of the socialist movement, distinguished academicians and trade union leaders. In a climate of anti-radical feeling after World War I, the Rand Schoo...

Scottsboro Defense Committee

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