André, John, 1751-1780

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British army officer.

From the description of The American times, a satire, in three parts : poem, undated. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 71070981

John André, a British army officer during the American Revolutionary war. In January 1777, he became captain of the 26th Regiment of Foot ; in early summer he became the aide-de-camp to Charles Gret, 1st Earl of Grey (1729-1807). and in 1778 was promoted to major. In 1779 André became adjutant general of the British Army and was put in charge of intellegince gathering. Captured by the Americans in September 1780, he was hanged as a spy on October 2, 1780.

From the description of Journal of John André, 1777, June -- 1778, November. (Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens). WorldCat record id: 616123138

Royal Army officer.

From the description of Duel between General Howe and General Gadsden : song, ca. 1851. (The South Carolina Historical Society). WorldCat record id: 37522739

John André (May 2, 1750-October 2, 1780) was born in London where he worked in his father's merchant business till 1770. In 1771 he bought a second lieutenant's commission in the 23d Regiment, Royal Welsh Fusiliers and later purchased a first lieutenancy in the same regiment. In 1775 he was sent to St. Johns on the Sorel River in Canada where the British were fortifying against an impending American attack. He was taken prisoner by the Americans in November 1775 and not released till November 1776 in a prisoner exchange. In 1777, André became an aide-de-camp to Major General Charles Grey, with whom he accompanied to battles of the Brandywine (September 11), Paoli (September 20-21), Germantown (October 4), and Whitemarsh (December 4). In 1778, he became an aid to General Clinton and was promoted to deputy adjutant general of the army in 1779. In this position, André managed correspondence between Clinton and secret agents in America and was involved with currying letters for Benedict Arnold. On Septembers 23, 1780, André was caught with an incriminating military letter from Arnold and was arrested, tried as a spy and was executed shortly after.

A few months before his death, André composed The Cow Chace, A Poem in Three Cantos, which satirized the Battle of Bull's Ferry, an unsuccessful attack by American generals Anthony Wayne, Henry Lee, and William Alexander, which won only cattle for the Americans. The poem was first published in the London Gazette.

From the guide to the John André The Cow Chace, André, John The Cow Chace, 1780-1881, (William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan)
Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Autograph letter signed : New York, to Col. Sheldon, 1780 Sept. 7. Pierpont Morgan Library.
referencedIn Thomas Addis Emmet collection, 1483-1876 (bulk:1700-1800) New York Public Library. Manuscripts and Archives Division
referencedIn Anna Seward Poems 1781-[1793] Seward, Anna Poems. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Freeman, Douglas Southall, 1886-1953,. Tallmadge-Norwood-Wilkins collection, 1769-1962 (bulk 1851-1934). James Monroe Museum & Memorial Library
creatorOf John André The Cow Chace 1780-1881 André, John The Cow Chace William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Todd, Charles Henry, 1838-1915. Charles Henry Todd : papers, 1848-1917. The Filson Historical Society
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Fort Lafayette and Verplank Point]. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Washington Irving's Life of George Washington Volume IX, Miscellany, 1766-1808 Cornell University Library
referencedIn Native American History collection 1689-1921 Native American History collection William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Map collection, 1776-1925. New York State Historical Documents Inventory
referencedIn Nathanael Greene papers 1762-1852 1780-1785 Greene, Nathanael, papers William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Paul Green Papers, 1880-1992 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library. Southern Historical Collection
referencedIn Hart, John, 1751-1836. Letter to Abraham Gould, 1780 Oct. 4. Massachusetts Historical Society
referencedIn Smithsonian Institution. Office of the Secretary. Correspondence, 1863-1879 Smithsonian Institution Archives
referencedIn Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804. Letters, 1780 ; 1791. Duke University Libraries, Duke University Library; Perkins Library
referencedIn Papers, 1765-1886 (inclusive), 1775-1806 (bulk). Houghton Library
creatorOf Sabin, Frank T. Autograph letters of Major André and his captors. Boston Athenaeum
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Position of the army near Iron Hill. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Carl Van Doren Papers, 1900-1950 Princeton University. Library. Dept. of Rare Books and Special CollectionsManuscripts Division
referencedIn Autograph File, A, 1518-2002. Houghton Library
referencedIn Henry Clinton papers, 1736-1850 William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Childs, George William, 1829-1894. George William Childs papers [manuscript], 1882-1892. University of Virginia. Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [West Point]. William L. Clements Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Progress of the army from their landing till taking possession of Philadelphia. William L. Clements Library
creatorOf William L. Clements Library. Native American History collection, 1689-1921. William L. Clements Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. The American times, a satire, in three parts : poem, undated. Library of Congress
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Letters : by and concerning John André, [18--] Houghton Library
referencedIn Flexner, James Thomas, 1908-2003. The traitor and the spy : Benedict Arnold and John André : typescript, 1953 / James Thomas Flexner. Churchill County Museum
referencedIn Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866. Collection of documents concerning the American Revolution, 1740-1866 Houghton Library
referencedIn Scrapbook collection, 1847-1978. New York State Historical Documents Inventory
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Journal of John André, 1777, June -- 1778, November. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Local history collection, 1780-1988, 1919-1988 (bulk) New York State Historical Documents Inventory
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Isle aux Noix]. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Everett, Eleazer, 1761-1828. Eleazer Everett orderly book, 1780. William L. Clements Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Part of the modern counties of Union, Middlesex, and Somerset, New Jersey and Staten Island, New York]. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn André - papers relating to the case of Major John André, 1780-1921. U.S. Army Heritage & Education Center
referencedIn Rockland County history collection, 1780-1988, 1908-1988 (bulk) New York State Historical Documents Inventory
referencedIn Adye, Stephen Payne, d. 1794. Correspondence, 1769-1783. American Philosophical Society Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Disposition of the British forces on Long Island, Staten Island, and Manhattan Island, under Cornwallis and Knyphausen]. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Tallmadge, Benjamin, 1754-1835. Benjamin Tallmadge collection, 1756-1846. Princeton University Library
referencedIn [Commonplace book], [1805 or later]. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn Gibbs, Caleb. Diary, 1780. Massachusetts Historical Society
referencedIn George Sackville Germain papers 1683-1785 Germain, George Sackville papers William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Hale, Nathan, 1755-1776. Collection, 1795-1915. Rosenbach Museum & Library
referencedIn W. B. O. Field portrait collection, ca. 1600-1900. Houghton Library
referencedIn United States. Continental Army. Von Steuben's Division. Orderly book, 1780. Churchill County Museum
referencedIn American historical documents : facsimiles, 1780-1865. Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn W. A. Graham research, circa 1778-1921, 1934 L. Tom Perry Special Collections
referencedIn Nelson, Thomas, fl. 1851-1853. Thomas Nelson letters from Oregon, 1851-1853. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn Sutherland, Andrew, Captain. Letter of Andrew Sutherland, 1780 September 22. Library of Congress
referencedIn Woolley, Eliza, fl. 1806. Eliza Woolley's book : manuscript, 1806 Dec. Houghton Library
referencedIn Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801. Benedict Arnold papers, 1780. Library of Congress
referencedIn Edwards Brothers, inc., Ann Arbor, Mich. Edwards American Revolution lithoprinted facsimiles, 1945. Wisconsin Historical Society, Newspaper Project
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. John André The Cow Chace, 1780-1881. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804. Letters, 1780; 1791. Duke University Libraries, Duke University Library; Perkins Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. ALS, 1776 June 1, Carlisle, to [General Philip Schuyler]. Copley Press, J S Copley Library
referencedIn Frost, Samuel, 1751-1817. Orderly books. United States Military Academy, USMA Library
creatorOf Henry Clinton papers, 1736-1850 William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Collection of the Andre family papers. Wichita State University, Ablah Library
creatorOf Document, 1778. New York State Historical Documents Inventory
referencedIn New York (State). Governor (1777-1795 : Clinton). Papers found on British spy Major Andre ("Andre Papers"), 1780. New York State Archives
referencedIn Cyrus W. Field papers, 1831-1905, 1880-1890 New York Public Library. Manuscripts and Archives Division
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Prologue on opening the [John Street] Theatre in New York on Jan. 9, 1779 : manuscript, undated. Pierpont Morgan Library.
referencedIn William B. Osgood Field collection of additional prints, ca. 1580-1917. Houghton Library
referencedIn Napier, Charles. Letter, 1858. Wisconsin Historical Society, Newspaper Project
referencedIn Portrait file: Guide. Houghton Library
referencedIn United States. Continental Army. New York Regiment, 2nd. Orderly books, 1779-1783. Churchill County Museum
referencedIn Poem entitled "The American Times-Part 1st" criticizing the new American government; attributed to Major John Andre. American Periodical Series I
referencedIn Field, Cyrus W. (Cyrus West), 1819-1892. Cyrus W. Field papers, 1831-1905, bulk (1880-1890). New York Public Library System, NYPL
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Proposed redoubt at Canoe Place]. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Washington Irving's Life of George Washington Volume X, miscellany, 1764-1805 Cornell University Library
referencedIn Washington Irving's Life of George Washington Volume VIII, miscellany, 1776-1816 Cornell University Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Progress of the British army from the landing in Elk River to the taking possession of Philadelphia anno 1777. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Woodbridge, Theodore, 1748-1810. Papers of Theodore Woodbridge, 1780-1813 (bulk 1780-1783). Library of Congress
referencedIn Peterson, Henry, 1818-1891. Miscellaneous manuscripts, 1876-1899, n.d. University of Pennsylvania Libraries, Van Pelt Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Bedford. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Stark, John, 1728-1822. Orderly book of John Stark, 1780, Sept. 17 - Nov. 19. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Papers of James Maury University of Virginia. Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Part of the modern counties of Union, Middlesex, and Somerset, New Jersey and Staten Island, New York]. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Arnold, Benedict, 1741-1801. Papers, 1765-1886 (inclusive), 1775-1806 (bulk). Houghton Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Plan of the British attack on Mud Island, Pennsylvania]. William L. Clements Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Progress of the British army from Elk River to Philadelphia, 1777]. William L. Clements Library
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Duel between General Howe and General Gadsden : song, ca. 1851. South Carolina Historical Society
referencedIn Russell, Jonathan, 1771-1832. Letter, 1815 February 14. American Periodical Series I
referencedIn Andreana. Society of the Cincinnati Library
referencedIn Benson J. Lossing collection 1850-1904 1850-1891 Lossing, Benson J. collection William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Mooers, Benjamin, 1758-1838. Papers of Benjamin Mooers, 1780. Library of Congress
referencedIn Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827. Papers of St. George Tucker, 1780-1801. University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Seward, Anna, 1742-1809. Monody on Major Andre [manuscript], after 1781 / by Miss Seward. Folger Shakespeare Library
referencedIn Nelson, Thomas, fl. 1851-1853. Thomas Nelson letters from Oregon, 1851-1853. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn United States. Continental Army. U.S. Continental Army orderly book, 1780. Library of Congress
referencedIn John Vaughan papers 1779-1781, 1784, 1789 Vaughan, John papers William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Graham, W. A. (William Alexander), 1875-1954,. W. A. Graham research. Harold B. Lee Library
referencedIn Eggleston, Joseph, 1754-1811. Autograph letter signed : Hackinsack, 1780 Sept. 28. Pierpont Morgan Library.
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. Fort DuQuesne. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Scrapbooks, 1690-1925. New York State Historical Documents Inventory
referencedIn Warren, Elijah, fl. 1780. Letters. United States Military Academy, USMA Library
referencedIn Freneau, Philip Morin, 1752-1832. Papers of Philip Morin Freneau [manuscript], 1778-1799. University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Russell, Peter, 1733-1808. ALS : New York, N.Y., to Gen. Sir John Vaughan, 1780 Oct. 25. Rosenbach Museum & Library
referencedIn Gibbs, Caleb, 1755-1818. Journal of Caleb Gibbs, 1780-1782. Library of Congress
referencedIn Eleazer Everett orderly book 1780 Everett, Eleazer orderly book William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Badeau, Adam. Tucker-Ewell papers, 1770-1893, 1770-1818. Library of Virginia
creatorOf André, John, 1751-1780. [Fort Lee]. William L. Clements Library
referencedIn Cope, Thomas P. (Thomas Pim), 1768-1854. Diaries, 1800-1851 [microfilm and photoprints]. Hagley Museum & Library
referencedIn Seymour, George Dudley, 1859-1945. George Dudley Seymour collection, 1896-1930. Connecticut Historical Society
referencedIn Major André : poem, [n.d.]. Brown University Archives, John Hay Library
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associatedWith Clinton, Henry, Sir, 1738?-1795. person
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associatedWith Washington, George, 1732-1799, person
associatedWith Wayne, Anthony, 1745-1796. person
associatedWith William L. Clements Library. corporateBody
associatedWith Woodbridge, Theodore, 1748-1810. person
associatedWith Woolley, Eliza, fl. 1806. person
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Birth 1751-05-02

Death 1780-10-02

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