The collection is composed of incoming and outgoing documents from the Office of the Director during the directorship of Edward C. Stone. The collection is arranged into 10 series: Chronological Files, NASA Files, Caltech Files, Office of the Director Memoranda, Meetings and Speeches, Travel Files, Alphabetical Subject Files, Directors Reviews, Communications Control Records, and Directors Special Account Files. The bulk of the collection is from 1991 to 2000. Chronological Files (boxes 1-8; folders 1-110). This series is composed of outgoing chronological files of correspondence from Stone. The files include letters, interoffice memoranda, proposals and policy statements. Very often only a cover sheet of a proposal, with Stone's signature, could be found in the series. Each month includes an index. The files are from October 1990 to December 2000, with the exception of 1993. The Stone 1993 Chronological Files and the 1993 NASA Files were originally located as part of a records shipment (L-12999) that was permanently withdrawn by the Office of the Director at some time, and was not part of the Archives Accession 2002-23. Included among the correspondence in the series are letters sent to members of the Caltech Trustees Committee on JPL regarding meeting notices. Prominent members of the Committee included Admiral Bobby Ray Inman, Mary Scranton, and Shirley Hufstedler. Other routine documents in the series are recommendations for members to sit on the Advisory Committee for Women (ACW). There are also standard letters to NASA officials the week before launches of flight projects, stating that JPL had successfully completed all of the requisite activities including the Mission Readiness Review for assessing the readiness of the project. Present in the series are mission readiness reviews signed and sent to NASA Associate Administrator for Space Science, Ed Weiler. The adoption of the new managerial style of Total Quality Management (TQM) by JPL is documented in the series. A February 10, 1992 memo from Stone to all employees formally introduced TQM to the lab, beginning with hiring consultants from Organizational Dynamics, Inc. to conduct interviews, focus groups and survey lab personnel. An April 9, 1992 memo to all employees summarized the findings of the survey of 1000 randomly selected employees regarding TQM. Documented in the series are several letters aimed at lobbying various members of Congress to support JPL. There are several letters from 1991 and 1992 to Senator Barbara A. Mikulski. Mikulski's relations with Stone's predecessor, Lew Allen, were not on the best terms, and she was regarded as being a key member of Congress. The July 1999 Chron. File were dominated by letters written to people in California's Congressional Delegation and staff, inviting them to visit JPL while Congress wasn't in session during the Summer of 1999. Also documented in the series are memos that reflect changes in Laboratory personnel, organization and policy. A June 14, 1994 letter from Stone to all personnel informing them that after reviewing the analysis of JPL salary levels, that it was in the Laboratory's best long term interest to forego the regular merit increases in fiscal year 1995. An August 10, 1995 memoranda to all employees announced that William H. Harrison was joining JPL in the new post of Controller. A September 1, 1999 memo announced the appointment of Fred C. McNutt as Chief Financial Officer. A March 4, 1996 memorandum to all employees announced changes in the Human Resources Organization. The HR organization, currently a division in the Business Operations Directorate (610), became a directorate-level organization (190), effective March 25, 1996. The Director of Human Resources became a member of the Executive Council, and report directly to Deputy Director Larry Dumas. Susan D. Henry was appointed Director for Human Resources in the memo. Another organizational change was noted in a separate memo, also dated March 4, 1996, announced the formation of the Mars Exploration Directorate , with Norm Haynes appointed as Director for Mars Exploration. The Mars Exploration Program Office (150) was renumbered as 400, with the sections within the former 410 making the various divisions within the 400 Directorate. This arrangement proved ephemeral, as by 2000, the Mars Program Office continued within the 150 division. Also in the series is a May 13, 1994 letter to Hans Mark. Mark had written Stone the previous month, and attached a previous letter that Mark had written on August 24, 1992. The August 1992 letter is illuminating in that Mark gave advice on what NASA should do regarding strategic policy. Mark noted to Stone that NASA had since implemented much of what he privately recommended. In the same August 1992 letter, Mark also recommended that Stone anticipate a change in the presidential administration, and to ask key administrative staff who were prominent in the Clinton campaign to help out, such as Warren Christopher and Mickey Kantor. Christopher became President Clinton's Secretary of State, and Kantor was one of President Clinton's economic advisors. Also documented are the numerous flight projects that JPL was involved in. Present in the collection are January 22 and 31, 1997 letters to various people inviting them to the Lab on January 29 and February 5, 1997 to view the completed Cassini spacecraft in the Laboratory's Space Simulator test facility. Cassini was launched from Kennedy Space Center on October 13, 1997. The various milestones of Cassini were noted in Office of the Director memoranda sent to all personnel. One example is the memo dated April 24, 1998 regarding the Cassini Venus-1 Flyby, which took place on April 26, 1998. An October 21, 1999 memo to all employees and contractor personnel announced that week the members of the NASA independent review board convened at the Lab to learn about the loss of the Mars Climate Orbiter. The group heard from members of the Mars team and from JPL's internal review team, headed by John Casani. Stone also noted that the lesson to be learned from the loss of the Climate Orbiter concerned the lapses and gaps in their collective actions and processes. NASA Files (boxes 9-30; folders 111-307). This series documents interactions between JPL and various NASA Headquarters departments and NASA Centers. They are organized in the original filing scheme that was used under the directorship of Lew Allen, and through the early Stone years. The 1993 NASA Files were located in a box that was permanently withdrawn. The NASA Files are filed according to the internal NASA Code letter. NASA underwent a change in leadership during the first two years of Stone's directorship. Present in the series is a copy of a February 10, 1992 letter from Admiral Richard Truly to the President of the United States, announcing Truly's resignation as NASA Administrator. Since NASA was without a Deputy Administrator, Truly agreed to stay on until April 1, 1992. Included is a copy of the response dated February 12, 1992, from President George Bush. In early March 1992, the President announced that Daniel S. Goldin, Vice President and General Manager of the TRW Space & Technology Group would become the new NASA Administrator. Truly asked the officials in charge of the NASA Headquarters offices, and the Center Directors for briefing materials for Goldin, as well as one page to acquaint him with the office's operations, issues, problems, etc. A copy of the JPL response, dated March 24, 1992, is in the NASA Administrator file. Goldin proceeded to put his own personal stamp on the agency. A May 18, 1992 fax from Goldin to all personnel after the return of the Space Shuttle Endeavour, titled "The New NASA-Faster, Better, Cheaper, Without Compromising Safety." This would prove to be his motto for the time he was NASA Administrator. A June 4, 1992 letter from Goldin to Center Directors regarding the phasing out of the NASA Logotype Insignia (the "worm" logo) and the use of the NASA Insignia (the "meatball" logo). Attached was a May 22, 1992 memorandum announcing the change in the NASA Insignia. The materials for the Acting Deputy Administrator in 1998 include new NASA Procedures and Guidelines that were introduced in a September 17, 1998 letter from the Acting Deputy Administrator to Enterprise Associate Administrators. Two-hour town hall meetings were conducted to familiarize employees with the new NASA Program/Project Management Process. The packet included a good chart of the major drivers for NASA through the 1990s. (10.AD 1998 file). Among the items in the Office of Legislative Affairs (Code L) is an October 16, 1998 memorandum that summarized a House Science Committee meeting on October 7, 1998, with the discussion of a proposed bail-out for Russia, and the U.S./Russia partnership with the International Space Station (ISS). Dan Goldin was one of the witnesses called to speak. There are a number of hearings before the House Science Committee regarding the ISS. There are numerous documents from the NASA Office of Space Science (Code S). A March 19, 1992 letter from Associate Administrator of Space Science Lennard Fisk announced that the Mars Environmental Survey (MESUR) Pathfinder mission would be included in the Discovery program of missions in NASA, along with the Near-Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) mission. Phase A studies of NEAR were awarded to the Applied Physics Laboratory at Johns Hopkins University. A March 18, 1999 letter from Associate Administrator Ed Weiler to Distribution addressed the failure of the Wide-Field Infrared Experiment (WIRE). WIRE was launched by a Pegasus rocket on March 4, 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force base. Upon reaching orbit, the spacecraft began tumbling out of control. During the efforts of the ground controllers at Goddard Space Flight Center to regain control of the spacecraft, the solid hydrogen coolant was prematurely depleted. The memo established the NASA WIRE Spacecraft Failure Mishap Investigation Board. A March 19, 1999 letter from Ed Weiler to Stone directing Stone to suspend all procurement activity for Space Technology (ST)-4/Champollion, and formulate a plan for revising the ST-4/Champollion Project under a new set of constraints. This letter was followed up by an April 23, 1999 letter from Weiler, who congratulated the ST-4/Champollion team for exceeding the requirements of the previous letter. The project was cancelled shortly thereafter. Included in the strategic planning documents is documentation on the Augustine Panel, which was slightly before Stone became JPL Director. Chairman and CEO of Martin Marietta Corporation Norman R. Augustine was Chairman of the Advisory Committee on the Future of the U.S. Space Program. The final report of the committee, dated December 10, 1990, addressed the various concerns of the civil space program, and of NASA. Also recommended were redefining space goals, which included giving high priority to a science program, a Mission to Planet Earth, a Mars Exploration Program, starting with robot explorers, and in the far-term, human explorers. It was also recommended, among other things, that the Space Station Freedom be redesigned to lessen complexity and reduce cost. Caltech Files (boxes 31-37; folders 308-367). This series documents interactions between the campus of the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and JPL. The series as a whole is dominated by the Caltech Trustees Committee on JPL. The Caltech Trustees Committee on JPL material include meeting minutes, agendas, presentation materials, and miscellaneous correspondence. Additionally, every year the Committee met in Washington D.C. to discuss and review JPL and Caltech activities and to discuss matters of interest with officials of the Government. Also included in the Caltech materials are a few folders regarding the "Vogt Report" of 1976. Included are both parts of the published report. Also two folders on "Campus-Lab Relationships" dated 1976 to 1979. These have been retained in the collection to maintain original order. Office of the Director Interoffice Memoranda (box 38; folders 362-365). These were issued to all personnel, and usually reflected major personnel changes, policy changes, or general information such as charity campaigns. They were issued on tan paper. A listing of the memoranda is included before each years memoranda. They are in the collection for the years 1986-1991. The memoranda were collected primarily by Helen Benedict or Lorraine Brakebill, Administrative Assistants to Lew Allen and Ed Stone. Copies of the memoranda after 1991 are located in the Director's Chron. Files. Meetings and Speeches (boxes 39-72; folders 366-885). Stone's meetings and speeches were often chronologically interfiled, and this original order was maintained. Very often Stone spoke with no written text. This is noted in the collection with a piece of paper written "No Prepared Text." Stone's speech files include several State of the Lab talks. Stone's August 27, 1993 talk with the Mars Observer Team in the von Kármán Auditorium is present in the collection. All contact had been lost with the Mars Observer spacecraft just prior to Mars Orbit Insertion on August 21, 1993. It was the first total loss of a spacecraft in 22 years, since Mariner 8 in 1971. Stone also made several "Town Hall" talks, in which he answered questions from Laboratory personnel. On June 14, 1994, Stone announced a "Zero Raise Policy" for the Lab, the regular merit increases would be eliminated in fiscal year 1995. He also invited questions and comments from Lab personnel. This understandably led to a number of letters written to the Director's Office. The questions were filed in Stone's Speech file, perhaps as reference for future Lab speeches, so it has been retained in the same place in the collection. A February 2, 1995 video address to the JPL Community is in the series. Stone, Deputy Director Larry Dumas and Associate Director Kirk Dawson described an impending Laboratory reorganization. All business operations were placed under the Associate Director. The position of Controller was established. Assistant Laboratory Director's were replaced with Directorates. Several of Stone's talks were reprinted in science magazines and journals. One of these is the Third Annual Carl Sagan Memorial Lecture, November 16, 1999. Included in the materials are documents involved in the clearance of the article, and the editing process. Travel Files (boxes 73-85; folders 885-1250). This series consists primarily of routine documents associated with travel, Travel Authorization forms and Travel Reports. They document that Dr. Stone was on the road for a substantial amount of time. There are several folders that contain extra information above and beyond the standard forms. Alphabetical Subject Files (boxes 86-96; folders 1251-1359). These files are grouped by common subject, and reflect the original filing order. Additionally, some entries were added for subjects that could not easily fit into any other category. Included in this series are correspondence and meeting files for documentary television series that Stone was involved in as an advisor. "The Astronomers" was a six-part PBS series produced by KCET- Los Angeles. Executive Producer was Blaine Baggett, KCET Director of National Public Affairs, later JPL Manager of the Office of Education and Public Affairs. The series premiered April 15, 1991. Stone participated in Episode 6, "Prospecting for Planets", and acted as chief series advisor for the entire series. Stone also served on the advisory committee of the PBS series "Space Age," produced by WQED- Pittsburgh, in association with the National Academy of Sciences. The series was broadcast in 1992. Stone served as Committee Vice Chairman. Committee Chairman was Sally K. Ride. In 1991, Stone was also asked to be a consultant on a series of three one-hour episodes called "The Realm of the Sun", presented by Timothy Ferris. Documents regarding the Discovery missions are in the collection. The Discovery missions were a class of exploratory missions. Included are materials and proposals on a Pluto/Charon Flyby mission, Hermes Global Orbiter to Mercury, and the Mars Pathfinder mission. A September 21, 1992 memorandum from Charles Elachi to the Executive Council revealed that there were 28 Discovery proposals that JPL had a role in. Also in the series is correspondence regarding the Northridge Earthquake. On January 17, 1994, the Los Angeles area was struck by the Northridge Earthquake. JPL's handling of the situation rankled many employees. JPL's Human Resources Division had originally told employees that the Lab was open, and to use sick time, vacation time, or leave without pay, unless there was a road closure that prevented an employee from getting to work. There were several letters from irate employees who gave their opinion on the matter. A January 21, 1994 memorandum from Stone announced that they were exploring the possibility of charging to a special account the lost work time for employees unable to get to the Lab on January 17-18 because of the earthquake. There are a number of folders in the collection devoted to Mars exploration. The Final Report of the JPL Mars Observer Special Review Board, chaired by R. Rhodes Stephenson, gave its report on November 2, 1993. Included in the collection is the Viewgraph package that was presented at the meeting. The loss of the Mars Observer was important in the planning for subsequent Mars missions. The Mars Recovery Study Team had as an objective to recover a significant part of Mars Observer's objectives and go back to Mars in 1994. Chair of the Study Team was Charles Elachi. Other prominent members of the team included Lew Allen, John Casani, Gene Giberson, Ray Heacock, Bruce Murray, Donna Pivirotto, Carolyn Porco and Carl Sagan, among others. An undated draft of the presentation to NASA HQ is in the collection, as is the final report, dated September 15, 1993. Dr. Stone was a member of the California Council on Science and Technology, a business-education group created in 1988 by the California State Legislature to revitalize California's economy. Project California was a panel of twenty-four business, education, labor and government leaders appointed to establish California as a world leader in advanced transportation and telecommunication systems by the year 2000. This included thinking about high-speed trains to connect cities, "smart" freeways using electronics and communications to move more traffic on congested roadways, technology for clean electric vehicles, and fiber-optic communication "highways" to connect computers. The group was co-chaired by chairman emeritus of Lockheed Roy Anderson, and chairman emeritus of Hughes Aircraft Malcolm Currie. Stone was a member of the group. Directors Reviews (boxes 97-99, folders 1360-1391). This series documents periodic reviews by the Director of selected projects and organizations, for 1998, as well as Institutional Forum Meetings and Governing Program Management Committee (GPMC) Committee meetings for 1999, which served a similar purpose. Directors Special Account Files (boxes 100-106, folders 1392-1467). This series documents costs incurred by the Director's Office, primarily but not limited to entertaining visitors and other important guests. The series is chronological from 1993 to 1999. Communications Control Records (boxes 107-109, folders 1468-1497). Communications Control Records were a way of tracking incoming correspondence. The standard form included who the message was from, date, description of correspondence, any action requested, and who the action was assigned to, along with remarks and additional comments. The form often had the original correspondence attached to it. JPL Discreet materials (Boxes 110-111). Of the above materials, 27 folders have documents stamped or marked "JPL Discreet," "Executive Council Discreet," or "SEB Discreet." These have been moved to two boxes at the end of the collection. Their original positions have been marked with separation sheets. Whole files that are discreet are noted in the file folder list.
