Papers, [ca. 1781-ca. 1877].

Lyell, Charles, Sir, 1797-1875

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Sir Charles Lyell, first baronet, (1797-1875, APS, 1842) was a geologist and lawyer, whose Principles of Geology explained “former changes of the earth’s surface” by means of “modern causes.” Critical of the “catastrophist” views of many contemporary geologists, Lyell considered the earth “a system of balanced antagonistic processes,” a theory later described as uniformitarian. Although he rejected Jean Baptiste Lamarck’s theory of species mutability early in his career, later he favorabl...

Somerville, Mary, 1780-1872

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Mary Somerville (born Mary Fairfax) was born to William George and Margaret Fairfax on December 26, 1780 in Jedburgh, Roxburghshire, Scotland. Mary became interested in mathematics while a teenager. She married Samuel Greig in 1804. Greig was a naval officer and died after 3 years of marriage. Mary then married William Somerville in 1812, who was an inspector of hospitals. Mary Somerville's first major work was a translation of the mathematician Laplace's book Mécanique Céleste. In the t...

Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834

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Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette was born at Chavaniac, Auvergne, in 1757, to an old, illustrious family of the provincial and military nobility. He lost both his parents early: his father was killed by the British at the Battle of Minden when Lafayette was two years old (1759), and when he was thirteen and attending the prestigious Collège de Plessis in Paris both his mother and grandfather died (1770). The latter's death left Lafayette with a si...

Greig, Woronzow.

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Patterson, Elizabeth Chambers

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Somerville, Martha Charters, 1813-1879

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Smyth, W. H. (William Henry), 1788-1865

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Epithet: Captain RN British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000001304.0x0000dd Epithet: Admiral; PRS British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue : Person : Description : ark:/81055/vdc_100000001304.0x0000d8 William Henry Smyth was a British admiral and scientific writer. From the description of Correspondence, 1820-1864. (American Philosophical Society Library). WorldCat record id: ...

Somerville, William, 1771-1860

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Lubbock, J. W. (John William), 1803-1865

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English cleric William Buckland worked as a geologist and vertebrate paleontologist. The first Reader of Geology, University of Oxford (from 1819), Buckland is most noted as the scientific discoverer of dinosaurs. From the guide to the William Buckland papers, 1817-1848, 1817-1848, (American Philosophical Society) ...

Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871

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Charles Babbage was a British mathematician and inventor. He helped found the Analytical Society, The Royal Astronomical Society, and the Statistical Society, and was a member of the Royal Academy. He invented several mechanical calculating machines, and designed an analytical engine that anticipated the digital computer. He also helped establish the modern English postal system, compiled the first reliable actuarial tables, and invented the locomotive cowcatcher. From th...

Hershel, John F. W. (John Frederick William), Sir, 1792-1871.

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