United States. War Relocation Authority

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From 1942 to 1946, Edward H. Spicer, Anthropology professor at the University of Arizona, was Head of the Community Analysis Section of the War Relocation Authority, in Washington, D.C.

From the description of United States War Relocation Authority collection, 1942-1947. (University of Arizona). WorldCat record id: 29305373

Biography / Administrative History

On February 19, 1942 President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 providing broad powers for the War Department to create exclusion zones and to initiate an evacuation program for the Western Defense Command (WDC). Under the leadership of General John Dewitt of the WDC, the Civil Affairs Division (CAD) and the Wartime Civil Control Administration (WCCA) were created in order to provide for the transition of voluntary evacuees, enemy aliens and United States citizens alike, from exclusion areas to other parts of the country. The failure of the voluntary evacuation plan led President Roosevelt to issue Executive Order 9102, which established the civilian run War Relocation Authority (WRA). The WRA was mandated to institute enforced evacuations. Due to the recalcitrance of states on the interior of the country to accept the Japanese evacuees or to provide for their safety, the WRA also constructed internment centers in order to house the evacuees. Between 1942-1945 the WRA, the WCCA, the CAD and the Office of the Commanding General of the Western Defense Command segregated and housed approximately 110,000 Japanese-American men, women and children.

Though the initial exclusion plan put forth by General Dewitt included both German and Italian citizens, the Japanese Americans bore the brunt of Executive Order 9066.

From the guide to the Flaherty Collection: Japanese Internment Records, 1921-1966, bulk 1942, (San José State University Library, Special Collections & Archives)
Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Japanese American relocation collection, 1941-1947, 1941-1947 (bulk 1942-1944) Mary Norton Clapp Library
creatorOf United States. War Relocation Authority. United States War Relocation Authority collection, 1942-1947. University of Arizona Libraries
referencedIn War Relocation Authority collection, 1942-1949. California State University, Northridge
creatorOf United States. War Relocation Authority. War Relocation Authority miscellaneous issuances, 1942-1946. Stanford University, Hoover Institution Library
creatorOf Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Records UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Amy Kasai pictorial works depicting life in Japanese American internment camps. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf United States. War Relocation Authority miscellaneous issuances, 1942-1946 Hoover Institution Archives
referencedIn Mary Norton Clapp Library. The Japanese American Relocation Collection, 1941-1947. Occidental College Library, Mary Norton Clapp Library
referencedIn Emery E. Andrews Papers, 1925-1969, 1942-1947 University of Washington Libraries Special Collections
referencedIn Gerda Isenberg papers, 1931-1990. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Chica Sugino Papers, 1910s-1980s, (bulk 1940s) Japanese American National Museum (Los Angeles, Calif.)
referencedIn Patterson, Henry C., 1889-1972. Papers, 1929-1972. Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies Library
referencedIn FRANCES & MARY MONTGOMERY COLLECTION Arizona Historical Society
referencedIn Japanese-American relocation World War II; papers, 1941-1945. University of Utah, J. Willard Marriott Library
referencedIn Records of the American Friends Service Committee, Midwest Branch, Advisory Committee for Evacuees, 1942-1963, 1942-1945 University of Washington Libraries Special Collections
referencedIn Kaoru Ichihara Papers, 1942-1945 University of Washington Libraries Special Collections
referencedIn McFarling (J. Ralph) Collection, 1943-2007, 1943-1946 California State University, Dominguez Hills Archives and Special Collections
creatorOf Ray B. Haight Papers, 1911-1967 MSU-Bozeman Library, Merrill G Burlingame Special Collections
referencedIn Sitlington, Joe, 1916-1982. Joe Sitlington letter, 1945 Dec. 7. Arkansas History Commission, Department of Archives and History
referencedIn Small California Collections, University of the Pacific, William Knox Holt Memorial Library
referencedIn Harry R. Hatate Papers, 1943-1952, 1943-1944 University of Washington Libraries Special Collections
referencedIn Emory Fast letters to his wife Ethel Barker Fast, 1944-1945 Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn Harry Y. Ueno Papers, 1937-1986, bulk 1937-1950 University of California, Los Angeles. Library Special Collections.
referencedIn Johnson, Herbert B. (Herbert Buell), b. 1858. Japanese-Americans in World War II collection, 1920-1995. California State University, Fresno, Henry Madden Library
referencedIn Ruth Eleanor McKee Papers, 1905-1972 University of California, Los Angeles. Library Special Collections.
referencedIn American Friends Service Committee. Midwest Branch. Advisory Committee for Evacuees. American Friends Service Committee, Midwest Branch, Advisory Committee for Evacuees records, 1942-1963 (bulk 1942-1945). University of Washington. Libraries
referencedIn Chan, Jang See. Asian American oral history composite : San Francisco : oral history transcripts / of tape-recorded interviews conducted in 1976 for the Combined Asian American Resources Project, 1976-1977. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Taylor, Sandra C. The Sandra C. Taylor papers. 1942-1999. University of Utah, J. Willard Marriott Library
referencedIn Townsend, George L. Service with the War Relocation Authority, 1942-1946 [manuscript] / George L. Townsend, 1983. Haverford College Library
creatorOf Okada, Koichiro. Japanese American internment camps research material, 1941-1999. Museum of New Mexico Library
referencedIn Heart Mountain Relocation Center records, 1943-1945. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Marks, Edward B. Edward B. Marks papers, 1932-2005. Stanford University, Hoover Institution Library
creatorOf McWilliams, Carey, 1905-1980,. War Relocation Authority records, 1919-1994 (bulk 1942-1946). The Claremont Colleges, Claremont University Consortium
referencedIn World War II Japanese-American Relations Papers, 1941-1945. Landmarks of Science Microform Service
referencedIn William C. Carr Papers, 1941-1962 University of California, Los Angeles. Library Special Collections.
referencedIn Japanese American Research Project (University of California, Los Angeles). Collection of material about Japanese in the United States, 1893-1977. University of California, Los Angeles
referencedIn Smith, Frank Heron, 1879-1965. Smith Family Papers on World War II, 1936-2005 (bulk 1942-1946). California Polytechnic State University, Robert E. Kennedy Library, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo
referencedIn Pursinger, Marvin Gavin, 1923-. Marvin Gavin Pursinger collection on Japanese American relocation, circa 1942-1946. Oregon Historical Society Research Library
referencedIn John A. Nelson papers Univerisity of Wyoming. American Heritage Center.
referencedIn Gillett, Clarence. Papers, 1942-1948. University of California, Los Angeles
referencedIn Bartlett, Agnes Vernon, 1911-. Papers, 1864-1984. Dartmouth College Library
referencedIn Ami Inuzuka Correspondence Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Japanese American Internment Camps Research Material, 1941-1999 Fray Angélico Chávez History Library, New Mexico History Museum.
referencedIn Japanese American Research Project (Yuji Ichioka) collection of material about Japanese in the United States, 1893-1973 University of California, Los Angeles. Library Special Collections.
creatorOf Pacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play. Pacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play records, 1940-1951. California Digital Library
referencedIn Ueno, Harry Y. (Harry Yoshio), 1907- . Papers, 1912-1997 Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
creatorOf United States. War Relocation Authority. United States War Relocation Authority reports, 1942-1945. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn Goodman, Joseph R. Joseph R. Goodman papers on Japanese American internment, 1941-1945. California historical society
creatorOf Mountin, William J. William J. Mountin material relating to Japanese-American evacuation, 1942-1945. California historical society
referencedIn Jacoby, Harold S. Jacoby Nisei papers, 1942-1946. University of the Pacific, William Knox Holt Memorial Library
creatorOf United States War Relocation Authority. United States War Relocation Authority. Poston, Arizona Relocation Center collection, 1942-1945 (inclusive). Yale University Library
creatorOf United States. War Relocation Authority. Japanese Americans / [U.S. War Relocation Authority]. The Claremont Colleges, Claremont University Consortium
referencedIn Myer, Dillon S. (Dillon Seymour), 1891-. Papers, 1934-1966. Harry S. Truman Library
referencedIn Myer, Dillon S. (Dillon Seymour), 1891-. Uprooted Americans: The Japanese Americans and WRA During World War II : typescript (carbon), [1966?]. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Minidoka Relocation Camp Photograph Collection, 1942-1943 University of Washington Libraries Special Collections
referencedIn Willard E. Schmidt Papers, 1942-1945, 1944 San José State University. Library
referencedIn Japanese American archival collection ImageBase, ca. 1880-2003, (bulk ca. 1910-1955) Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives. California State University, Sacramento.
referencedIn Papers, 1940-1964. Agudath Israel of America. Orthodox Jewish Archives
creatorOf United States War Relocation Authority. Poston, Arizona Relocation Center collection, 1942-1945 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
creatorOf Selected materials relating to the Heart Mountain Relocation Center : record group 210, records of the War Relocation Authority / National Archives, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration. University of Wyoming, William R. Coe Library
referencedIn Japanese American relocation centers records, 1935-1953 Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.
referencedIn Carr, William C. Papers, 1941-1962. University of California, Los Angeles
creatorOf Flaherty Collection: Japanese Internment Records, 1921-1966, bulk 1942 San José State University. Library. Special Collections & Archives
creatorOf Leighton, Alexander H. (Alexander Hamilton), 1908-. Japanese-American evacuation and resettlement records [microform], 1930-1974 (bulk 1942-1946) UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Embree, John F. (John Fee), 1908-1950. Topaz internment camp documents, 1942-1943. Utah State University, Merrill-Cazier Library
referencedIn E. Adamson Hoebel Papers, 1925-1993 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Willoughby, George, pacifist. George Willoughby and Lillian Willoughby papers, 1931-2010. Swarthmore College, Peace Collection, SCPC
creatorOf Pacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play. [Miscellaneous Japanese American evacuation information]. California State University East Bay, Hayward Campus Library
referencedIn Heart Mountain War Relocation Center (Wyo.) Collection, 1942-1945 Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library Archives and Special Collections
referencedIn Head, Wade. Wade Head collection, 1942-1944. Arizona State University Libraries
referencedIn Cook, Guy W. Guy Cook Nisei collection, 1942-1946. University of the Pacific, William Knox Holt Memorial Library
referencedIn Tanbara, Ruth Nomura, 1907-2008. Ruth Tanbara papers, 1924-2008. Minnesota Historical Society, Division of Archives and Manuscripts
referencedIn Committee on Resettlement of Japanese Americans. Minneapolis Chapter. Chapter records, 1942-1944. Minnesota Historical Society Library
referencedIn Historical Photographs of Four Ethnicities on California's Central Coast, Late 1800s-1970s Black Gold Cooperative Library System
creatorOf Dorothea Lange papers relating to the Japanese-American relocation, 1942-1974 (bulk 1942-1945). UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn McCool, Evelyn Whitehead. Evelyn Whitehead McCool papers, 1942. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Swenson, L. K., Captain. Records concerning Alaska from the National Archives, 1912-1945. Alaska State Library
referencedIn Joseph R. Goodman papers on Japanese American internment, 1941-1945 California historical society
referencedIn Gila River Relocation Center records, 1942-1945. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Fast, Emory. Emory Fast letters to his wife Ethel Barker Fast, 1944-1945. Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
creatorOf United States. War Relocation Authority. Materials relating to Topaz Relocation Center, 1942-1945. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn McKee, Ruth Eleanor, 1903-. Papers, 1905-1972. University of California, Los Angeles
referencedIn Hoebel, E. Adamson (Edward Adamson), 1906-. Papers, 1925-1993. American Philosophical Society Library
referencedIn St. Paul Resettlement Committee (Saint Paul, Minn.). Committee records, 1942-1953. Minnesota Historical Society Library
referencedIn Murakami, Miriko Nagahama, 1922-. Manzanar Collection, 1942-1994. California Polytechnic State University, Robert E. Kennedy Library, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo
referencedIn Kojima, Takasumi. Compilation of information and maps concerning the location of War Relocation Authority centers in the United States, 1993. UC Berkeley Libraries
creatorOf Minidoka Relocation Center. Records, 1942-1945. University of Idaho Library
referencedIn Swetman, Ralph Waldo. Papers of the college presidents : Ralph Waldo Swetman. 1930-1946. SUNY Oswego, Penfield Library
referencedIn Caldwell, Arthur Brann, 1906-1987. Arthur Brann Caldwell papers, 1912-1975 University of Arkansas - Fayetteville, University Libraries
referencedIn United States. Wartime Civil Control Administration. Records, 1940-1942 (bulk 1942). University of Arizona Libraries
referencedIn United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Files concerning the War Relocation Authority, 1942-1946. UC Berkeley Libraries
referencedIn Colorado River Relocation Center, Arizona. Collection of materials related to the Colorado River Relocation Center at Poston, Arizona, 1942-1945. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Flaherty, John Melvin, Jr. Flaherty Collection of Japanese internment records 1921-1966 (bulk 1942). San Jose State University
creatorOf United States. War Relocation Authority. United States War Relocation Authority reports, 1942-1945. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn Edward B. Marks papers, 1932-2005 Hoover Institution Archives
Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Mildred Garrison interview Auraria Library

Filters:

Connection Graph Radial Graph
Relation Name
associatedWith American Friends Service Committee. Midwest Branch. Advisory Committee for Evacuees. corporateBody
associatedWith Andrews, Emery E., 1894-1976. person
associatedWith Bartlett, Agnes Vernon, 1911- person
associatedWith Caldwell, Arthur Brann, 1906-1987. person
associatedWith Carr, William C. person
associatedWith Carr, William C. person
associatedWith Colorado River Relocation Center, Arizona. corporateBody
associatedWith Committee on Resettlement of Japanese Americans. Minneapolis Chapter. corporateBody
associatedWith Cook, Guy W. person
associatedWith Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives. Library. California State University, Sacramento. corporateBody
correspondedWith Embree, John F. 1908-1950 person
associatedWith Fast, Emory. person
associatedWith Fast, Emory. person
associatedWith Flaherty, John Melvin person
associatedWith Flaherty, John Melvin, Jr. person
associatedWith Fukuyama, Betty person
associatedWith Fullerton, Colonel Hugh T. person
associatedWith Gillett, Clarence. person
associatedWith Goodman, Joseph R. person
associatedWith Haight, Ray B., 1886-1977. person
associatedWith Hatate, Harry R. person
associatedWith Head, Wade. person
associatedWith Heart Mountain War Relocation Center (Wyo.) corporateBody
associatedWith Hoebel, E. Adamson (Edward Adamson), 1906- person
associatedWith Ichihara, Kaoru, 1915- person
associatedWith Inuzuka, Ami. person
associatedWith Isenberg, Gerda, 1901-1997. person
associatedWith Jacoby, Harold S. person
associatedWith Japanese American Research Project (University of California, Los Angeles) corporateBody
associatedWith John A. Nelson person
associatedWith Kasai, Amy. person
associatedWith Kojima, Takasumi. person
associatedWith Lange, Dorothea. person
associatedWith Marks, Edward B. person
associatedWith Marks, Edward B. person
associatedWith Mary Norton Clapp Library. corporateBody
associatedWith McCool, Evelyn Whitehead. person
associatedWith McFarling, Joseph Ralph person
associatedWith McKee, Ruth Eleanor, 1903- person
associatedWith McWilliams, Carey, 1905-1980, person
associatedWith Minidoka Relocation Center. corporateBody
associatedWith Montgomery, Frances. person
associatedWith Mountin, William J. person
associatedWith Murakami, Miriko Nagahama, 1922- person
associatedWith Myer, Dillon S. (Dillon Seymour), 1891- person
associatedWith Nakatani, Roy Y. person
associatedWith Nelson, John A. person
associatedWith Okada, Koichiro person
associatedWith Okada, Koichiro. person
associatedWith Pacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play. corporateBody
associatedWith Patterson, Henry C., 1889-1972. person
associatedWith Pursinger, Marvin Gavin, 1923- person
associatedWith San José State College corporateBody
associatedWith Schmidt, Willard person
associatedWith Schmidt, Willard E. person
associatedWith Sitlington, Joe, 1916-1982. person
associatedWith Smith, Frank Heron, 1879-1965. person
correspondedWith Spicer, Edward Holland, 1906-1983 person
associatedWith St. Paul Resettlement Committee (Saint Paul, Minn.). corporateBody
associatedWith Sugino, Chica, 1898-1986. person
associatedWith Swetman, Ralph Waldo. person
associatedWith Tanbara, Ruth Nomura, 1907-2008. person
associatedWith Taylor, Sandra C. person
associatedWith Townsend, George L. person
associatedWith Tress, Michael G. person
associatedWith Ueno, Harry Y. (Harry Yoshio), 1907- person
associatedWith United States. Army. Regimental Combat Team, 442nd corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Army. Western Defense Command. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Army. Western Defense Command and Fourth Army. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. War Relocation Authority. Community Analysis Section. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. War Relocation Authority. Office of the Solicitor. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. War Relocation Authority. Office of the Solicitor. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Wartime Civil Control Administration. corporateBody
associatedWith Willoughby, George, pacifist. person
Place Name Admin Code Country
West (U.S.)
United States
West (U.S.)
United States
West (U.S.)
United States
Evacuation and relocation, 1942-1945
United States
United States
Subject
Concentration camps
Emigration and immigration
Japanese
Japanese Americans
Japanese Americans
Japanese Americans
Japanese Americans Evacuation and relocation, 1942-1945
Japanese in the United States
World War, 1939-1945
World War, 1939-1945
World War, 1939-1945
World War, 1939-1945
World War, 1939-1945
Occupation
Activity

Corporate Body

Active 1942

Active 1945

Americans

Japanese,

English

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