Dillinger, John Herbert, 1903-1934
Variant namesJohn Herbert Dillinger (June 22, 1903 – July 22, 1934) was an American gangster of the Great Depression. He led a group known as the "Dillinger Gang" which was accused of robbing 24 banks and 4 police stations. Dillinger escaped from jail twice. He was charged but not convicted of the murder of an East Chicago, Indiana, police officer who shot Dillinger in his bullet-proof vest during a shootout. It was the only time Dillinger was charged with homicide.
Dillinger courted publicity. The media ran exaggerated accounts of his bravado colorful personality and cast him as a Robin Hood. In response, J. Edgar Hoover, then director of the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), used Dillinger and his gang as his campaign platform to evolve the BOI into the Federal Bureau of Investigation, developing more sophisticated investigative techniques as weapons against organized crime.
After evading police in four states for almost a year, Dillinger was wounded and went to his father's home to mend. He returned to Chicago in July 1934 and sought refuge in a brothel owned by Ana Cumpănaș. She informed authorities of his whereabouts. On July 22, 1934, the police and G-men closed in on the Biograph Theater. Federal agents, led by Melvin Purvis and Samuel P. Cowley, moved to arrest Dillinger as he exited the theater. He drew a gun while attempting to flee, but was killed. This was ruled as justifiable homicide.
| Role | Title | Holding Repository | |
|---|---|---|---|
| referencedIn | Record Group 287: Publications of the U.S. Government, 1790-2006. Government Publications, 1861-1992. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Wanted Poster of John Dillinger. 6/25/1934. | Center for Legislative Archives | |
| referencedIn | Record Groups 60: General Records of the Department of Justice, 1790-2002. Photographs of Agency Personnel, ca. 1979-1993. John Dillinger. 3/12/1934. | National Archives at College Park | |
| referencedIn | Official Military Personnel File for John Dillinger. 1934. | National Archives at St. Louis |
Filters:
| Relation | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| associatedWith | Camacho, Arturo, 1901- | person |
| associatedWith | Cejnar Family. | person |
| associatedWith | Dayton Police Department | corporateBody |
| associatedWith | Etheridge, Mamye. | person |
| associatedWith | Finney, Emma Walk, | person |
| associatedWith | Fox, Charles Wilson, 1823-1880 | person |
| associatedWith | Graham, W. B. | person |
| associatedWith | Indiana University Center for the Study of History and Memory | corporateBody |
| associatedWith | King, Jeffery S., 1940- | person |
| associatedWith | Leonard, Donald S. (Donald Sparling), 1903-1976 | person |
| associatedWith | Maccabee, Paul, 1955-. | person |
| associatedWith | Minnesota. Bureau of Criminal Apprehension. | corporateBody |
| associatedWith | Poulsen, Ellen, 1953- | person |
| associatedWith | Purvis, Melvin Horace, 1903- | person |
| associatedWith | Toland, John. | person |
| associatedWith | United States. District Court (Minnesota : 3rd Division). | corporateBody |
| associatedWith | United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation | corporateBody |
| memberOf | United States. Navy | corporateBody |
| Place Name | Admin Code | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chicago | IL | US | |
| Indianapolis | IN | US |
| Subject |
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| Crime |
| Occupation |
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| Criminals |
| Activity |
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Person
Birth 1903-06-22
Death 1934-07-22
Male
Americans
English
