John W. Swackhamer Papers 1950-1955

Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.)

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The Committee for Industrial Organization was formed by the presidents of eight international unions in 1935. The presidents of these unions were dissatisfied with the American Federation of Labor's unwillingness to commit itself to a program of organizing industrial unions. In 1936, the A.F. of L. suspended the ten unions which proceeded to organize an independent federation, the Congress of Industrial Organizations. The CIO subsequently became the A.F. of L.'s chief rival for the leadership of...

United States

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Idaho became a state on July 3, 1890 with post offices being established as early as 1876. From the guide to the Franklin County, Idaho Post Office Location Records, 1876-1945, (Utah State University. Special Collections and Archives) These photographs document Region 4, started in 1910, of the US Forest Service, covering Utah, Nevada, Southern Idaho, and Western Wyoming. From the guide to the US Forest Service Photograph Collection., 19...

Swackhamer, John W. (John Williams), 1919-1955

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John Williams Swackhamer was born on March 23, 1919, in Easton, Pennsylvania. He earned his B.A. at Lafayette College in 1946, his M.A. at the State University of Iowa in 1947, attended the University of Zurich in 1947-1948, and earned his Ph.D. from the State University of Iowa in 1949. He became an Assistant Professor in the Economics Department at Montana State University (now The University of Montana-Missoula) in 1949. He published papers on American labor unions, and conducted...

aUniversity of Montana-Missoula

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United Steelworkers of America

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The United Steelworkers of America (USWA) was established 22 May 1942, by a convention of representatives from the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers (AAISTW) and the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (SWOC) after an intensive organizing initiative by the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s. After mergers in 2005, it was renamed United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial and Service Workers International Union (USW...

International Union of Mine, Mill, and Smelter Workers

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The International Union of Mine, Mill, and Smelter Workers (IUMMSW) emerged in 1916 from the more radical Western Federation of Miners (WFM) which organized mine and copper industry workers. IUMMSW reasserted its presence in the western mines, most successfully during the five-month strike in Butte and Anaconda (Montana) in 1934. A founding member of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), the IUMMSW was expelled in 1950 because of the Union's perceived Communist ties. In 1967, the IUMMS...