By stroke of pen and power of word : Boston's Black elite and the press in redefining black masculinity and femininity in national civil rights discourse, 1890-1910
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Ruffin, Josephine St. Pierre, 1842-1924
http://n2t.net/ark:/99166/w6qp6x5x (person)
Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin (August 31, 1842 – March 13, 1924) was an African-American publisher, journalist, civil rights leader, suffragist, and editor of Woman's Era, the first national newspaper published by and for African-American women. Born in Boston, Massachusetts, she attended public schools in Charlestown and Salem, and a private school in New York City because of her parents' objections to the segregated schools in Boston. She completed her studies at the Bowdoin School after segr...
