Church Women United in Dallas

Church Women United in Dallas is a unit of a national ecumenical movement through which Christian women from Protestant, Roman Catholic, Orthodox and other denominations express their faith by prayer, advocacy and service. CWU in Dallas also participates in worship services at various area churches and works with other local organizations to promote awareness of many social issues. Since inception, the CWU in Dallas has embraced its purpose of translating religious conviction into action.

CWU in Dallas is affiliated with similar councils on the state, regional and national levels. The unit is a member of CWU in Texas, which was organized in 1934. CWU in Dallas hosted state assemblies in 1936, 1939, 1948, 1957, 1965 and 1987.

The CWU national organization was formed in 1941 through a merger of the National Council of Church Women, the Council of Women for Home Missions and the Women's Committee for Foreign Missions. The national organization was founded as a racially, culturally and theologically inclusive ecumenical women's movement, celebrating unity in diversity and working for a world of peace and justice.

HISTORICAL HIGHLIGHTS

CWU in Dallas was organized in 1912 by Maria Morgan (Mrs. L.P.) Smith, who served as president for ten years. The organization's name was originally Interdenominational Council of Church Women, but was later changed to the Federated Council of Church Women.

During the 1920s, the organization adopted the Homemakers Industrial School located at State Street and Washington Avenue as a project.The school trained African-American girls in homemaking skills and the boys how to make a living. The school was deeded to the YWCA in 1927, and eventually became the Maria Morgan branch of the YWCA. During the 1920s, the group advocated availability of library facilities to African-Americans in Dallas.

Other causes espoused during the 1920s included fighting racetrack gambling; assisting juvenile courts in rehabilitation of youth; buying a piano and teaching girls in jail to play it; assisting in a free clinic run by the County Medical Association; and supplying Hope Cottage with diapers, toys and games. Also launched was an unsuccessful campaign to discourage church women from wearing rouge and lipstick.

During the 1930s, the organization worked with Self-Help Garden Clubs to garden on 3200 vacant lots in the city. Members helped form the Visiting Nurses Association to bring care to the poor. Upon the suggestion of the organization's founder, Maria Morgan Smith, the group integrated by merging the Negro Council of Church Women into their organization. In 1938 the group's name changed to the Dallas Council of Church Women. A new building for the Maria Morgan branch of the YWCA broke ground in 1939; CWU in Dallas contributed $8,000 of the total building cost of $12,000. The new branch was dedicated in 1940.

During World War II, the organization was active in the induction center at Love Field, the Veterans Hospital at Lisbon and a Sunday afternoon coffee hour called "Twilight Hour" at the USO. For their USO work, the Dallas Council of Church Women was awarded, in 1946, a "Certificate for Meritorious Service in USO War Work." Also during the 1940s the group coordinated with the Jewish Sisterhood and Catholic Women's Council in a clothing drive for war refugees, filling a boxcar with 20,000 pounds of clothing. In 1948, the group endorsed Truman's civil rights program. As a result, one church withdrew its membership in the organization, because they charged that the Council "had entered politics." By 1953, the church was once again listed in the yearbook.

The national organization's name changed to United Church Women in the early 1950s, and the Dallas organization followed suit in 1954. Efforts were directed to the Migrant Center in Priceton, Texas (near McKinney), helping to equip it as well as provide Spanish translations of books. The Center provided services to hispanic migrant workers and their families.

The 1960s brought a focus on study of poverty, directed toward improving neglected areas of the city. The group conducted a study of drop outs and assisted with the Senior Citizens Craft Bazaar. Members also assisted the chaplain at Parkland Hospital. For the first time, World Day of Prayer materials were produced in Spanish and Braille. Food, clothing, home furnishings and playground equipment were donated to the Migrant Center in Princeton, partly through the saving and redemption of "Green Stamps." During the late 1960s the organization adopted its current name, "Church Women United in Dallas."

CWU in the 1970s became the first ecumenical women's group to hold a desegregation workshop. Marion Dillard, a retired YWCA executive, was the first African-American president of CWU in Dallas and served from 1974-1975. The group publicly advocated for the Equal Rights Amendment. Margaret Estes, President of CWU in Dallas, spoke before the Equal Rights Amendment Committee of the Texas Legislature in 1977. Programs supported by the organization included Meals on Wheels, juvenile justice, a migrant ministry and a jail ministry. CWU in Dallas' first Interfaith Day included clergy from Protestant, Jewish and Catholic faiths.

In the 1980s members volunteered to tutor and mentor students at City Park Elementary School, which housed a day-care center and school for children of homeless women who were staying with their children at the Downtown Family Shelter. Ongoing involvement included serving on Greater Dallas Community of Churches advocacy committees and participating in the Women's Council's Homeless Task Force. In 1988, CWU in Dallas co-sponsored the International Women's Peace Conference with Southern Methodist University.In July 1989, the national CWU office issued a press release that the organization opposed criminalization of abortion in line with its commitment to the achievement of justice for women. As a result, one major organization withdrew membership from CWU national.

Benefits were held in the 1990s for women's shelters and after school programs to expand fellowship and support local agencies. In particular, the group collected funds for blankets for the needy and personal items for the jail ministry. In 1998 the Dallas Peace Center gave its Annual Peacemaker of the Year award to CWU in Dallas for their dedication to peace and justice within the church community as well as within a variety of cultural, racial and national communities. Also during the 1990s CWU in Dallas received the Crystal Gavel Award for Community Service from the Women's Council.

The years 2001 and 2002 began an effort to increase visibility of CWU in Dallas and network with other organizations to increase CWU's presence in the community. A reunion was held to honor past presidents of CWU in Dallas. The group teamed with the League of Women Voters and the Women's Council to discuss peer abuse among youth as part of the Community Awareness Day. In the post-9/11 world, the president of CWU in Dallas reached out in friendship and attended the Post Ramadan dinner of the Islamic Association of North Texas. Homelessness in Dallas was the focus of a program co-sponsored with the League of Women Voters.

The 2004 board retreat focused on change. Declining revenue as well as attrition of renewing members prompted a re-examination of how to better inspire and involve members, as the organization adapted to a new millennium.

BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL WOMEN'S DIVISION

The Business and Professional Women's Division of Church Women United in Dallas was organized in 1938 and originally included representatives from fifteen business and professional circles in various Dallas churches. The purpose paralleled that of the larger organization. However, meetings and celebrations were held in the evenings and fewer events and celebrations were embraced. The group disbanded in 1976 because of "concerns such as transportation, evening meetings, meeting places and cost of meals."

CELEBRATIONS AND EVENTS

The CWU in Dallas holds six regular celebrations and events annually. Because the organization's active year begins in September and continues through May, they are presented in the order in which they occur.

The Fall Forum is held in September. It is the first meeting of the organizational year, and is a time of sharing plans and programs in Dallas for the coming year, as well as encouraging participation from as many church women as possible.

World Community Day is celebrated in November. It is a national CWU event that brings together women from across the community in a common worship experience focusing on issues of justice and peace.

Community Awareness Day falls in January. It emphasizes issues of local community concern; it is a time to discuss possible solutions and look at opportunities for involvement.

Interfaith Day is celebrated in February. It is a day for bringing together CWU and women of other faiths for dialogue and exploring relationships between Christianity and other religious faiths.

The World Day of Prayer, held in March, is a national celebration day, as part of a worldwide observance reinforcing bonds among Christians in over 179 countries.

May Fellowship Day (also called May Friendship Day) includes the annual business meeting and installation of new officers. It is also a time of worship and study, and a time for building and strengthening relationships in order to take action on behalf of community needs. This day includes the annual collection for the Fellowship of the Least Coin, a worldwide ecumenical movement of prayer for justice, peace and reconciliation that supports projects for women and children around the world.

SOURCES

The organizational information above was based primarily upon information contained within the collection, such as Box 1, Folder 1, Annual Reports; Box 1, Folder 3, Awards and Honors; Box 1, Folder 18, Board Retreat 2003-2004; Box 2, Folder 15, History; Box 2, Folder 34, CWU Yearbooks 1953, 1962-1963; Box 2, Folder 39, Business and Professional Women's Division Minutes; Box 2, Folder 40, Business and Professional Women's Division Activities; Box 3, Folder 17, Texas Church Woman Newsletters (April 1976); Box 4, Folder 13, Handbook and Directory 2001-2002; Box 4, Folder 20, Printed Matter; Box 4, Folder 30, Fall Forum 2003; Box 8, Scrapbook 1939-1949; and Box 9, Scrapbook 1953-1954 and Scrapbook 1962-1963 ("Resume of the History of the Dallas Council of Church Women 1912-1939" and "The Green Sheet"). Also referenced were the Dallas Public Library's Vertical File on the Young Women's Christian Association, and the Dallas Morning News Historical Archives, particularly "Federated Church Council Changes Name and Elects," November 21, 1938; and "Professional Church Council is Organized," November 23, 1938.

From the guide to the Church Women United in Dallas MA06-2., 1939 to 2005 (Bulk 1994 to 2005), (Texas/Dallas History & Archives, Dallas Public Library)