Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974

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Physicist, engineer, government official, and science administrator.

From the description of Vannevar Bush papers, 1901-1974 (bulk 1932-1955). (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 70980014

Administrator, engineer.

From the description of Reminiscences of Vannevar Bush : oral history, 1967. (Columbia University In the City of New York). WorldCat record id: 122569580

Biographical Note

  • 1890, Mar. 11: Born, Everett, Mass.
  • 1913: Graduated, Tufts College,Medford, Mass.
  • 1916: Cambridge, Mass. Cambridge Ph.D., engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, both in Cambridge, Mass. Married Phoebe Davis
  • 1917: Consulting engineer, American Radio and Research Corp.
  • 1919: Appointed associate professor of electrical power transmission, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge, Mass.
  • 1932 - 1938 : Dean of engineering and vice president, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge, Mass.
  • 1939 - 1955 : President, Carnegie Institution of Washington,Washington, D.C.
  • 1940 - 1941 : Chairman, National Defense Research Commission
  • 1941: Awarded Edison Medal, American Institute of Electrical Engineers
  • 1941 - 1947 : Director, Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
  • 1942 - 1946 : Chairman, Joint Commission on New Weapons and Equipment of Joint Chiefs of Staff
  • 1946: Published Endless Horizons (Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press. 182 pp.)
  • 1947: Awarded Hoover Medal, American Institute of Electrical Engineering
  • 1947 - 1948 : Chairman, Research and Development Board, National Military Establishment
  • 1947 - 1962 : Board member, American Telephone and Telegraph Co.
  • 1949: Published Modern Arms and Free Men (New York: Simon and Schuster. 173 pp.)
  • 1957 - 1959 : Chairman, MIT Corp.
  • 1957 - 1962 : Chairman of the board, Merck and Co.
  • 1974, June 28: Died, Belmont, Mass.

From the guide to the Vannevar Bush Papers, 1901-1974, (bulk 1932-1955), (Manuscript Division Library of Congress)

Albert Francis Blakeslee, a geneticist and botanist, served as the director of Smith College Genetics Experiment Station from 1943-1954.

Albert Blakeslee's boyhood was spent in East Greenwich, Connecticut, where he early exhibited a strong liking for natural history. This leaning was not encouraged by his pragmatic father, who wanted the boy's education to plan for a financially independent career; but his mother was more sympathetic. After the two years of teaching at Montpelier Academy in Vermont, his natural inclinations were not to be denied, and he entered graduate study at Harvard with a determination to become a botanist. His Harvard professors, Farlow and Thaxter, greatly helped Blakeslee's development as a botanist. He engaged in a classification of the Mucors and discovered the positive and (sexual) zygospores and observed their sexual fusion to start the diploid phase of the Mucor life cycle. His summer in Venezuela as a plant collector for the Harvard Cryptogamic Herbarium (1903) and his two summers of teaching nature study in the Cold Spring Harbor courses broadened his knowledge of plants and generated in him a deep love of teaching. Thus, when he went to Germany for a postdoctoral fellowship in 1904, he was already becoming well known as a botanist.

At the University of Halle he worked under the distinguished mycologist Klebs for two years, with some stay during the period at the Universities of Berlin, Leipzig, and Oxford. This fellowship was supported by the Carnegie Institution of Washington. Blakeslee became fluent in the German language, as became apparent in later years when such a distinguished authority as Erwin Baur, plant geneticist, sent to Blakeslee in preference to any other English-speaking biologist a copy of his proposed publication on the dysgenic effects upon German life and culture of the post-war occupation of Germany's Rhineland by the French. Baur requested Blakeslee to be so good as to translate the communication into good English, edit it, and submit it for him to some American journal, such as Eugenical Notes, edited by Davenport. The original manuscript by Baur, the translation and very extensive editing -- really a toning down -- by Blakeslee, and the subsequent letter of withdrawal of the communication by Baur are all in the Blakeslee Papers, an invaluable addition to our knowledge of the course of German eugenics in the period between the two World Wars (see B. Glass, "A Hidden Chapter of German eugenics between the two World Wars," Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 125: 357-367, 1981). While in Germany Blakeslee spent much time in art museums and attendance at concerts, and formed cultural tastes that were a lifelong joy to him.

Upon returning from Germany, Blakeslee accepted an appointment as professor of botany at the Connecticut Agricultural College, later to become the University of Connecticut. He taught many courses, in summer as well as during the regular year, and collaborated with C.D. Jervis in two popular handbooks for the identification of trees in New England and in winter. He made crosses of tree species, and successfully produced the first interspecific hybrid pine. His broad concern with social applications of botany and with teaching are to be seen in his paper presented in an American Association for the Advancement of Science symposium in 1909 on the subject, "The Botanic Garden as a Field Museum of Agriculture." He also conducted research on the genetics of poultry, and found certain genetic traits with visible effects that were linked with high egg yield; also he uncovered a negative correlation between yellow color and the time of a year when the last egg is laid. He discovered that Rudbeckia hirta, the black-eyed Susan, is a frequently mutating species. Beginning what was to become his most famous genetical work, that with the jimson weed, Datura stramonium, he worked out the simple Mendelian inheritance of white versus purple flower color and of spiny versus smooth seed capsules. In 1914-1915, he gave, at Storrs, the first college course in genetics in the United States. Also, while on leave and at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory as a research investigator, he resumed his early work on the Mucors; and in Datura found, in 1913, his first trisomic type, the "Globe" seedpod type, which has 2N + 1 chromosomes.

In 1915 Blakeslee was invited by C. B. Davenport, Director of the Carnegie Institution of Washington Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, to fill the place just vacated by George Harrison Shull, who was transferring to Princeton University. Blakeslee accepted, although he much regretted the loss of his opportunities to teach. He remained at Cold Spring Harbor until he retired in 1941, at the age of 67. He became greatly renowned for his work on Datura stramonium, in which he eventually found a trisomic type for every one of the twelve chromosome pairs in the species, each type recognizable by a distinctive phenotype of the seed capsule. With his assistants, he raised as many as 70,000 Datura plants in each summer. In 1920, he was joined by John Belling, a gifted cytologist, as his collaborator. They developed the skilled art of making acetocarmine stains of smeared plant chromosomes, a technique that became universally adopted as an enormous time-saver and also one productive of better microscopic differentiation of the chromosomes in the set. The typical chromosome numbers for many species of flowering plants were determined by the team.

In 1924, Dorothy Bergner replaced John Belling as Blakeslee's principal coworker. With Bergner, Blakeslee discovered a thirteenth trisomic in Datura. As there are only 12 chromosome pairs, a different explanation was sought, and found. There are also secondary trisomics, in which one arm of a primary chromosome has been doubled while its other arm is missing. Such a chromosome, added to the 12 types in which an entire chromosome is extra, greatly increases the diversity of chromosomal types. In search of the origin of these secondaries, numerous translocation types were found, types in which parts of two primary chromosomes had undergone a reciprocal interchange. In the pairing of homologous chromosomes that takes place during meiosis, these aberrations give rise to rings of four associated chromosomes, two normal plus two translocation chromosomes in the ring. Non-disjunction is a frequent consequence, and additional types of trisomics result. The discovery in natural populations of so much chromosomal diversity was a stepping-stone to the new evolutionary synthesis of the 1930s. Polyploid and triploid Daturas were also found, as populations from various parts of the world were analyzed. In 1937 it was discovered that colchicine will paralyze mitotic cell division and give rise to cells in which the chromosome number has been doubled. Using this technique, Blakeslee and Bergner produced polyploids, periclinal chimeras; and a new research assistant, Sophie Satina, collaborated in working out cell lineages during plant development.

Other collaborations, going back many years, were with E.W. Sinnott on quantitative inheritance, with I.T. Buchholz on pollen tube growth, with C.S. Gager on the use of radium to produce mutations. By means of exposures to radium or X-rays, 541 different gene loci were identified by mutation, 81 of which were mapped to a specific chromosome. It was also found that there was an increase of mutations during the storage of seeds. With I. van Overbeek, Blakeslee applied the techniques of tissue culture to the study of Datura genetic types.

In 1931, Blakeslee became deeply interested in the human inheritance of taste sensitivity to a chemical substance, PTC (phenylthiocarbamide). It is intensely bitter to most persons, but tasteless to others. Blakeslee checked this capacity in identical twins and found they were always similar in their capacity to taste PTC, or inability to taste it. He gave many popular lectures and demonstrations of this novel aspect of human heredity.

Blakeslee became involved in the administration of the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory as early as 1923, and moved to greater and greater responsibility as Davenport aged. Upon Davenport's retirement in 1936, Blakeslee was the natural choice to succeed him. By this time he was one of America's foremost geneticists. He had helped to reorganize the American Journal of Botany in 1935, had been elected to the National Academy of Sciences and to the American Philosophical Society, and had been honored by many foreign scientific and learned organizations.

Upon retiring at Cold Spring Harbor, Blakeslee spent two years as a research associate at Columbia University, but found in 1942 an ideal situation for his "retirement" years in an appointment as a visiting professor at Smith College. Here he started up a four-college conference (Smith College, Amherst College, Mount Holyoke College, and Massachusetts State College -- later the University of Massachusetts) on Genetics, and a second on Human Relations. He initiated an active program of genetics at Smith College. With Miss Satina, he continued research on Datura by utilizing the technique of raising plant embryos in cell culture, in order to determine at what stage of development particular abnormal types led to deviations from normality, and just what they were. He became president of the Smith College Faculty Club, and worked to improve the conditions of retired faculty members. He spent much effort on human relations of the town-gown sort. As in previous periods of his life, he attended many foreign scientific congresses, for example, all of the Botanical Congresses (until 1950), and the Indian Scientific Congress in 1947. He was a visiting lecturer at Harvard University in 1948-1949. Upon his death, he left his estate to the National Academy of Sciences as trustee to provide continued assistance in maintaining and further developing a balanced genetics research program at Smith College. His personality was marked by great versatility, good humor, and a live social conscience. He was generous in giving credit to others in joint activities, yet in general somewhat reticent. These traits are reflected in some of his correspondence.

From the guide to the Albert Francis Blakeslee papers, 1904-1954, 1904-1954, (American Philosophical Society)

Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Wallace R. Brode Papers, 1901-1974, (bulk 1928-1969) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, V. Bush to Dr. Frank B. Jewett, 6/7/41 National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Blakeslee, Albert Francis, 1874-1954. Papers, 1904-1954. American Philosophical Society Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Memorandum, Conant to Bush, Exchange of Information on S-1 Project with the British, 7/30/43. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S1̲ Files. Bush - Conant File. Report to the President: Status of Tubealloy Development [transmitted by letter of 3/09/42]. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, Franklin Delano Roosevelt to Bush, 7/20/43. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
creatorOf Vannevar Bush Papers, 1901-1974, (bulk 1932-1955) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Rockefeller Foundation. Rockefeller Foundation Archives,1910-(1912-1989). Rockefeller Archive Center
referencedIn Walter Sydney Adams Papers, 1881-1939 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Charles R. Walgreen Foundation for the Study of American Institutions. Records, 1938-1956. University of Chicago Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Note (handwritten) from F.D.R. to V.B. [Bush], 1/19/43. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Harwood family. Harwood family papers, 1722-1962. Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
creatorOf Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974. Papers. Smithsonian Institution. Libraries
referencedIn Bryant, John. John Bryant collection. American Institute of Physics
creatorOf Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974. Oral history interview with Vannevar Bush, 1964. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn Wallace Notestein papers, 1899-1969 (inclusive) Yale University Library
referencedIn Edwin H. Armstrong Papers, 1886-1982, [Bulk Dates: 1912-1954] Columbia University. Rare Book and Manuscript Library
creatorOf Bush, Vannevar, 1890-. Letter, 1955, to Lewis Mumford. University of Pennsylvania Libraries, Van Pelt Library
referencedIn Tuve, Merle Antony, 1901-1982. Oral history interview with Merle Antony Tuve, 1967 May 6. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
creatorOf McMath, Robert R. (Robert Raynolds), 1891-1962. Robert R. McMath papers, 1916-1962. Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Ridenour, Louis N. (Louis Nicot), 1911-1959. Papers, 1946-1959. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. S-1 Reports to and Conferences with the President, 1942-1944. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Millikan, Robert Andrews, 1868-1953. Robert Andrews Millikan collection, 1847-1953. American Philosophical Society Library
creatorOf Bell, James Ford, 1879-1961. James Ford Bell and family papers, 1861-1961. Minnesota Historical Society Library
referencedIn Elihu Thomson Papers, 1865-1944 American Philosophical Society
creatorOf Marcus, David. Collection of correspondence sent to and from David Marcus regarding the bombing of Nagasaki: 1971-1982. Copley Press, J S Copley Library
referencedIn Robert Andrews Millikan papers, 1821-1953 California Institute of Technology. Archives.
referencedIn Houghton Mifflin Company correspondence, 1881-1981 (inclusive), 1940-1979 (bulk). Houghton Library
referencedIn Thomson, Elihu, 1853-1937. Papers, 1853-1955. American Philosophical Society Library
referencedIn George Sarton additional papers, 1901-1956 Houghton Library
referencedIn Joseph Barnes Papers, 1923-1970 Columbia University. Rare Book and Manuscript Library
creatorOf Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974. Reminiscences of Vannevar Bush : oral history, 1967. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
creatorOf Albert Francis Blakeslee papers, 1904-1954, 1904-1954 American Philosophical Society
creatorOf Mount Wilson Observatory Optical Shop. Papers of Mount Wilson Observatory Optical Shop, 1911-1966. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. letter, Bush to Gen. Leslie R. Groves, 11/13/42. Denver art museum
referencedIn Henry F. Pringle Papers, 1932-1957, (bulk 1939-1946) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Stanislaw M. Ulam Papers, 1916-1984 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Merle Antony Tuve Papers, 1901-1982, (bulk 1941-1966) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Irving Langmuir Papers, 1871-1957 Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Garet Garrett papers, 1805-1938 (bulk 1900-1938) Houghton Library
referencedIn Robert R. McMath Papers, 1916-1962 Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Bloembergen, N. Oral history interview with Nicolaas Bloembergen, 1983 June 27. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn Weeks, Dorothy Walcott, 1893-1990. Response to 1988 History of Nuclear Physics Survey, 1988. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn United States Office of Scientific Research and Development S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, Franklin D. Roosevelt to Vannevar Bush, 12/28/42. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Carpenter, Donald F. (Donald Fell), 1899-1985. Papers, 1922-1984. Hagley Museum & Library
creatorOf Poore, Charles, 1902-. Charles Poore letters received from various authors, 1933-1968, undated. Pennsylvania State University Libraries
referencedIn James Ford Bell and family papers., 1861-1978. Minnesota Historical Society
referencedIn Smyth, Henry De Wolf, 1898-1986. Papers, [ca. 1939]-1986. American Philosophical Society Library
referencedIn Millikan, Robert Andrews, 1868-1953. Papers, 1847-1953. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn Carmichael, Leonard, 1898-1973. Papers, ca. 1917-1973. American Philosophical Society Library
referencedIn International Solar Energy Society. International Solar Energy Society collection, 1954-1974. Arizona State University Libraries
referencedIn L. C. Dunn Papers, ca. 1920-1974 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Morse, Philip McCord papers Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Libraries
creatorOf Records of the Office of Scientific Research and Development. 1939 - 1947. Historical Records National Archives at Boston
referencedIn Porter, Arthur, 1910-. Oral history interview with Arthur Porter, ca. 1976. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files Bush - Conant File. Bush, Memorandum of Conference with Mr. Harry Hopkins and Lord Cherwell at the White House, 5/25/43. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Lee A. DuBridge papers, 1932-1986 California Institute of Technology. Archives.
referencedIn Joseph Barnes Papers, 1923-1970 Columbia University. Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. letter, V. Bush to the President, 6/17/42 Denver art museum
referencedIn Wiener, Norbert papers Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Libraries
creatorOf Miller, Russell E. Vannevar Bush papers, 1910-1988. Tufts University - Tisch Library, Tisch Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, Bush to President Roosevelt, 9/25/45. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Office of the President, records of Karl Taylor Compton and James Rhyne Killian, 1930-1959 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Libraries
creatorOf Clark, W. Mansfield (William Mansfield), 1884-1964. Papers, 1903-1964. American Philosophical Society Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. letter, Sir John Anderson to Bush, 8/5/42. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn United States. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, V. Bush to Karl T. Compton, 3/21/41. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
creatorOf Records of the Office of Scientific Research and Development. 1939 - 1947. Records Relating to the Development of the Atomic Bomb National Archives at College Park
referencedIn American Institute of Physics. Office of the Director. Records of Henry A. Barton, 1931-1964. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
creatorOf McMath, Robert R. (Robert Raynolds), 1891-1962. Robert R. McMath papers, 1916-1912. Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Mid-Century Convocation on the Social Implications of Scientific Progress records Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Libraries
creatorOf Beams, Jesse W. (Jesse Wakefield), 1898-1977. Papers of Jesse W. Beams [manuscript], 1926-1977. University of Virginia. Library
referencedIn Robert E. Sherwood papers, 1917-1968 (inclusive), 1934-1955 (bulk). Houghton Library
creatorOf Bowen, Ira Sprague, 1898-1973. Papers of Ira Sprague Bowen, 1940-1973. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn William Mansfield Clark Papers, 1903-1964 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Warren H. (Warren Harmon) Lewis papers, ca. 1913-1964, 1913-1964 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Babcock, Horace W. Oral history interview with Horace W. Babcock, 1977, July 25. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, Bush to Sir John Anderson, 8/5/42. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Houghton Mifflin Company correspondence and records, 1832-1944. Houghton Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, Bush to Sir John Anderson, 9/1/42. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Archive for the History of Quantum Physics, 1898-1950 (bulk), 1898-1950 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Parsons, William Sterling, 1901-1953. Papers of William Sterling Parsons, 1943-1953. Library of Congress
referencedIn Wallace R. Brode Papers, 1901-1974, (bulk 1928-1969) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Julius Augustus Furer Papers, 1910-1962, (bulk 1915-1961) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Stanford Oral History Project interviews, 1971-1995 Cecil H. Green Library. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn Klopsteg, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1889-. Oral history interview with Paul E. Klopsteg, 1970 March 31. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn Greenewalt, Crawford H., 1902-1993. Papers, 1928-1968 (bulk 1942-1968). Hagley Museum & Library
referencedIn Auerbach, Isaac L. (Isaac Levin), 1921-1992. A survey of large scale computing machines, 1947 [Photoprints]. Hagley Museum & Library
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Memorandum, Bush to President Roosevelt, 9/25/45. Denver art museum
referencedIn Alan Tower Waterman Papers, 1917-1967, (bulk 1940-1963) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Scientists Collection, 1563-1973 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Hubble, Edwin Powell, 1889-1953. Selected papers [microform], 1900-1960. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn Records of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 1903 - 2006. Biography Files for Committee Members National Archives at College Park
referencedIn John Clarke Slater Papers, 1908-1976 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Bowen, Ira Sprague, 1898-1973. Oral history interview with Ira Sprague Bowen, 1968 August 9 and 26 August 1969. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn Melville Eastham Papers, 1908-1973, (bulk 1930-1964) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Ava Helen and Linus Pauling Papers, 1910-1994 (bulk 1922-1991) Oregon State University SpecialCollections & Archives Research Center, The ValleyLibrary
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, V. Bush to Arthur H. Compton, 10/9/41. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Memorandum, Bush to Conant, 7/21/41. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn J. Robert Oppenheimer Papers, 1799-1980, (bulk 1947-1967) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Smyth, Henry De Wolf, 1898-1986. Atomic energy for military purposes, 1945 [typescript]. Hagley Museum & Library
referencedIn Alvarez, Luis W., 1911-1988. Oral history interview with Luis Alvarez, 1967 February 14 and 15. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
referencedIn Leonard Carmichael Papers, 1898-1973, Circa 1917-1973 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Letter, Bush to Conant, 10/9/41 National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Robert Andrews Millikan collection, 1847-1953, 1847-1953 American Philosophical Society
referencedIn Lewis, Warren H. (Warren Harmon), 1870-1964. Papers, ca. 1913-1964. American Philosophical Society Library
referencedIn Anderson Hunter Dupree Papers, 1940-1960 Brown University Archives, John Hay Library
referencedIn Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Office of the Vice President, records of Vannevar Bush Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Libraries
referencedIn Charles Stacy French papers, 1935-1989 Cecil H. Green Library. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn Charles R. Walgreen Foundation. Records, 1938-1956 Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library,
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Memorandum, Bush to Harvey H. Bundy, 8/29/42. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Slater, John C. (John Clarke), 1900-1976. Papers, 1908-1976. American Philosophical Society Library
creatorOf Records of the Office of Scientific Research and Development. 1939 - 1947. Records Relating to the Development of the Atomic Bomb. 1940 - 1945. S-1 - Reports to and Conferences with the President National Archives at College Park
referencedIn French, Charles Stacy, 1907-. Charles Stacy French papers, 1935-1989. Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn Wallace Notestein papers, 1899-1969 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
referencedIn I. I. Rabi Papers, 1899-1989, (bulk 1945-1968) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. Bush, Memorandum of Conference with the President, 6/24/43. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. letter, Bush to President Roosevelt, 3/09/42. National Archives Library, National Archives Records Administration
referencedIn Edward Lindley Bowles Papers, 1869-1990, (bulk 1920-1982) Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Millikan, Robert Andrews, 1868-1953. Papers [microform], 1847-1953. American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library
Role Title Holding Repository
Relation Name
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associatedWith Benedicks, Carl Axel Fredrik, 1875-1953 person
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associatedWith Blakeslee, Albert Francis, 1874-1954. person
associatedWith Bloembergen, N. person
correspondedWith Bohr, Niels, 1885-1962 person
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associatedWith Charles R. Walgreen Foundation for the Study of American Institutions. corporateBody
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correspondedWith Compton, K. T. (Karl Taylor), 1887-1954 person
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correspondedWith Eastham, Melville, 1885-1964. person
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correspondedWith Garrett, Garet, 1878-1954 person
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associatedWith Harwood family. family
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correspondedWith Houghton Mifflin Company. corporateBody
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associatedWith Hyde, James Hazen, 1876-1959 person
associatedWith Institut de France. corporateBody
associatedWith International Solar Energy Society. corporateBody
associatedWith Johns Hopkins University. corporateBody
associatedWith Joliot-Curie, Frédéric person
associatedWith Jordan, Pascual, 1902-1980 person
correspondedWith Josephs, D. C. (Devereux Colt), 1893-1977 person
associatedWith Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike, 1853-1926 person
associatedWith Kapitsa, P. L., (Petr Leonidovich), 1894-1984 person
associatedWith Kayser, H., (Heinrich), 1853-1940 person
associatedWith Kemble, Edwin C., (Edwin Crawford), 1889-1984 person
correspondedWith Killian, James Rhyne, 1904- person
associatedWith Klein, Oskar, 1894-1977 person
associatedWith Klopsteg, Paul E. (Paul Ernest), 1889- person
associatedWith Kramers, Hendrik Anthony, 1894-1952 person
associatedWith Ladenburg, Rudolf Walter, 1882-1952 person
associatedWith Langevin, Paul, 1872-1946 person
correspondedWith Langmuir, Irving, 1881-1957. person
associatedWith Laue, Max von, 1879-1960 person
correspondedWith Leffingwell, R. C. (Russell Cornell), 1878-1960 person
associatedWith Lewis, Warren H. (Warren Harmon), 1870-1964. person
correspondedWith Lilienthal, David Eli, 1899-1981 person
associatedWith London, Fritz, 1900-1954 person
correspondedWith Magoan, F. Alexander person
associatedWith Manhattan Project (U.S.) corporateBody
associatedWith Marcus, David. person
associatedWith Massachusetts Institute of Technology. corporateBody
associatedWith Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Office of the President corporateBody
associatedWith Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Office of the Vice President corporateBody
associatedWith Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Radiation Laboratory. corporateBody
associatedWith McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957. person
associatedWith McLennan, J. C., (John Cunningham), 1867-1935 person
associatedWith McMath, Robert R. (Robert Raynolds), 1891-1962. person
associatedWith Meitner, Lise, 1878-1968 person
associatedWith Merck & Co. corporateBody
associatedWith Merck & Co. corporateBody
associatedWith Metals & Controls Corporation. corporateBody
associatedWith Mid-Century Convocation on the Social Implications of Scientific Progress (1949 : Massachusetts Institute of Technology) corporateBody
associatedWith Mie, Gustav, 1868-1957 person
associatedWith Millikan, Robert Andrews, 1868-1953. person
associatedWith Morse, Philip McCord, 1903-1985 person
associatedWith Mount Wilson Observatory Optical Shop. corporateBody
associatedWith Mulliken, Robert Sanderson, 1896-1986 person
associatedWith National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) corporateBody
associatedWith National Institutes of Health (U.S.) corporateBody
associatedWith National Research Council (U.S.) corporateBody
associatedWith National Science Foundation (U.S.) corporateBody
associatedWith Nishina, Yoshio, 1890-1951 person
associatedWith Notestein, Wallace, 1878-1969. person
correspondedWith Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 1904-1967. person
associatedWith Parsons, William Sterling, 1901-1953. person
associatedWith Paschen, F., (Friedrich), 1865-1947 person
correspondedWith Patterson, Robert Porter, 1891-1952 person
associatedWith Pauling, Ava Helen person
associatedWith Pauling, Linus, 1901-1994 person
associatedWith Pauling, Linus Carl, 1901- person
associatedWith Pauli, Wolfgang, 1900-1958 person
associatedWith Planck, Max, 1858-1947 person
associatedWith Poore, Charles, 1902- person
associatedWith Porter, Arthur, 1910- person
correspondedWith Price, Don Krasher person
correspondedWith Price, Don Krasher person
associatedWith Pringle, Henry F. (Henry Fowles), 1897-1958. person
correspondedWith Proctor, Redfield, 1831-1908 person
correspondedWith Putnam, Palmer Cosslett, 1900- person
correspondedWith Rabi, I. I. (Isador Isaac), 1898- person
correspondedWith Rabi, I. I. (Isidor Isaac), 1898-1988. person
correspondedWith Richards, Alfred N. (Alfred Newton), 1876-1966 person
associatedWith Ridenour, Louis N. (Louis Nicot), 1911-1959. person
associatedWith Robbins, William Jacob, 1890-1978 person
associatedWith Rockefeller Foundation. corporateBody
associatedWith Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945. person
correspondedWith Root, Elihu, 1845-1937 person
associatedWith Rosenfeld, L., (Leon), 1904-1974 person
associatedWith Rosseland, Svein, 1894-1985 person
associatedWith Rubens, Heinrich, 1865-1922 person
correspondedWith Ruebhausen, Oscar M. person
correspondedWith Ruebhausen, Oscar M. person
correspondedWith Rule, John T. (John Thomas) person
associatedWith Runge, Carl, 1856-1927 person
associatedWith Rutherford, Ernest, 1871-1937 person
correspondedWith Sarton, George, 1884-1956 person
associatedWith Scheel, Karl, 1866-1936 person
correspondedWith Schell, Orville J. person
correspondedWith Schell, Orville J. person
associatedWith Schrödinger, Erwin, 1887-1961 person
associatedWith Shapley, Harlow, 1885-1972. person
correspondedWith Sherwood, Robert E. (Robert Emmet), 1896-1955 person
associatedWith Shull, George Harrison, 1874-1954 person
correspondedWith Simon, Leslie Earl, 1900- person
associatedWith Sinnott, Edmund W. (Edmund Ware), 1888-1958 person
associatedWith Slater, John C. (John Clarke), 1900-1976. person
associatedWith Slater, John Rothwell, b. 1872 person
associatedWith Smith College. Genetics Experiment Station. corporateBody
associatedWith Smithsonian Institution. corporateBody
associatedWith Smyth, Henry De Wolf, 1898-1986. person
associatedWith Sommerfeld, Arnold, 1868-1951 person
correspondedWith Spaatz, Carl, 1891-1974 person
associatedWith Stanford Historical Society. corporateBody
associatedWith Stark, Johannes, 1874-1957 person
associatedWith Thomson, Elihu, 1853-1937. person
associatedWith Thomson, J. J., Sir, (Joseph John), 1856-1940 person
correspondedWith Timble, W. H. person
correspondedWith Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972 person
associatedWith Tufts University. corporateBody
correspondedWith Tuve, Merle Antony, 1901-1982. person
associatedWith Uhlenbeck, George Eugène, 1900-1988 person
associatedWith Ulam, Stanislaw M. (Stanislaw Marcin), 1909-1985 person
associatedWith United States. Council of National Defense. National Defense Research Committee. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff. Joint Commission on New Weapons and Equipment. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. corporateBody
associatedWith United States Office of Scientific Research and Development S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Office of Scientific Research and Development. S1̲ Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Patent Office. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. S-1 Files. Bush - Conant File. corporateBody
associatedWith University of Connecticut. corporateBody
associatedWith U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. corporateBody
associatedWith Van Vleck, J. H., (John Hasbrouck), 1899-1980 person
associatedWith Voigt, Woldemar, 1850-1919 person
associatedWith Von Neumann, John, 1903-1957 person
correspondedWith Voorhees, Tracy S. (Tracy Stebbins), 1890-1974 person
associatedWith Waksman, Selman A., (Selman Abraham), 1888-1973 person
associatedWith Warburg, Emil Gabriel, 1846-1931 person
associatedWith Waterman, Alan Tower, 1892-1967. person
correspondedWith Weaver, Warren, 1894-1978 person
correspondedWith Webster, Bethuel M. (Bethuel Matthew), 1900-1989 person
associatedWith Weeks, Dorothy Walcott, 1893-1990. person
associatedWith Weisskopf, Victor Frederick, 1908-2002 person
associatedWith Wiener, Norbert, 1894-1964 person
correspondedWith Wilson, Carroll L. person
correspondedWith Wilson, Carroll L. person
associatedWith Wilson, Edwin Bidwell, 1879-1964 person
correspondedWith Wilson, Robert E. (Robert Erastus), 1893-1964 person
associatedWith Zeeman, Pieter, 1865-1943 person
Place Name Admin Code Country
United States
United States
Germany
United States
United States
Soviet Union
Soviet Union
Subject
Education
Air-engines
Atomic bomb
Beans
Blood groups
Colchicine
Cold War
College presidents
Cryptography
Datura
Electronic differential analyzers
Embryology
Endowments
Engineers
Fishing rods
Geneticists
Genetics
Guidance systems (Flight)
Horticulture
Immunology
Loyalty security program, 1947-
Manhattan Project (U.S.)
Medicine
Military-industrial complex
Mineralogy
Nuclear energy
Nuclear energy
Nuclear energy
Optics
Ornithology
Patents
Proximity fuzes
Rockets (Ordnance)
Science
Science and state
Solar pumps
World War, 1939-1945
World War, 1939-1945
World War, 1939-1945
Zoology
Occupation
Engineers
Physicists
Public officials
Science administrators
Activity

Person

Birth 1890-03-11

Death 1974-06-30

English

Information

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Ark ID: w6cv4jx3

SNAC ID: 6932631