James Elliott Mooney (b. July 30, 1901, Dansville, New York-d. October 27, 1968, Bethesda, Maryland) was an associate of Admiral Byrd. He earned his Ph.D. from Duquesne University in Education in 1933, and later served as the presiden of the University of Tampa, from 1940 to 1945. He joined Admiral Byrd's staff in 1955, and was made Deputy U.S. Antarctic Projects Officer. He served as Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of Defense, International Security Affairs, for Antarctic Matters until retirement in December 1965.