The Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory was established in 1940 to conduct research on speech, hearing, and communications during World War II. It was founded by Stanley Smith Stevens, as part of an initiative to reduce noise problems experienced by bomber pilots. During the War, the Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory collaborated extensively with another Harvard Institution, the Electro-Acoustic Laboratory headed by Leo Beranek. It continued to operate after the War and in 1962 it was renamed the Laboratory of Psychophysics.