Watie, Stand, 1806-1871

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Stand Watie, also known as Standhope, Oowatie, Degataga, and Isaac S. Watie, was a Cherokee Nation leader and brigadier general in the Confederate Army. He was born into the Cherokee Nation in Calhoun, Georgia, on December 12, 1806, and was educated at a Moravian mission school in Spring Place, Georgia. He briefly wrote for the Cherokee Phoenix, during which time he became involved in anti-Indian laws following the discovery of gold in Georgia in the 1830s. Watie was a signer of the Treaty of New Echota, which facilitated the removal of the Cherokees to Oklahoma and which many Cherokees blamed for the Trail of Tears. As a result of their participation in the treaty, Watie's uncle Major Ridge, cousin John Ridge, and brother Elias Boudinot were killed by members of the John Ross party in 1839, while Watie escaped with his life. In 1842 he killed one of his uncle's murderers in Arkansas, but was acquitted on the grounds of self-defense. During the Civil War, Watie, a slave-owner, joined the Cherokee Nation in supporting the Confederacy and eventually rose to the rank of brigadier general. Watie served as chief of the Cherokee Nation from 1862-1866, a time that was marked by conflicts between Watie's supporters and those of the former chief, John Ross. Watie died on September 9, 1871.

From the description of Letters to Stand Watie, 1850-1856. (Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens). WorldCat record id: 611020001

Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Deane, Ernie. Cherokee Indians, Tahlequah, Okla., March 8, 1962 [Stand Watie marker] [graphic] / Ernie Deane [photographer]. Arkansas History Commission
referencedIn Alexander, Peter Wellington, 1825-1886. Peter Wellington Alexander papers, 1835-1910. Columbia University in the City of New York, Columbia University Libraries
referencedIn Peter Wellington Alexander Papers, 1855-1863 Columbia University. Rare Book and Manuscript Library
referencedIn Deane, Ernie. Cherokee National Holiday, Tahlequah, Okla., September 1960 [Stand Watie monument] [graphic] / Ernie Deane [photographer]. Arkansas History Commission
referencedIn Arkansas manuscripts in the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Manuscripts Division, 1862-1899. University of Arkansas - Fayetteville, University Libraries
creatorOf Alexander, Peter Wellington, 1825-1886. Col. Peter Wellington Alexander, C.S.A., collection 1862-1864. University of Arkansas - Fayetteville, University Libraries
creatorOf Ridge, John Rollin, 1827-1867. Letters to family, 1853-1855. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Deane, Ernie. Markers and Monuments, Stand Watie Monument, Tahlequah, Okla. [graphic] / Ernie Deane [photographer]. Arkansas History Commission
creatorOf Watie, Stand, 1806-1871,. Letters to Stand Watie, 1850-1856. Huntington Library, Art Collections & Botanical Gardens
referencedIn Huntington Library : nineteenth-century Arkansas letters and documents, 1821-1896. University of Arkansas - Fayetteville, University Libraries
referencedIn Jordan, Thomas Jefferson, Jr. Arlowen Jordan Collection. University of Oklahoma, Bizzell Memorial Library
referencedIn [Gold Rush letter to brother Stand Watie, Esq., 1850] California state library
referencedIn Parks, Robert Calvin, d. 1864. Day book, First Cherokee Regiment [microform], Nov. 1862-Mar. 1863. Kansas State Historical Society
referencedIn Frederick M. Dearborn collection of military and political Americana, Part II: The Civil War and the Confederacy, 1832-1915. Houghton Library
referencedIn Deane, Ernie. Stand Watie marker, December 1959 [Watie monument] [graphic] / Ernie Deane [photographer]. Arkansas History Commission
referencedIn Watie (Stand) Letters June 1924., 1838-1865 Dolph Briscoe Center for American History
referencedIn Ballenger, Thomas Lee, 1882-1987. Thomas Lee Ballenger papers, 1730-1968 (bulk 1835-1968). Newberry Library
Role Title Holding Repository
referencedIn Records, 1937-1941. University of Oklahoma, Bizzell Memorial Library
Relation Name
associatedWith Alexander, Peter Wellington, 1825-1886. person
associatedWith Ballenger, Thomas Lee, 1882-1987. person
associatedWith Deane, Ernie. person
associatedWith Dearborn, Frederick M. (Frederick Myers), b. 1876 person
associatedWith Longknife, Barbara, person
associatedWith Parks, Robert Calvin, d. 1864. person
associatedWith Ridge, John Rollin, 1827-1867. person
associatedWith Watie, Charles E., person
associatedWith Watie, John A., person
associatedWith Watie (Stand) person
Place Name Admin Code Country
California
Subject
Cherokee Indians
Frontier and pioneer life
Gold miners
Occupation
Activity

Person

Birth 1806-12-12

Death 1871-09-09

Americans

English

Information

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SNAC ID: 42315479