Maryland (Colony). Land Office.
Variant namesIn 1680, Charles the third Lord Baltimore appointed a Register of the Land Office to administer the new agency. The register assumed duties previously reserved for the Governor or Secretary and began to issue warrants of survey, grant patents, to take the probate or rights for land. In 1684, Charles established a four-member land council to hear and determine all matters relating to land in Maryland.
As a result of the Protestant Revolution of 1688, the Land Office was closed from 1689 to 1694. Within the colony, questions were raised concerning whether the office was public or private. The Governor and Council, Secretary, and General Assembly aligned themselves against the Lord Proprietor, claiming a public right of settlement of judicial questions related to title, custody of records, and control over surveying. Private rights, they asserted, were limited to the Proprietor's collection of revenue. Since the Land Office was managed by the Governor and Council, the Proprietor had to rely on his agents to uphold his claims. The first two agents, Henry Darnall and Charles Carroll the Settler, brought to the office a power and diligence unequaled by their successors. After the Proprietor's territorial rights were restored in 1715, Land Office administration fell to the Judge of the Land Office who also took the title Register. He appointed a Surveyor General for both shores. That officer appointed deputy surveyors in each county.
The Proprietor lost his rights to Maryland with the outbreak of the Revolution. The 1776 Constitution authorized the Governor and Council to appoint a Register of the Land Office for each shore, and took steps to protect those persons who already held titles to property. Moreover, under the Confiscation Acts of 1780 and 1781, the revolutionary government appropriated lands held formerly by the Proprietor. Confiscated lands were subsequently divided and sold. The Land Office issued patents on the resurveyed tracts.
In 1843, the Eastern Shore office was abolished. Thereafter, the Western Shore Land Office administered all of Maryland. The 1867 Constitution declared the Land Office a repository of all patent records. In addition the Land Office archived records of the recently defunct Chancery Court. In 1967, the functions, records, responsibilities, and employees of the Land Office were transferred to the Hall of Records Commission. The State Archivist assumed the duties of the Commissioner of Land Patents and is responsible for issuing land patents and conducting court hearings (Laws of 1967, ch. 355).
From the description of Agency history record, 1680-. (Unknown). WorldCat record id: 122506202
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| Place Name | Admin Code | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maryland |
| Subject |
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| Complaints (administrative procedure) |
| Land grants |
| Land settlement |
| Land settlement |
| Leased territories |
| Rent charges |
| Surveying |
| Occupation |
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| Activity |
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Corporate Body
Active 1793
Active 1903
Active 1714
Active 1841
Active 1636
Active 1844
Active 1739
Active 1964
Active 1788
Active 1867
Active 1810
Active 1817
Active 1852
Active 1903
Active 1704
Active 1967
Active 1776
Active 1967
Active 1707
Active 1771
Active 1874
Active 1899
Active 1874
Active 1897
Active 1789
Active 1967
Active 1874
Active 1896
Active 1639
Active 1776
Active 1773
Active 1967
Active 1874
Active 1887
Active 1851
Active 1967
Active 1742
Active 1967
Active 1748
Active 1775
Active 1636
Active 1842
Active 1669
Active 1967
Active 1748
Active 1967
Active 1874
Active 1898
Active 1837
Active 1967
Active 1715
Active 1722
Active 1699
Active 1990
Active 1874
Active 1949
Active 1867
Active 1967
Active 1733
Active 1775
Active 1874
Active 1893
Active 1872
Active 1967
Active 1874
Active 1894
Active 1720
Active 1880
Active 1734
Active 1775
Active 1637
Active 1979
Active 1874
Active 1891
Active 1874
Active 1895
Active 1657
Active 1747
Active 1874
Active 1885
Active 1706
Active 1967
Active 1796
Active 1842
Active 1900
Active 1967
Active 1680
Active 1661
Active 1967
