Georgia. Governor (1868-1871 : Bullock)

Atlanta University, founded in 1865, by the American Missionary Association, with later assistance from the Freedman's Bureau, was, before consolidation, the nation's oldest graduate institution serving a predominantly African-American student body. By the late 1870s, Atlanta University had begun granting bachelor's degrees and supplying black teachers and librarians to the public schools of the South. In 1929-30, it began offering graduate education exclusively in various liberal arts areas, and in the social and natural sciences. It gradually added professional programs in social work, library science, and business administration. At this same time, Atlanta University affiliated with Morehouse and Spelman Colleges in a university plan known as the Atlanta University System. The campus was moved to its present site, and the modern organization of the Atlanta University Center emerged, with Clark College, Morris Brown College, and the Interdenominational Theological Center joining the affiliation later. The story of the Atlanta University over the next twenty years from 1930 includes many significant developments. The Schools of Library Science, Education, and Business Administration were established in 1941, 1944, and 1946 respectively. The Atlanta School of Social Work, long associated with the University, gave up its charter in 1947 to become an integral part of the University. In 1957, the controlling Boards of the six institutions (Atlanta University; Clark, Morehouse, Morris Brown and Spelman Colleges; and Gammon Theological Seminary) ratified new Articles of Affiliation. Unlike the old Articles of 1929, the new contract created the Atlanta University Center. The influence of Atlanta University has been extended through professional journals and organizations, including Phylon and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, for both of which Dr. W.E.B. DuBois, a member of the faculty, provided leadership. Clark Atlanta University website http://www.cau.edu (Retrieved March 4, 2009)

Rufus Bullock was the first Republican to be elected to Georgia's highest political office, serving as governor from 1868 to 1871. Bullock was a northern-born businessman who cooperated with the Confederacy, became the most hated man in the state during Reconstruction, was forced from office by the Ku Klux Klan, and recovered enough of his reputation to become president of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and master of ceremonies at the Atlanta Cotton States and International Exposition in 1895. Still, until the 1990s historians generally accepted the negative view of Bullock gleaned from the partisan politics of Reconstruction, agreeing with the novelist Margaret Mitchell, who painted him as a carpetbagger and scalawag who looted the state. New Georgia Encyclopedia http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org (Retrieved March 4, 2009)

The Civil War governor of Georgia, Joseph E. Brown, was one of the most successful politicians in the state's history and the father of two-term governor Joseph M. Brown. Born in South Carolina on April 15, 1821, and raised in the mountains of north Georgia, Joseph Emerson Brown capped off a solid middle-class education in private academies with a year at Yale Law School in New Haven, Connecticut (1845-46). Very able and ambitious, Brown quickly prospered as a lawyer and businessman. Soon after his election to the Georgia state senate in 1849 he emerged as a leader of the Democratic Party, and his influence continued after he was elected a state circuit judge in 1855. New Georgia Encyclopedia http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org (Retrieved March 4, 2009)

John Livingston Hopkins was a lawyer based in Atlanta.

Born in Nashville on March 3, 1822, Samuel H. Stout began his medical career in Tennessee in 1848 having turned down a commission in the U.S. Navy. With the outbreak of the Civil War he served as a surgeon in the Provincial Army of Tennessee beginning in 1861, and soon took over management of the Gordon Hospital in Nashville. He moved to Chattanooga after the fall of Nashville, and by July 1862 his strong administrative and leadership skills earned him the position of Superintendent of Hospitals for the Army of Tennessee under General Braxton Briggs. Stout was a gifted administrator and streamlined his hospitals so that they were able to treat a massive number of sick and wounded. Moreover, he pioneered new designs for well-ventilated wards that could be easily serviced in the field. He was also instrumental in developing mobile hospital units that could move with the army, a system that would be used in all succeeding American conflicts. After the war Stout taught for a short time at the Atlanta Medical College before returning to private practice in Georgia and Texas. He died in Clarendon, Texas, in September 1903. University of Texas Libraries http://www.lib.utexas.edu (Retrieved March 4, 2009)

From the description of Atlanta University, Board of Visitors collection, 1871. (University of Georgia). WorldCat record id: 312149228

"Rufus Bullock was the first Republican to be elected to Georgia's highest political office, serving as governor from 1868 to 1871. Bullock was a northern-born businessman who cooperated with the Confederacy, became the most hated man in the state during Reconstruction, was forced from office by the Ku Klux Klan, and recovered enough of his reputation to become president of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and master of ceremonies at the Atlanta Cotton States and International Exposition in 1895. Still, until the 1990s historians generally accepted the negative view of Bullock gleaned from the partisan politics of Reconstruction, agreeing with the novelist Margaret Mitchell, who painted him as a carpetbagger and scalawag who looted the state." - "Rufus Bullock." New Georgia Encyclopedia. http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org (Retrieved July 31, 2008)

"STEWART, William Morris, a Senator from Nevada; born in Galen, near Lyons, Wayne County, N.Y., August 9, 1827; moved with his parents to Mesopotamia Township, Trumbull County, Ohio; attended Lyons Union School and West Farmington Academy; teacher of mathematics at Lyons Union School; attended Yale College 1849-1850; moved to San Francisco, Calif., in 1850 and engaged in gold mining in Nevada County; studied law; admitted to the bar in 1852 and commenced practice in Nevada City, Calif.; district attorney 1852; attorney general of California 1854; moved to Virginia City, Nev., in 1860; involved in early mining litigation and in the development of the Comstock lode; member, Territorial council 1861; member of the State constitutional convention in 1863; upon the admission of Nevada as a State into the Union was elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1864; took oath of office on February 1, 1865; reelected in 1869, and served until March 3, 1875; did not seek reelection; chairman, Committee on Pacific Railroads (Forty-second Congress), Committee on Railroads (Forty-third Congress); resumed the practice of law in Nevada and California; again elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1887; reelected in 1893 and 1899, as a Silver Republican, and served from March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1905; chairman, Committee on Mines and Mining (Fiftieth through Fifty-sixth Congresses), Committee on Indian Affairs (Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses); declined to be a candidate for reelection in 1905; died in Washington, D.C., April 23, 1909; remains were cremated and the ashes deposited in Laurel Hill Cemetery, San Francisco, Calif.; remains removed and deposited in unknown location."--"STEWART, William Morris, (1827 - 1909)" from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000922 (Accessed August 21, 2009)

From the description of Letter to William Stewart, 1871 January 30. (University of Georgia). WorldCat record id: 432334088