Charlet, Valentine Blanche, 1898-1985
Valentine Blanche Charlet MBE (May 23, 1898–October 11, 1985), code named Christiane, served in France as an agent for the United Kingdom's clandestine Special Operations Executive (SOE) during World War II. The purpose of SOE was to conduct espionage, sabotage and reconnaissance in occupied Europe against the Axis powers. SOE agents in France allied themselves with French Resistance groups and supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted in from England. Charlet was a courier. She was arrested and imprisoned by the Germans occupying France but escaped and returned safely to England.
Background
Charlet was born in London of Belgian parents on 23 May 1898.[1][2] As an adult she managed an art gallery in Brussels. When Nazi Germany invaded Belgium in May 1940, she fled to England. She joined the Women's Transport Service. Her fluency in French brought her to the attention of the SOE. Her English was only "passable."[3] She never married.[4] Forty-four years old when she joined the SOE, Charlet was one of oldest of the agents who worked for SOE's F (French) Section. Many SOE agents were tortured and executed after their arrests, but Charlet under interrogation proved adept at portraying herself as a vacuous woman ignorant of politics, concocting elaborate stories about lovers and fainting when under pressure from her interrogators. In November 1942, she was sentenced to incarceration in Castres prison in southern France. The prison, run by the French, was lax about security. On 16 September 1943, at least 37 of the prisoners escaped. Charlet and the other prisoners had obtained pistols and keys to the cells and the guards were locked up or deceived. The escapees broke up into small groups, Charlet and Suzanne Warenghem, a young French woman who had been a courier for the Pat O'Leary Escape Line (and married to British soldier and turncoat Harold Cole), remaining together.[9] Charlet and Warenghem reached open country and, helped by a local farmer, took refuge in a Benedictine monastery. There they sheltered in a guest house for two months before the monks took them to an escape line which helped people flee France by walking across the Pyrénées mountains to Spain. Heavy snow prevented them from crossing the mountains.[10]
Having failed to cross into Spain, Charlet and Warenghem, now in touch with SOE headquarters in London, undertook a cross country saga. First, they journeyed to Paris and then to Lyon. Charlet was worried she might be recognized in Lyon and traveled to the Jura Mountains near the border of Switzerland to work as a courier and guide for SOE. In April 1944, SOE arranged for Charlet and Warenghem to escape from France. To do so, they crossed France again to Brittany where they were picked up on a beach by a small boat, and rowed offshore to a motor torpedo boat, a dangerous operation as the Germans were fortifying the French coast in anticipation of an Allied invasion. During their escape they were fired on, but their boat outraced German pursuers and they arrived safely in Plymouth on 20 April 1944.[11]
