Emma, Queen consort of Kamehameha IV, King of the Hawaiian Islands, 1836-1885

Source Citation

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/645663960

Citations

Source Citation

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/767839488

Citations

Source Citation

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12592086

Citations

Source Citation

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/663683082

Citations

Source Citation

Emma Kalanikaumakaʻamano Kaleleonālani Naʻea Rooke (January 2, 1836 – April 25, 1885) was queen of Hawaii as the wife of King Kamehameha IV from 1856 to his death in 1863. She was later a candidate for the throne but King Kalākaua was elected instead.

After her son's death and before her husband's death, she was referred to as "Kaleleokalani", or "flight of the heavenly one". After her husband also died, it was changed into the plural form as "Kaleleonālani", or the "flight of the heavenly ones". She was baptized into the Anglican faith on October 21, 1862 as "Emma Alexandrina Francis Agnes Lowder Byde Rooke Young Kaleleokalani.[3]

Emma was born on January 2, 1836,[5] in Honolulu and was often called Emalani ("royal Emma"). Her father was High Chief George Naʻea and her mother was High Chiefess Fanny Kekelaokalani Young. She was adopted under the Hawaiian tradition of hānai by her childless maternal aunt, chiefess Grace Kamaʻikuʻi Young Rooke, and her husband, Dr. Thomas C. B. Rooke.[6]

Emma's father Naʻea was the son of High Chief Kamaunu and High Chiefess Kukaeleiki.[7] Kukaeleiki was daughter of Kalauawa, a Kauaʻi noble, and she was a cousin of Queen Keōpūolani, the most sacred wife of Kamehameha I. Among Naʻea's more notable ancestors were Kalanawaʻa, a high chief of Oʻahu, and High Chiefess Kuaenaokalani, who held the sacred kapu rank of Kekapupoʻohoʻolewaikala (so sacred that she could not be exposed to the sun except at dawn).[8]

On her mother's side, Emma was the granddaughter of John Young, Kamehameha I's British-born military advisor known as High Chief Olohana, and Princess Kaʻōanaʻeha Kuamoʻo.[9][10] Her maternal grandmother, Kaʻōanaʻeha, was generally called the niece of Kamehameha I. Chiefess Kaʻōanaʻeha's father is disputed; some say she was the daughter of Prince Keliʻimaikaʻi, the only full brother of Kamehameha; others state Kaʻōanaʻeha's father was High Chief Kalaipaihala.[11][12] This confusion is due to the fact that High Chiefess Kalikoʻokalani, the mother of Kaʻōanaʻeha, married both to Keliʻimaikaʻi and to Kalaipaihala. Through High Chief Kalaipaihala, she could be descended from Kalaniʻopuʻu, King of Hawaii before Kīwalaʻō and Kamehameha. King Kalākaua and Queen Liliʻuokalani criticized Queen Emma's claim of descent from Kamehameha's brother, supporting the latter theory of descent. Liliʻuokalani claimed that Keliʻimaikaʻi had no children, and that Kiilaweau, Keliʻimaikaʻi's first wife, was a man.[13] This was to strengthen their claim to the throne, since their great-grandfather was Kamehameha I's first cousin. But even through the second theory Queen Emma would still have been descendant of Kamehameha I's first cousin since Kalaniʻopuʻu was the uncle of Kamehameha I.[14] It can be noted that one historian of the time, Samuel Kamakau, supported Queen Emma's descent from Keliʻimaikaʻi and the genealogy stated by Liliuokalani have been contested in her own lifetime.[15]

Emma grew up in her adoptive parents' English mansion, the Rooke House, in Honolulu. Emma was educated at the Royal School, which was established by American missionaries. Other Hawaiian royals attending the school included Emma's half-sister Mary Paʻaʻāina. Like her classmates Bernice Pauahi Bishop, David Kalākaua and Lydia Liliʻuokalani, Emma was cross-cultural — both Hawaiian and Euro-American in her habits. When the school closed, Dr. Rooke hired an English governess, Sarah Rhodes von Pfister, to tutor the young Emma. He also encouraged reading from his extensive library. As a writer, he influenced Emma's interest in reading and books. By the time she was 20, she was an accomplished young woman. She was 5' 2" and slender, with large black eyes. Her musical talents as a vocalist, pianist and dancer were well known. She was also a skilled equestrian.

Emma became engaged to the king of Hawaii, Alexander Liholiho. At the engagement party, a Hawaiian charged that Emma's Caucasian blood made her unfit to be the Hawaiian queen and her lineage was not suitable enough to be Alexander Liholiho's bride; she broke into tears and the king was infuriated. On June 19, 1856, she married Alexander Liholiho, who a year earlier had assumed the throne as Kamehameha IV. He was also fluent in both Hawaiian and English. Each nation and even the Chinese hosted balls and celebrations in honor of the newlyweds. Two years later on May 20, 1858 Emma gave birth to a son, Prince Albert Edward Kamehameha.

Queen Emma of Hawaii, Wikipedia, 2021

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Emma_of_Hawaii

Citations

BiogHist

Name Entry: Emalani, 1836-1855

Name Entry: Kaleleonālan , 1836-1855

Name Entry: Kaleleonālani, 1836-1855

Name Entry: Wahine Holo Lio, 1836-1855

Relation: spouseOf Kamehameha IV, King of the Hawaiian Islands, 1834-1863

Place: Honolulu

Source Citation

Emma grew up speaking both Hawaiian and English, the latter “with a perfect English accent.” She began her formal schooling at age 5 at the Chief's Children’s School, which was later named the Royal School, where she was quick and bright in her studies. When Emma was 13, Dr. Rooke hired an English governess, Sarah Rhodes von Pfister, to tutor her. He also encouraged Emma to read from his extensive library. As a writer, he influenced Emma’s interest in reading and books. By the time she was 20 years old, she was a beautiful and accomplished young woman

Queen Emma, 2021

http://www.stjohnsbytheseahawaii.org/images/Emma.pdf

Citations

Language: haw (Latn)

Name Entry: Kaleleokalani, Emma Alexandrina Francis Agnes Lowder Byde Rooke Young , 1836-1855

Source Citation

http://viaf.org/viaf/12357615

Citations

Source Citation

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/663719347

Citations

Source Citation

http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/225832705

Citations

Source Citation

High Chiefess Emma Kalanikaumakaʻamano Kaleleonālani Naʻea Rooke was born on January 2, 1836. Her father was George Naea and her mother was High Chiefess Fanny Kekelaokalani Young, she was adopted by her aunt High Chiefess Grace Kamaʻikuʻi Young and husband, Mr. Thomas Charles Byde Rooke.

A royal member of the Kamehameha dynasty, through her great grandfather, Kealiʻimaikai, a brother of King Kamehameha the Great. High Chiefess Emma was selected by Kamehameha III to be eligible for the Hawaiian throne and was sent to be groomed at the Chiefs' Children's School, where she lived and was educated with her cousin and future husband, Prince Alexander Liholiho (King Kamehameha IV) whom she married on June 19, 1856.

On May 20, 1858 Emma gave birth to her only child, a son, Prince Albert Edward Kauikeaouli Kaleiopapa Kamehameha. Queen Victoria of England was his godmother, for which he was given the name Albert Edward after her husband. Unfortunately, the young prince died at the age of four and a year later, her husband, King Kamehameha IV died in 1863.

Queen Emma, who was dedicated to health care and education, with her husband, King Kamehameha IV, were the founders of The Queen's Medical Center, St. Andrews Priory, ʻIolani School and St. Andrews Cathedral.

When the throne was left vacant after the death of King Lunalilo on February 3 1874, Emma proclaimed herself as candidate for the throne as she was a member of the royal house and was officially made eligible to be a ruler. The other proclaimed candidate was High Chief David Kalākaua who was also a member of the royal house and was eligible to rule as well. Unfortunately the legislature voted 39 to 6 in favor of Kalākaua, the election resulted in an uproar of Queen Emma's supporters, comprised by the majority of the Hawaiian people. The Marines from American and British vessels were called to restore civil order and eventually Queen Emma acknowledged Kalākaua as the new king.

The Dowager Queen Emma In 1883, suffered the first of several small strokes and died two years later on April 25, 1885 at the age of 49, she left the bulk of her estate to the trust of the Queen's Hospital as well as some scholarships.

Princess Emma Naea Rooke 1836-1885, Royal Family of Hawaii Official Website, 2021

https://www.crownofhawaii.com/emma-fp

Citations

Date: 1836-01-02 (Birth) - 1885-04-25 (Death)

BiogHist

Unknown Source

Citations

BiogHist

Language: haw (Latn)

Name Entry: Emma, Queen consort of Kamehameha IV, King of the Hawaiian Islands, 1836-1885

Found Data: [ { "contributor": "WorldCat", "form": "authorizedForm" }, { "contributor": "LC", "form": "authorizedForm" } ]
Note: Contributors from initial SNAC EAC-CPF ingest

Name Entry: Emma, Queen of Hawaii, 1836-1885

Found Data: [ { "contributor": "VIAF", "form": "authorizedForm" }, { "contributor": "WorldCat", "form": "authorizedForm" } ]
Note: Contributors from initial SNAC EAC-CPF ingest

Name Entry: Emma Hawaii, Königin 1836-1885

Found Data: [ { "contributor": "VIAF", "form": "authorizedForm" } ]
Note: Contributors from initial SNAC EAC-CPF ingest

Name Entry: Emma reine d'Hawai 1836-1885

Found Data: [ { "contributor": "VIAF", "form": "authorizedForm" } ]
Note: Contributors from initial SNAC EAC-CPF ingest

Name Entry: Emma Queen, consort of Kamehameha IV, King of the Hawaiian Islands 1836-1885

Found Data: [ { "contributor": "VIAF", "form": "authorizedForm" } ]
Note: Contributors from initial SNAC EAC-CPF ingest