Cruz, Ted, 1970-

<p>Rafael Edward Cruz (/kruːz/; born December 22, 1970) is an American politician and attorney serving as the junior United States Senator for Texas since 2013. A member of the Republican Party, Cruz served as Solicitor General of Texas from 2003 to 2008.</p>

<p>After graduating from Princeton University and Harvard Law School, Cruz pursued a career in government. He worked as a policy advisor in the George W. Bush administration before serving as Solicitor General of Texas from 2003 to 2008. In 2012, Cruz was elected to the U.S. Senate, becoming the first Hispanic American to serve as a U.S. senator from Texas. In the Senate, Cruz has taken consistently conservative positions on economic and social policy; he played a leading role in the 2013 United States federal government shutdown, seeking to force Congress and President Barack Obama to defund the Affordable Care Act. He was reelected in an unusually close Senate race in 2018 against Democratic candidate Beto O'Rourke.</p>

<p>In 2016, Cruz ran for President of the United States, placing second behind Donald Trump in the Republican primaries. The competition for the Republican presidential nomination between Trump and Cruz was deeply acrimonious and characterized by a series of public personal attacks. While Cruz initially declined to endorse Trump's campaign once he won the nomination, he later became a staunch Trump supporter during the latter's presidency.</p>

<p>In January 2021, Cruz provoked a widespread political and popular backlash after filing objections to the certification of Joe Biden's victory over Trump in the 2020 presidential election; he was criticized for giving credence to the baseless conspiracy theory that the election was stolen from Trump. After a violent mob of Trump supporters, motivated by the beliefs Cruz and others promoted, stormed the United States Capitol, figures from across the political spectrum condemned him and argued that he bore responsibility for the riot.</p>

<p>Throughout his life, Ted Cruz has proven to be a passionate and effective fighter for limited government, economic growth, and the Constitution.</p>

<p>Ted’s calling to public service has been inspired by his firsthand observation of the pursuit of freedom and opportunity in America. Ted’s mother, Eleanor, was born in Delaware to an Irish and Italian working-class family. She became the first in her family to go to college, graduated from Rice University with a degree in mathematics, and became a pioneering computer programmer in the 1950s.</p>

<p>After being tortured and imprisoned in Cuba, Ted’s father, Rafael, fled to the United States to attend the University of Texas at Austin in 1957. He then started a small business in the oil and gas industry. Today, Ted’s father is a pastor in Dallas.</p>

CRUZ, Rafael Edward (Ted), a Senator from Texas; born in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, December 22, 1970; graduated Princeton University, B.A., 1992; graduated Harvard University, J.D., 1995; law clerk to Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist; associate deputy attorney general, U.S. Department of Justice; director of the Office of Policy Planning, Federal Trade Commission; solicitor general of Texas 2003-2008; lawyer; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 2012 for the term commencing January 3, 2013; reelected in 2018 for the term ending January 3, 2025; was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican presidential nomination in 2016.