Kennedy, Robert F. (Robert Francis), 1925-1968

Robert Francis Kennedy (1925-1968), brother of former President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, was a Senator from New York. He graduated from Milton Academy in Massachusetts, and served in the United States Navy Reserve from 1944 to 1946. Kennedy later graduated from Harvard University in 1948 and then from the University of Virginia Law School in 1951. He was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in 1951. He worked as an attorney in the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice from 1951 to 1952, and then as a campaign manager for his brother, Congressman John F. Kennedy for his election to the United States Senate in 1952. Kennedy then served as assistant counsel for the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations in 1953, and as assistant counsel for the Hoover Commission in the same year. He was chief counsel to the minority for the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations in 1954, and chief counsel and staff director in 1955. From 1957 to 1960, Kennedy was chief counsel of Senate Select Committee on Improper Activities in the Labor or Management Field, and also worked as campaign manager for Senator John F. Kennedy's election to the Presidency in 1960. He served as Attorney General of the United States from January 1961, until his resignation on September 3, 1964, to be a candidate for the United States Senate. He was elected as a Democrat from New York to the United States Senate and served from January 3, 1965, until his death. Kennedy was assassinated in a Los Angeles, California, hotel on June 6, 1968, while campaigning for the Democratic presidential nomination.

<p>Robert Francis Kennedy (November 20, 1925 – June 6, 1968), also referred to by his initials RFK and occasionally by the nickname Bobby, was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 64th United States Attorney General from January 1961 to September 1964, and as a U.S. Senator from New York from January 1965 until his assassination in June 1968. He was, like his brothers John and Edward, a prominent member of the Democratic Party and has come to be viewed by some historians as an icon of modern American liberalism.</p>

<p>Kennedy was born into a wealthy, political family in Brookline, Massachusetts. After serving in the U.S. Naval Reserve from 1944 to 1946, Kennedy returned to his studies at Harvard University, and later received his law degree from the University of Virginia. He began his career as a correspondent for The Boston Post and as an assistant U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of New York, but later resigned to manage his brother John's successful campaign for the U.S. Senate in 1952. The following year, he worked as an assistant counsel to the Senate committee chaired by Senator Joseph McCarthy. He gained national attention as the chief counsel of the Senate Labor Rackets Committee from 1957 to 1959, where he publicly challenged Teamsters President Jimmy Hoffa over the union's corrupt practices. Kennedy resigned from the committee to conduct his brother's successful campaign in the 1960 presidential election. He was appointed United States Attorney General at the age of 36, becoming the youngest Cabinet member in U.S. history since Alexander Hamilton in 1789. He served as his brother's closest advisor until his 1963 assassination.</p>

<p>His tenure is best known for its advocacy for the civil rights movement, the fight against organized crime and the Mafia, and involvement in U.S. foreign policy related to Cuba. He authored his account of the Cuban Missile Crisis in a book titled Thirteen Days. After his brother's assassination, he remained in office in the Johnson Administration for several months. He left to run for the United States Senate from New York in 1964 and defeated Republican incumbent Kenneth Keating. In office, Kennedy opposed U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War and raised awareness of poverty by sponsoring legislation designed to lure private business to blighted communities (i.e. Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration project). He was an advocate for issues related to human rights and social justice by traveling abroad to eastern Europe, Latin America, and South Africa, and formed working relationships with Martin Luther King Jr., Cesar Chavez, and Walter Reuther.</p>

<p>In 1968, Kennedy became a leading candidate for the Democratic nomination for the presidency by appealing to poor, African American, Hispanic, Catholic, and young voters. His main challenger in the race was Senator Eugene McCarthy. Shortly after winning the California primary around midnight on June 5, 1968, Kennedy was mortally wounded when shot with a pistol by Sirhan Sirhan, a 24-year-old Palestinian, allegedly in retaliation for his support of Israel following the 1967 Six-Day War. Kennedy died the following morning. Sirhan was arrested, tried, and convicted, though Kennedy's assassination, like his brother's, continues to be the subject of widespread analysis and numerous conspiracy theories.</p>