Constellation Similarity Assertions

Hazel Gladys Bishop was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1906, the daughter of Henry and Mabel (Billington) Bishop. After attending Bergen School for Girls in Jersey City, she enrolled in Barnard College, graduating with a B.A. in chemistry in 1929. Bishop originally hoped to become a doctor, but financial considerations required that she give up medical school, and she began her career in bio-chemical research as a chemical technician at the New York State Psychiatric Hospital and Institute (1930-1935), while taking night school classes in biochemistry at the College of Physicians & Surgeons at Columbia University. She then became a research assistant to dermatologist A. Benson Cannon (1935-1942). During the war she was an organic chemist for Standard Oil Development Company (1942-1945), studying aviation fuels, and continued her work in petroleum research until 1950 with the Socony Vacuum Oil Company.

From early on, Bishop's mother told her, "Open your own business, even if it's only a peanut stand," and Bishop took this advice to heart and determined to create a new cosmetic formulation. Using her home kitchen as a laboratory, she developed a nondrying, nonirritating, long-wearing lipstick and in late 1948, Hazel Bishop, Inc., was formed. In 1950 Bishop hired Raymond Spector's advertising agency to help market the lipstick and on Spector's advice purchased the back page of a national newspaper, placing on it her "success" ad, featuring a hot embrace and the line "Stays on you, not on him." Sales continued to soar but friction developed between Spector, who had become the company's majority stockholder, and Bishop, and he was able to wrest control of the company from her. In November 1951, Bishop resigned as president of the company, and she filed suit, charging mismanagement of the company and diversion of assets. The case was settled in 1954, with the company purchasing Bishop's 8% of company stock, with the stipulation that she refrain from selling products under her own name.

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