Spurzheim, J. G. (Johann Gaspar), 1776-1832
Variant namesBiographical notes:
German phrenologist.
From the description of Note, undated [before 1832]. (Duke University). WorldCat record id: 35359621
George Combe was a phrenologist.
From the guide to the George Combe Papers, [ca. 1822-1836], Circa 1822-1836, (American Philosophical Society)
Spurzheim (Vienna, M.D. 1813) never practiced medicine but collaborated with Franz Joseph Gall between 1800 and 1813 on neuroanatomical research from which phrenology was conceived as a system of psychology. Gall believed behavior was organized hierarchically in the nervous system, that the brain was the organ of mental function, that moral and intellectual capacity were innate, and that all emotions and mental faculties are localized in different parts of the brain and may be described by the shape, especially size and irregularities, of the skull. In 1813 Spurzheim made a professional break with Gall and further elaborated on phrenology's claims, presenting it as a system capable of accounting for and solving social problems; he wrote on applications of phrenology to education and to psychiatry. Through public lecturing and publication, Spurzheim popularized phrenology to a wide audience; he died near Boston while on a lecture tour of the U.S.
From the description of Papers of Johann Gasper Spurzheim, 1813-1835 (inclusive). (Harvard University). WorldCat record id: 281433420
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Subjects:
- Phrenology
- Phrenology
- Voyages and travels
Occupations:
Places:
- Great Britain (as recorded)
- Scotland (as recorded)
