United States. Bureau of Reclamation

The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation Service) was a bureau of the Department of the Interior which oversaw water development projects in the western United States. In July of 1902, in accordance with the Reclamation Act 32 Stat. 388, approved June 17, 1902 (also known as the Newlands Act), Secretary of the Interior Ethan Allen Hitchcock established the Reclamation Service within the Geological Survey. The new Reclamation Service studied potential water development projects in each western state with Federal lands -- revenue from sale of Federal lands was the initial source of the program''s funding. Because Texas had no Federal lands, it did not become a Reclamation state until 1906 when Congress passed a special Act including it in the provisions of the Reclamation Act.

From 1902 to 1907, the Reclamation Service began about 30 projects in Western states. Then, in 1907, the Secretary of the Interior separated the Reclamation Service from the Geological Survey and created an independent bureau within the Department of the Interior. Frederick Haynes Newell was appointed the first director of the new bureau.

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