Carter, Jimmy, 1924-

Jimmy Carter (James Earl Carter, Jr.), thirty-ninth president of the United States, was born on October 1, 1924, in Plains, Georgia, and grew up in the nearby community of Archery. His father, James Earl Carter, Sr., was a farmer and businessman; his mother, Lillian Gordy, a registered nurse. He was educated in the Plains public schools, attended Georgia Southwestern College and the Georgia Institute of Technology, and received a B.S. from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1946. In the Navy he became a submariner, serving in both the Atlantic and Pacific fleets and rising to the rank of lieutenant. Chosen by Admiral Hyman Rickover for the nuclear submarine program, he was assigned to Schenectady, N.Y., where he took graduate work at Union College in reactor technology and nuclear physics, and served as senior officer of the pre-commissioning crew of the Seawolf. On July 7, 1946, he married Rosalynn Smith. When his father died in 1953, he resigned his naval commission and took his family back to Plains. He took over the Carter farms, and he and Rosalynn operated Carter''s Warehouse, a general-purpose seed and farm supply company. He quickly became a leader of the community, serving on county boards supervising education, the hospital authority, and the library. In 1962 he won election to the Georgia Senate. He lost his first gubernatorial campaign in 1966, but won the next election, becoming Georgia''s 76th governor on January 12, 1971. He was the Democratic National Committee campaign chairman for the 1974 congressional elections. On December 12, 1974, he announced his candidacy for president of the United States. He won his party''s nomination on the first ballot at the 1976 Democratic National Convention, and was elected president on November 2, 1976. He served as president from January 20, 1977 to January 20, 1981. Significant foreign policy accomplishments of his administration included the Panama Canal treaties, the Camp David Accords, the treaty of peace between Egypt and Israel, the SALT II treaty with the Soviet Union, and the establishment of U.S. diplomatic relations with the People''s Republic of China. He championed human rights throughout the world. On the domestic side, the administration''s achievements included a comprehensive energy program conducted by a new Department of Energy; deregulation in energy, transportation, communications, and finance; major educational programs under a new Department of Education; and major environmental protection legislation, including the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. In 1982, he became University Distinguished Professor at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, and founded The Carter Center in Atlanta. Actively guided by President Carter, the nonpartisan and nonprofit center addresses national and international issues of public policy. On December 10, 2002, the Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded him the Nobel Peace Prize for 2002, for his work in finding peaceful solutions to international conflicts, advancing democracy and human rights, and promoting economic and social development. Mr. Carter is the author of sixteen books, many of which are now in revised editions. He also volunteers for Habitat for Humanity, teaches Sunday school, and is a deacon in the Maranatha Baptist Church of Plains, Georgia.

From the description of Carter, Jimmy, 1924- (U.S. National Archives and Records Administration). naId: 10679517

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