Capuchins

Parallel to the general "conventual community" was a small but significant part of the Franciscan community that resisted many of the implications of clericalization. This group held on to the more itinerant and rigorous lifestyle associated with the hermitages and the "observant" movement of renewal that arose around 1330 (observers of the rule of St. Francis). From this latter movement the Capuchins were formed.

On May 29, 1517, Leo X issued his bull Ite et vos marking an official division of the Friars Minor into two distinct and autonomous groups: Conventuals, OFM/Conv., and Observants, OFM. Leo XIII's bull Felicitate quadam (1898) eventually reunited the various reform groups of the previous years (Recollects, Reformed, Discalced) with the Observants.

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