New York (State). Superintendent of Common Schools

The judicial power to interpret school laws was vested in the Superintendent of Common Schools in 1822, transferred to the Superintendent of Public Instruction upon the creation of that office in 1854, and transferred to the Commissioner of Education upon creation of the State Education Department in 1904. Under the law any person can appeal the official actions of any local school official to the Commissioner, whose decision is a binding interpretation of the laws involved not reviewable in any court.

From the description of Calendar of appeal cases, 1842. (New York State Archives). WorldCat record id: 123527596