Rice, Alfred, 1907-1989.

American writer Ernest Miller Hemingway (1899-1961) was born in Oak Park, Illinois, to Clarence Edmonds Hemingway and Grace Hall. After high school, Hemingway worked briefly as a reporter for the Kansas City Star, before joining the Red Cross as an ambulance driver on the Italian war front during World War I. There, Hemingway suffered injuries to his legs and spent six months in a Red Cross hospital in Milan. Upon recovery, he returned the United States and was hired as a foreign correspondent in France for the Toronto Star. In 1921, Hemingway married Elizabeth Hadley Richardson (1891-1979), the first of his four wives. In Paris, Hemingway became friends with Gertrude Stein and many other important writers and artists of the age. He published his first book, Three Stories and Ten Poems, in 1923, and his first novel, The Sun Also Rises, in 1926.

Hadley divorced Hemingway in January 1927, and in May of that year, Hemingway married Pauline Pfeiffer (1895-1951). The couple moved from Paris to Key West, Florida, in early 1928, and in September, Hemingway saw the publication of A Farewell to Arms. While living in Key West, Hemingway took hunting trips to Wyoming, Kenya, and Tanganyika; sailed in the Caribbean; and traveled in France and Spain. He published To Have and Have Not in 1937, and in October of that year, Time magazine featured him on their cover.

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