Menaker, Esther

Esther Menaker (nee Astin) was born on 6 September 1907 in Bern, Switzerland. She moved to the United States with her family at the age of three.

Menaker earned a Bachelor's degree in Chemistry and a Master's degree in Social Work, both at the University of Pennsylvania. Following her marriage in 1930 to William Menaker, the couple traveled to the University of Vienna for Doctoral training in Psychology. During this time they each completed two years of psychoanalysis: Esther Menaker with Anna Freud and William Menaker with Helene Deutsch.

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