Jay, John, 1745-1829
Name Entries
person
Jay, John, 1745-1829
Computed Name Heading
Name Components
Surname :
Jay
Forename :
John
Date :
1745-1829
eng
Latn
authorizedForm
rda
Dzheĭ, Dzhon, 1745-1829
Computed Name Heading
Name Components
Surname :
Dzheĭ
Forename :
Dzhon
Date :
1745-1829
eng
Latn
alternativeForm
rda
Che-shih, Yüeh-han, 1745-1829
Computed Name Heading
Name Components
Surname :
Che-shih
Forename :
Yüeh-han
Date :
1745-1829
eng
Latn
alternativeForm
rda
Citizen of New York, 1745-1829
Computed Name Heading
Name Components
Forename :
Citizen of New York
Date :
1745-1829
eng
Latn
alternativeForm
rda
Джей, Джон, 1745-1829
Computed Name Heading
Name Components
Surname :
Джей
Forename :
Джон
Date :
1745-1829
rus
Cyrl
alternativeForm
rda
Dzhei, Dzhon, 1745-1829
Computed Name Heading
Name Components
Surname :
Dzhei
Forename :
Dzhon
Date :
1745-1829
eng
Latn
alternativeForm
rda
Genders
Male
Exist Dates
Biographical History
John Jay (December 12, 1745 – May 17, 1829) was an American statesman, patriot, diplomat, Founding Father, abolitionist, negotiator, and signatory of the Treaty of Paris of 1783. He served as the second governor of New York and the first chief justice of the United States. He directed U.S. foreign policy for much of the 1780s and was an important leader of the Federalist Party after the ratification of the United States Constitution in 1788.
Jay was born into a wealthy family of merchants and New York City government officials of French Huguenot and Dutch descent. He became a lawyer and joined the New York Committee of Correspondence, organizing American opposition to British policies such as the Intolerable Acts in the leadup to the American Revolution. Jay was elected to the First Continental Congress, where he signed the Continental Association, and to the Second Continental Congress, where he served as its president. From 1779 to 1782, Jay served as the ambassador to Spain; he persuaded Spain to provide financial aid to the fledgling United States. He also served as a negotiator of the Treaty of Paris, in which Britain recognized American independence. Following the end of the war, Jay served as Secretary of Foreign Affairs, directing United States foreign policy under the Articles of Confederation government. He also served as the first Secretary of State on an interim basis.
A proponent of strong, centralized government, Jay worked to ratify the United States Constitution in New York in 1788. He was a co-author of The Federalist Papers along with Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, and wrote five of the eighty-five essays. After the establishment of the new federal government, Jay was appointed by President George Washington the first Chief Justice of the United States, serving from 1789 to 1795. The Jay Court experienced a light workload, deciding just four cases over six years. In 1794, while serving as chief justice, Jay negotiated the highly controversial Jay Treaty with Britain. Jay received a handful of electoral votes in three of the first four presidential elections but never undertook a serious bid for the presidency.
Jay served as the governor of New York from 1795 to 1801. Although he successfully passed gradual emancipation legislation as governor of the state, he owned five enslaved people as late as 1800. In the waning days of President John Adams's administration, Jay was confirmed by the Senate for another term as chief justice, but he declined the position and retired to his farm in Westchester County, New York where he died after being stricken with palsy. Jay was buried in a private cemetery adjacent to his property.
eng
Latn
External Related CPF
https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79088877
https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10581348
https://viaf.org/viaf/49254995
https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n79088877
https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q310847
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Slavery
United States
United States
African Americans
American Society for Meliorating the Conditions of the Jews
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Great Britain. Royal Commission for Settling the Boundary Line between the Colonies of New
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Great Britain. Treaties, etc. United States, 1794 Nov. 19
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NY, US
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Rye
NY, US
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Bedford
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New York
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Madrid
29, ES
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