Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994
Name Entries
person
Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Nixon
Forename :
Richard M.
NameExpansion :
Richard Milhous
Date :
1913-1994
eng
Latn
Ni-ko-hsün, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Ni-ko-hsün
Date :
1913-1994
Latn
Nixon, Richard, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Nixon
Forename :
Richard
Date :
1913-1994
eng
Latn
ניקסון, ריצ'רד מ., 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
ניקסון
Forename :
ריצ'רד מ.
Date :
1913-1994
heb
Hebr
نيكسون, ريتشارد, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
نيكسون
Forename :
ريتشارد
Date :
1913-1994
ara
Arab
Niksūn, Rītshārd, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Niksūn
Forename :
Rītshārd
Date :
1913-1994
Latn
Ni-kʻo-hsün, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Ni-kʻo-hsün
Date :
1913-1994
Latn
Ni-kʻo-sen, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Ni-kʻo-sen
Date :
1913-1994
Latn
Niksūn, Rītshārd, 1913-1994
Name Components
Name :
Niksūn, Rītshārd, 1913-1994
Никсон, Ричард Милхаус, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Никсон
Forename :
Ричард Милхаус
Date :
1913-1994
rus
Cyrl
Ni-kʻo-hsün, 1913-1994
Name Components
Name :
Ni-kʻo-hsün, 1913-1994
Ni-ko-sung, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Ni-ko-sung
Date :
1913-1994
Latn
Ni-kʻo-sung, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Ni-kʻo-sung
Date :
1913-1994
ニクソン, リチャード, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
ニクソン
Forename :
リチャード
Date :
1913-1994
jpn
Jpan
尼克森, 利查 , 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
尼克森
Forename :
利查
Date :
1913-1994
chi
Nikson, Ričard Milhaus, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Nikson
Forename :
Ričard Milhaus
Date :
1913-1994
Latn
Ni-ko-sen, 1913-1994
Name Components
Surname :
Ni-ko-sen
Date :
1913-1994
Latn
Genders
Male
Exist Dates
Biographical History
Nixon was born into a poor family of Quakers in a small town in Southern California. He graduated from Duke University School of Law in 1937 and returned to California to practice law. He and his wife Pat moved to Washington in 1942 to work for the federal government. He served on active duty in the Naval Reserves during World War II. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1946. His pursuit of the Hiss Case established his reputation as a leading anti-Communist which elevated him to national prominence. In 1950, he was elected to the Senate. He was the running mate of Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Republican Party's presidential nominee in the 1952 election, subsequently serving for eight years as the vice president. He unsuccessfully ran for president in 1960, narrowly losing to John F. Kennedy. Nixon then lost a race for governor of California to Pat Brown in 1962. In 1968, he ran for the presidency again and was elected, defeating Hubert Humphrey and George Wallace in a close election.
Nixon ended American involvement in Vietnam in 1973, ending the military draft that same year. Nixon's visit to China in 1972 eventually led to diplomatic relations between the two nations, and he gained the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty with the Soviet Union the same year. His administration generally transferred power from federal control to state control. He imposed wage and price controls for 90 days, enforced desegregation of Southern schools, established the Environmental Protection Agency, and began the War on Cancer. He also presided over the Apollo 11 Moon landing, which signaled the end of the Space Race. He was re-elected in one of the largest electoral landslides in American history in 1972 when he defeated George McGovern.
In his second term, Nixon ordered an airlift to resupply Israeli losses in the Yom Kippur War, a war which led to the oil crisis at home. By late 1973, Watergate escalated, costing Nixon much of his political support. On August 9, 1974, facing almost certain impeachment and removal from office, he became the first American president to resign. Afterwards, he was issued a pardon by his successor, Gerald Ford. In 20 years of retirement, Nixon wrote his memoirs and nine other books and undertook many foreign trips, rehabilitating his image into that of an elder statesman and leading expert on foreign affairs. He suffered a debilitating stroke on April 18, 1994, and died four days later at age 81. Surveys of historians and political scientists have ranked Nixon as a below-average president. However, evaluations of him have proven complex, with his successes as president contrasted against the circumstances of his departure from office.
Richard Milhous Nixon was born on January 9, 1913, in Yorba Linda, California, in a house built by his father, located on his family's lemon ranch. His parents were Hannah (Milhous) Nixon and Francis A. Nixon. His mother was a Quaker, and his father converted from Methodism to the Quaker faith. Through his mother, Nixon was a descendant of the early English settler Thomas Cornell, who was also an ancestor of Ezra Cornell, the founder of Cornell University, as well as of Jimmy Carter and Bill Gates.
Nixon was offered a tuition grant to attend Harvard University, but Harold's continued illness and the need for their mother to care for him meant Richard was needed at the store. He remained in his hometown and attended Whittier College with his expenses covered by a bequest from his maternal grandfather. After graduating summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts degree in history from Whittier in 1934, Nixon received a full scholarship to attend Duke University School of Law.
He returned to California and was admitted to the California bar in 1937. He began practicing in Whittier with the law firm Wingert and Bewley, working on commercial litigation for local petroleum companies and other corporate matters, as well as on wills. In 1938, he opened up his own branch of Wingert and Bewley in La Habra, California, and became a full partner in the firm the following year.
In January 1938 Nixon was cast in the Whittier Community Players production of The Dark Tower. There he played opposite a high school teacher named Thelma "Pat" Ryan. Nixon described it in his memoirs as "a case of love at first sight"—for Nixon only, as Pat Ryan turned down the young lawyer several times before agreeing to date him. Once they began their courtship, Ryan was reluctant to marry Nixon; they dated for two years before she assented to his proposal. They wed in a small ceremony on June 21, 1940. After a honeymoon in Mexico, the Nixons began their married life in Whittier. They had two daughters, Tricia (born 1946) and Julie (born 1948).
eng
Latn
External Related CPF
https://viaf.org/viaf/282109274
https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-no2012149062
https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2012149062
https://viaf.org/viaf/244672027
https://viaf.org/viaf/122756355
https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79018757
https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10677995
https://viaf.org/viaf/44303100
https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q9588
https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n79018757
Other Entity IDs (Same As)
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Internal CPF Relations
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Languages Used
eng
Latn
Subjects
Advertising, political
After-dinner speeches
Agriculture
Automobile insurance
College of William and Mary
Correspondence
Economists
Elections
Material Types
Older people
Patronage, Political
Politicians
Presidents
Presidents
Presidents
Presidents
Presidents
Presidents
Radio advertising
Republican Party (U.S. : 1854-)
Roads
Segregation in education
Statesmen
Television advertising
Vietnam War, 1961-1975
Watergate Affair, 1972-1974
Watergate Affair, 1972-1974
World War, 1939-1945
Nationalities
Americans
Activities
Occupations
Naval Officer
Presidents
Representative
Statesmen
Vice
Legal Statuses
Places
Whittier
AssociatedPlace
Residence
United States
AssociatedPlace
San Clemente
AssociatedPlace
Residence
Yorba Linda
AssociatedPlace
Birth
Washington, D. C.
AssociatedPlace
Residence
Park Ridge
AssociatedPlace
Residence
New York City
AssociatedPlace
Death
Convention Declarations
<conventionDeclaration><citation>VIAF</citation></conventionDeclaration>